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2025, 46(3): 305-309.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025070
Abstract:
In order to understand and analyze the current standards and application of school desks and chairs for primary and secondary schools, and to promote the healthy growth of primary and secondary school students. The article conducts a comprehensive review of the functional and dimensional standards for school furniture both domestically and internationally, and objectively analyzes the current utilization and existing issues concerning desks and chairs in schools. It further explores the multifaceted factors that influence the allocation of desks and chairs, and proposes effective countermeasures, so as to provide a reference for the risk factors of common diseases related to desks and chairs, such as myopia and abnormal spinal curvature.
In order to understand and analyze the current standards and application of school desks and chairs for primary and secondary schools, and to promote the healthy growth of primary and secondary school students. The article conducts a comprehensive review of the functional and dimensional standards for school furniture both domestically and internationally, and objectively analyzes the current utilization and existing issues concerning desks and chairs in schools. It further explores the multifaceted factors that influence the allocation of desks and chairs, and proposes effective countermeasures, so as to provide a reference for the risk factors of common diseases related to desks and chairs, such as myopia and abnormal spinal curvature.
2025, 46(3): 310-314.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025086
Abstract:
To analyzes the characteristics, problems and enlightenment of physical activity observation tools, so as to provide reference for researchers to quickly and accurately choose appropriate observation tools to evaluate children's and adolescents' physical activity. Literature search is conducted in eight databases of Chinese and English, including CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, Web of Science, PubMed, Medline, ERIC, and SPORTDiscus. Ultimately, eight observation tools for assessing physical activity in children and adolescents are included. Through summarization and comparison, it is found that the applications of those tools cover multiple age groups, the observation indicators cover multiple dimensions for each with varying emphases, and the applicable contexts vary in their specific background information, and recording methods tend to be quantitative. However, several issues remain to be addressed in practical applications. First, the observation indicators need to be supplemented and improved; second, physical activity in community environments and academic classrooms requires further attention; third, physical activity intensity needs to be scientifically evaluated; fourth, observation and recording methods need to be integrated and innovated; fifth, the number of observation subjects needs to be expanded. Future research could focus on developing observation tools tailored to the characteristics of Chinese children and adolescents, while drawing on foreign observation tools to comprehensively assess physical activity among children and adolescents.
To analyzes the characteristics, problems and enlightenment of physical activity observation tools, so as to provide reference for researchers to quickly and accurately choose appropriate observation tools to evaluate children's and adolescents' physical activity. Literature search is conducted in eight databases of Chinese and English, including CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, Web of Science, PubMed, Medline, ERIC, and SPORTDiscus. Ultimately, eight observation tools for assessing physical activity in children and adolescents are included. Through summarization and comparison, it is found that the applications of those tools cover multiple age groups, the observation indicators cover multiple dimensions for each with varying emphases, and the applicable contexts vary in their specific background information, and recording methods tend to be quantitative. However, several issues remain to be addressed in practical applications. First, the observation indicators need to be supplemented and improved; second, physical activity in community environments and academic classrooms requires further attention; third, physical activity intensity needs to be scientifically evaluated; fourth, observation and recording methods need to be integrated and innovated; fifth, the number of observation subjects needs to be expanded. Future research could focus on developing observation tools tailored to the characteristics of Chinese children and adolescents, while drawing on foreign observation tools to comprehensively assess physical activity among children and adolescents.
2025, 46(3): 315-320.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025087
Abstract:
Objective To analyze the change trends in the body shape indicators and proportions of students in Harbin from 2010 to 2024, and to investigate ergonomic compatibility of functional dimensions of school desks and chairs with current student shape indicators, so as to provide a reference for revising furniture standards of desks and chairs. Methods Between September and November of both 2010 and 2024, a combination of convenience sampling and stratified cluster random sampling was conducted across three districts in Harbin, yielding samples of 6 590 and 6 252 students, respectively. Anthropometric shape indicators cluding height, sitting height, crus length, and thigh length-and their proportional changes were compared over the 15-year period. The 2024 data were compared with current standard functional dimensions of school furniture. The statistical analysis incorporated t-test and Mann-Whitney U test. Results From 2010 to 2024, average height increased by 1.8 cm for boys and 1.5 cm for girls; sitting height increased by 1.5 cm for both genders; crus length increased by 0.3 cm for boys and 0.4 cm for girls; and thigh length increased by 0.5 cm for both genders. The ratios of sitting height to height, and sitting height to leg length increased by less than 0.1. The difference between desk-chair height and 1/3 sitting height ranged from 0.4-0.8 cm. Among students matched with size 0 desks and chairs, 22.0% had a desk-to-chair height difference less than 0, indicating that the desk-to-chair height difference might be insufficient for taller students. The differences between seat height and fibular height ranged from -1.4 to 1.1 cm; and the differences between seat depth and buttock-popliteal length ranged from -9.8 to 3.4 cm. Among obese students, the differences between seat width and 1/2 hip circumference ranged from -20.5 to -8.7 cm, while it ranged from -12.2 to -3.8 cm among non-obese students. Conclusion Current furniture standards basically satisfy hygienic requirements; however, in the case of exceptionally tall and obese students, ergonomic accommodations such as adaptive seating allocation or personalized adjustments are recommended to meet hygienic requirements.
2025, 46(3): 321-324.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025073
Abstract:
Objective To understand the subjective and objective comfort evaluations of students from different age groups on desks and chairs, so as to provide reference for standardized allocation and use of desks and chairs. Methods From January to April 2024, a total of 2 446 students were selected from 26 schools in 13 districts (counties/cities) in Shanghai, Tianjin, and Wuxi from Jiangsu Province by using cluster random method, including students in kindergartens, primary schools, junior high schools, senior high schools, colleges and universities. Standardized procedures were used to measure the height and weight of participants, and the matching desks and chairs models were selected according to the height. The subjective comfort of students on matching desks and chairs was investigated, and their objective comfort was evaluated by using a self-designed questionnaire. The χ2 test was used to analyze the differences of subjective perception and objective evaluation in comfort between different types of desks and chairs. Results About 84.1% of the students subjectively thought that large desks and small chairs were very comfortable or relatively comfortable, followed by large desks and chairs (75.7%), and the proportion of small desks and chairs was the lowest among the three types (46.2%), and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=722.46, P < 0.01). The reporting rates of primary school, junior high school and senior high school students who subjectively considered large desks and chairs to be very comfortable/relatively comfortable were higher than that of other types of desks and chairs, and the differences were statistically significant (χ2=297.49, 252.82, 343.67, P < 0.01). However, there was no significant difference in the subjective comfort evaluation of different types of desks and chairs among kindergarten children (χ2=3.21,P > 0.05), and 66.3% of the students in colleges and universities felt very comfortable/relatively comfortable when they used the matching standard desks and chairs. The objective evaluation results of the comfort for the three types of desks and chairs were consistent with the subjective evaluation, but the proportions of the objective evaluation as very comfortable/relatively comfortable were higher than that of the subjective evaluation (χ2=20.76-813.47,P < 0.01). Conclusions Large desks and chairs, as well as large desks with small chairs are perceived comfortable, while small desks and chairs are perceived less comfortable. It is recommended to match the large desks and chairs or large desks and small chairs that are suitable for them according to the "standard", to promote physical and mental health of students.
2025, 46(3): 325-329.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025077
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the differences in the comfort of desks and chairs furniture among students with different body types according to the standard, so as to provide a reference for guiding students with overweight and obesity to choose the correct study furniture and revising the standards. Methods From January to April 2024, 2 443 students from 26 schools in 13 districts (counties/cities) in Shanghai, Tianjin, and Jiangsu Province were selected by the cluster random sampling method to conduct physical examination. The subjective and objective evaluations of the comfort of height-matched desks and chairs were investigated. The students were divided into non-overweight, overweight, and obesity groups according to relevant criteria, and stratified analysis was performed. The χ2 test was used to analyze differences in the comfort evaluations of desks and chairs among students with different body types. Results Among the 2 443 students surveyed, 16.7% and 12.6% were respectively classified as overweight and obese. All students assigned the highest comfort ratings to large desks and small chairs (84.1%), and consistency was observed between students' subjective and objective evaluations. The reporting rate of samll desks and chairs of obesity students' subjective evaluation was lower (36.8%) than that of overweight and non-overweight/obesity students (52.1%, 48.0%) (χ2=14.63, P < 0.01). The overweight and obese group of primary school students had a worse evaluation of the comfort of large desks and chairs and small desks and chairs than those of the non-overweight and obese groups(χ2=15.78, 7.63, P < 0.05). Among high school students, the overweight and obese group had worse evaluation of the comfort of large desks and chairs, as well as large desks and small chairs, than those of the non-overweight and obese groups(χ2=9.62, 11.77, P < 0.05). The objective evaluations revealed low compliance ratings on the posture of the thighs and calves for naturally forming an angle greater than 90° (55.6%), and headroom height under the table (50.3%) with small desks and chairs (χ2=94.05, 166.47, P < 0.05). Conclusions Compared with non-overweight/obese students, students with overweight and obese students report poor comfort evaluations of height-matched desks and chairs. Revision of the standard should consider the body types of students, and evaluations of the comfort of desks and chairs furniture by students with overweight and obesity should be improved.
2025, 46(3): 330-334.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025090
Abstract:
Objective To explore the effects of different types of acute exercise on the working memory of sedentary college students, so as to provide a basis for exercise intervention. Methods From April 15 to May 30, 2023, a total of 42 sedentary college students were recruited from one university in Beijing. Using a single-blind, completely randomized experimental design, participants were randomly assigned to an open-skill exercise group, a closed-skill exercise group, or a control group, with 14 participants in each group. The open-skill exercise group engaged in 30 minutes of badminton, the closed-skill exercise group performed 30 minutes of running, and the control group remained seated for 30 minutes. All participants completed a 2-back working memory task and had their electroencephalogram (EEG) data recorded before and after the intervention. Results The accuracy rates of the open-skill exercise group, closed-skill exercise group, and control group (0.90±0.06, 0.94±0.05; 0.88±0.05, 0.94±0.05; 0.85±0.10, 0.90±0.06) showed a significant main effect of time (F=37.14, P < 0.01). Reaction times [(923.65±145.08, 711.56±140.93; 909.59±180.28, 807.85±169.66; 917.05±166.35, 871.86±186.07)ms] showed both a significant main effect of time and a significant interaction between group and time (F=70.55, 11.83, P < 0.01). Repeated measures ANOVA revealed that all three groups improved in accuracy and reaction time compared to pre-test values, with no significant difference in accuracy between groups. However, the reaction time of the open-skill exercise group was significantly faster than that of the control group (P < 0.05), while there was no significant difference between the closed-skill exercise group and the control group (P > 0.05). For EEG data, the P2 amplitude showed a significant main effect of time and a significant interaction between groups and time (F=10.60, 7.66, P < 0.01), with the open-skill exercise group exhibiting a higher P2 amplitude than the control group (P < 0.05), while the closed-skill exercise group showed no significant difference compared to the control group (P > 0.05). The N2 amplitude showed a significant main effect of time (F=5.94, P < 0.05). The P3 amplitude showed significant main effects of time and electrode position, as well as a significant interaction between groups and time (F=23.16, 4.53, 5.85, P < 0.05), with both exercise groups exhibiting higher P3 amplitudes than the control group (P < 0.05), but no significant difference between the two exercise groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion Open-skill exercise is more effective than closed-skill exercise in improving the working memory of sedentary college students.
2025, 46(3): 335-338.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025094
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Objective To assess the awareness and associated factors of wild mushroom poisoning among students in Guizhou Province, so as to provide a scientific foundation for wild mushroom poisoning prevention and control among students. Methods By a multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method, 1 162 students from Guizhou Province were selected in May 2024. The questionnaire survey was administered to evaluate knowledge regarding wild mushroom poisoning. Data were analyzed employing the χ2 test and Logistic regression model. Results Among the nine questions assessing awareness of wild mushroom poisoning, only three had the awareness rate exceeding 70%. Binary Logistic regression analysis revealed that students who "actively learn about the prevention of wild mushroom poisoning" (OR=0.48, 95%CI=0.26-0.92) and "spread knowledge about wild mushroom poisoning to others" (OR=0.47, 95%CI=0.33-0.69) scored higher on the wild mushroom poisoning knowledge questions (P < 0.05). Conversely, students with a habit of consuming wild mushrooms (OR=1.52, 95%CI=1.15-2.02) scored lower (P < 0.05). 42.3% of the students suggested that scientific dissemination and publicity about wild mushrooms should be intensified. Conclusions The awareness rate of wild mushroom poisoning knowledge among students in Guizhou Province requires further attention. Comprehensive knowledge should be disseminated systematically through various channels to further improve students' awareness of the prevention and control of wild mushroom poisoning.
2025, 46(3): 339-342.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025065
Abstract:
Objective To explore the impact of household tobacco smoke exposure on adolescents attempted smoking behavior, so as to provide a reference for tobacco control policy formulation and evaluation. Methods From September to November 2023, a stratified cluster random sampling method was employed to select 7 841 middle and high school students from 10 monitoring sites (districts/counties) in Beijing for a questionnaire survey. Rao-Scott Chi-square test was used to assess differences in proportions across subgroups, and complex sampling design-based multivariate Logistic regression analysis was conducted to explore the influence of parental smoking and secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure at home on adolescents attempted smoking behavior. Results About 47.17% of adolescents reported to have at least one parent smoked, with 42.36% reported of having only the father smoked, 0.73% reported of having only the mother smoked, and 4.08% reported of having both parents smoked. About 34.66% of middle and high school students were reported SHS exposure at home in the past 7 days, with 10.98%, 4.79% and 18.89% reported SHS exposure for 1-2, 3-4 and 5-7 days. Compared to adolescents with non-smoking parents, those with a smoking father or both smoking parents had higher rates of attempted smoking [OR(95%CI)=1.45(1.06-1.98), 3.73(2.18-6.37), P < 0.05]. Compared to adolescents without SHS exposure at home in the past 7 days, those exposed for 3-4 or 5-7 days had higher rates of attempted smoking [OR(95%CI)=2.21(1.27-3.84), 2.46(1.58-3.83), P < 0.01]. Conclusions Household tobacco smoke exposure is associated with adolescent attempted smoking behavior. Parents should quit smoking and prohibit smoking at home to create a smoke-free environment for adolescents.
2025, 46(3): 343-347.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025080
Abstract:
Objective To understand the status and related factors of knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) on vision health among young children's parents in Bao'an District, Shenzhen, so as to provide reference for further controlling myopia and promoting children's visual health. Methods From May 16th to 26th, 2024, a stratified cluster random sampling method was used to conduct an online questionnaire survey on 7 666 parents of kindergarten children across 41 kindergartens in a street of Bao'an District, Shenzhen. The t-test, variance analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were used to analyze the related factors of KAP on vision health among children's parents. Results The pass rates of parental vision KAP and overall assessment were 25.10%, 98.49%, 71.18% and 58.26%, respectively. The results of the multiple linear regression analysis showed that only fathers with myopia, only mothers with myopia, both parents with myopia, children in the bottom classes, middle classes, senior classes, and pre-school had higher standardized scores for KAP on vision health among parents (β=0.08, 0.11, 0.16, 0.17, 0.16, 0.16, 0.05, P < 0.05), compared to both parents without myopia and children in daycare classes. Parents of young children with myopia, and who didn't know their children's visual acuity and their own visual acuity had a lower KAP standardized scores (β=-0.02, -0.04, -0.05, P<0.05). Conclusions Young children's parents in Bao'an District hold a positive attitude towards vision health, but are lack of knowledge and practice. It is imperative to transmit accurate information and concepts about children's vision health to parents in a targeted manner. In particular, knowledge and guidance should be strengthened for children's parents.
2025, 46(3): 348-352.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025092
Abstract:
Objective To explore the causal link of cumulative ecological risk and future orientation with health risk behaviors among higher vocational college students, so as to provide reference for reducing and preventing health risk behaviors among higher vocational college students. Methods A longitudinal follow-up study was conducted on 612 students using convenience sampling from 2 vocational colleges in Hunan Province. The Cumulative Ecological Risk Scale, Future Orientation Scale, and Health Risk Behavior Scale were used during three follow-up visits (T1: September 2022, T2: June 2023, T3: March 2024), and a cross-lagged panel model was constructed to examine the longitudinal causal relationship of cumulative ecological risk, future orientation and health risk behaviors. Analysis of longitudinal intermediary effect between variables by Bootstrap. Results The cumulative ecological risk scores of T1, T2 and T3 among higher vocational college students were (2.94±1.44, 2.99±1.63, 3.02±1.54), future orientation scores (40.49±4.71, 41.51±5.72, 41.06±4.35) and health risk behavior scores (3.73±2.01, 3.49±2.00, 3.23±2.00). The results of repeated measures ANOVA showed that the future orientation score of T2 was higher than that of T1, and the main effect of measurement time was statistically significant (F=5.09, P < 0.01, η2=0.02). The health risk behavior score of T1 was higher than that of T2, and the health risk behavior score of T2 was higher than that of T3, and the main effect of measurement time was statistically significant (F=10.12, P < 0.01, η2=0.03).The cross-lagged model showed good adaptability, with χ2/df=7.20 (P < 0.01), relative fitting indicators GFI=0.98, CFI=0.99, TLI=0.96, IFI=0.99, NFI=0.99, and absolute fitting indicator RMSEA=0.06. Among them, the T1, T2 cumulative ecological risk showed negatively predictive effects on T2, T3 future orientation (β=-0.24, -0.47), and T1, T2 cumulative ecological risk positively predicted T2, T3 health risk behavior (β=0.20, 0.24), while T1, T2 future orientation negatively predicted T2, T3 health risk behavior (β=-0.25, -0.18) (P < 0.01). Bootstrap test analysis found that T2 future orientation had a longitudinal mediating effect (β=0.04, P < 0.01) on the T1 cumulative ecological risk and T3 health risk behavior. Conclusions The accumulation of ecological risk among higher vocational college students can positively predict health-risk behaviors, while future orientation can negatively predict health-risk behaviors. Moreover, future orientation plays a longitudinal mediating role between accumulated ecological risks and health-risk behaviors.
2025, 46(3): 353-357.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025069
Abstract:
Objective To understand the impact of left behind experience on the mental health of secondary vocational school students, so as to provide theoretical basis for the psychological health education of secondary vocational school students. Methods From September to December in 2019, a total of 3 401 students from Duyun, Guiding and Pingtang County were selected by multi-stage cluster random sampling method. Self-designed questionnaire and Symptom Check List-90(SCL-90) were used to investigate mental health status. A total of 1 415 left behind students and 1 415 non left behind students were matched by using propensity score matching (PSM). Wilcoxon test and Logistic regression analysis were conducted. Results Before the matching of propensity score, there were statistically significant differences in the distribution of family structure, mother's educational level, family residence, family harmony and children's past health among the students with or without left behind experience (χ2=28.17, 52.40, 96.31, 29.75, 19.10, P < 0.05). After the matching, there were no statistically significant differences in the distribution of the above variables among the students with or without left-behind experience (χ2=0.02-4.32, P>0.05). Before the matching of propensity scores, there were significant differences in the scores of 10 dimensions of SCL-90, including somatization (1.67, 1.58), interpersonal sensitivity (2.00, 1.89), anxiety (1.90, 1.70), obsessive-compulsive symptoms (2.20, 2.10), depression (2.00, 1.85), hostility (1.83, 1.67), terror (1.85, 1.71), paranoia (1.83, 1.67), psychotic (1.70, 1.60) and other (1.85, 1.71) dimensions among secondary vocational school students with or without left behind experience (Z=-5.15 to -2.84, P < 0.05). After propensity score matching, there were significant differences in scores remained only in three factors for interpersonal sensitivity [(2.00(1.56, 2.67), 2.00(1.44, 2.56)], paranoia [1.83(1.33, 2.50), 1.83(1.33, 2.33)] and psychoticism [1.70(1.30, 2.30), 1.70(1.20, 2.20)] in SCL-90 among secondary vocational students with or without left behind experience (Z=-2.45, -2.12, -2.23, P < 0.05). Conclusion The impact of left behind experience on the mental health of vocational school students is mainly reflected in interpersonal sensitivity, paranoia, and psychoticism, which should be identified as key areas of psychological education for secondary vocational school students.
2025, 46(3): 358-363.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025083
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Objective To explore the influencing factors and network structure of aggressive behaviors among college students based on propensity score matching (PSM), so as to provide precise targeted interventions for the prevention and improvement of aggressive behaviors among college students. Methods A total of 2 652 college students were selected by convenient sampling method from three colleges in Wuhan, Hubei Province in June 2023. Questionnaire surveys were carried out by using the Buss-Warren Aggression Questionnaire (BWAQ), Ruminative Responses Scale (RRS), Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire-Chinese Version (CERQ-C), Family APGAR Index (APGAR), Brief Fear of Negative Evaluation Scale (BFNES).By bias score matching (PSM) for 1∶1 matching, univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis, and network analysis were conducted on the college students. Results College students with higher levels of ruminant thinking, non-adaptive emotional regulation and fear of negative appraisal were more likely to have highly aggressive behaviors(OR=1.14, 1.18, 1.06), and those with higher adaptive emotional regulation and family care index were more likely to have highly aggressive behaviors (OR=0.88, 0.82)(P < 0.01). Network structure was significantly different between the two groups (M=0.27, P < 0.05). The core affective factors of college students with high levels of aggressive behavior were brooding reflective pondering and symptom rumination(EI=3.50, 3.49, 3.48), low aggressive behavior college students core affective factors were adaptive emotion regulation growth and non-adaptive emotion regulation(EI=4.37, 4.12, 4.08). Conclusion Factors affecting Chinese college students' aggressive behaviors are of different characteristics on different behaviour types, and targeted interventions should be adopted to reduce aggressive behaviors of college students.
2025, 46(3): 364-367.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025074
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Objective To investigate the correlation between social jetlag and psychological behavior in upper primary school students, so as to provide reference for sleep health promotion in primary school students. Methods From April to June 2024, a survey was conducted among 4 341 fourth- and fifth-grade students from 9 public primary schools in a district in Beijing. Sleep patterns were assessed using a self-designed questionnaire, while psychological behavior was evaluated using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ)(parent version). A generalized estimating equation (GEE) model was used to examine the association between different levels of social jetlag and psychological behavior problem scores in primary school students. Results The proportions of students with social jetlag of < 1.0, 1.0- < 2.0, and ≥2.0 h were 57.6%, 30.6%, and 11.8%, respectively. The GEE model analysis found that after adjusting for covariates, compared with primary school students with social jetlag of < 1.0 h, those with 1.0- < 2.0 and ≥2.0 h had higher scores for internalizing behavior problems [β(95%CI) =0.23(0.05-0.41), 0.28(0.02-0.54), P < 0.01]. Primary school students with ≥2.0 h of social jetlag had higher scores for externalizing behavior problems [β(95%CI)=0.42 (0.13-0.71), P < 0.01]. Among boys and primary school students with an average nighttime sleep duration of ≥9 h, comparied with social jetlag of < 1.0 h, those with sucial jetlag 1.0- < 2.0 h had higher scores on internalizing and externalizing behavior problems[β(95%CI)=0.32(0.07-0.56), 0.51 (0.11-0.90), 0.26 (0.06-0.46), 0.58 (0.25-0.91), P < 0.05]. Conclusions Greater social jetlag may be a risk factor for internalizing and externalizing behavior problems in upper primary school students. Reducing social jetlag may help decrease the occurrence of psychological behavior problems in primary school students.
2025, 46(3): 368-371.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025091
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Objective To explore the relationship between psychological resilience and attention bias towards negative information in secondary vocational school students, so as to provide reference for developing their mental health work. Methods In May, 2024, 177 secondary vocational students were selected from the technical secondary vocational school by convenient sampling method. The experiment utilized a mixed experimental design of 2 (group: high psychological resilience group, low psychological resilience group) ×2 (type of stimulus: negative stimulus, neutral stimulus). Adolescents were divided into the high psychological resilience group (n=32) and the low psychological resilience group (n=31) based on their scores from the Adolescent Psychological Resilience Scale. Both groups completed the classical dot-probing task, with correct rate, reaction time serving and attention biasvalues as primary indicators to assess attention bias. Repeated measures ANOVA was used to compare the reaction time and accuracy of attention bias tasks between two groups of participants, and Pearson correlation analysis was performed on the five dimensions of psychological resilience and attention bias values. Results The low resilience group exhibited significantly faster response time to negative stimuli compared to neutral stimuli [(579.11±85.44, 586.13±78.92)ms, F(1, 61)=5.93, P < 0.05]. Additionally, the accuracy of responses to negative stimuli in the low resilience group was significantly lower than that of neutral stimuli [(0.93±0.12, 0.95±0.09), F(1, 61)=12.81, P < 0.01]. Attention bias values were significantly higher in the low resilience group (7.03±18.43) compared to the high resilience group (-2.54±13.39) (t=2.36, P < 0.05). Pearson correlation analysis revealed a marginally significant negative correlation between the interpersonal assistance (2.85±0.77) and attention bias values (2.20±16.65) (r=-0.25, P < 0.05). Conclusion Secondary vocational school students with low psychological resilience showed a significant attention bias towards negative emotional stimuli, which may render them more susceptible to such stimuli.
2025, 46(3): 372-376.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025075
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Objective To explore the association between sleep quality and cardiorespiratory fitness among secondary school students, so as to provide a reference for promoting the overall development of physical and mental health of Chinese adolescents. Methods From September to December 2023, 5 713 secondary school students aged 13 to 18 years were selected by the stratified cluster random sampling method from Shanghai, Suzhou, Taiyuan, Wuyuan, Xingyi, and Urumqi, respectively. Sleep quality and cardiorespiratory fitness level of secondary school students were evaluated by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI) combined with cardiorespiratory fitness test, and the association between sleep quality and cardiorespiratory fitness was analyzed by Pearson's correlation and multivariate linear regression. Results The report rate of poor sleep quality among secondary school students was 33.7%(1 926/5 713). The PSQI scores of girls aged 13-18 years were higher than those of boys (χ2=1.60, 12.78, 15.62, 3.04, 10.09, 13.65) (P < 0.05). The 20 m SRT of secondary school students was 40 (27, 51) times, and the VO2max was 46.27 (40. 84, 51.30) mL/(kg · min). The 20 m SRT and VO2max of girls of all ages were lower than those of boys(Z=-15.27 to -6.41, -18.06 to -14.07, P < 0.05). Cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2max) was negatively correlated with sleep duration and hypnotic medication scores in boys (r=-0.032, -0.005); VO2max was negatively correlated with sleep duration and daytime dysfunction scores in girls (r=-0.028, -0.008) (P < 0.05). After controlling the related variables, linear regression analysis showed that the total PSQI score was negatively correlated with VO2max among secondary school students(β=-0.347, P < 0.01). Conclusions Secondary school students with better sleep quality have higher levels of cardiorespiratory fitness. Sleep quality should be promoted to improve cardiorespiratory fitness levels in secondary school students.
Relationship of positive and negative peer events with mental health problems among college students
2025, 46(3): 377-381.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025072
Abstract:
Objective To understand relationship of positive and negative peer events with mental health problems among college students, so as to provide a scientific basis for improving mental health level of college students. Methods A total of 1 640 freshmen to juniors were randomly selected from two universities in Anhui Province from October to November 2023 by a combination of convenience sampling and cluster random sampling method. The positive and negative peer events, self-perceived loneliness and stress levels, anxiety and depression symptoms of students were investigated by using the questionnaire star online. Group comparisons were conducted by using analysis of variance and Chi-square test, and multivariate binary Logistic regression and linear regression were used to analyze relationship of positive and negative peer events with mental health problems among college students. Results About 35.4% of college students reported that they experienced at least one type of negative peer events, and 91.3% reported that they experienced at least one type of positive peer events. After controlling for covariates, multivariate regression analysis found that experiencing 1, ≥2 types of negative peer events were positively correlated with loneliness scores of college students (β=1.36, 4.04), as well as an increased risk of anxiety symptoms (OR=2.24, 4.33) and depression symptoms (OR=2.19, 4.01); and experiencing ≥2 types of negative peer events was positively correlated with stress scores of college students (β=1.12)(P < 0.05). Experiencing 5-6 and 7 types of positive peer events were negatively correlated with loneliness scores of college students (β=-1.79, -2.44) and stress (β=-0.75, -1.12); and experiencing 7 types of positive peer events were associated with a lower risk of anxiety symptoms (OR=0.74) and depressive symptoms (OR=0.80) (P < 0.05). The number of negative peer events was positively correlated with loneliness scores (β=0.80) and stress scores(β=0.24), as well as the risk of anxiety symptoms (OR=1.30) and depressive symptoms (OR=1.27) among college students (P < 0.05). The number of positive peer events involved was negatively correlated with loneliness scores(β=-0.39) and stress scores(β=-0.19), as well as the risk of anxiety (OR=0.92) and depressive symptoms (OR=0.93) among college students (P < 0.05). The analysis of the moderating effect found that in different groups of positive peer events, reporting 1, ≥2 negative peer events were positively correlated with loneliness scores of college students (β=1.08-4.96), as well as an increased risk of anxiety symptoms (OR=1.79-6.20) and depression symptoms (OR=1.78-6.77) (P < 0.05); and β and OR coefficients were highest in the group reporting 0-4 types of positive peer events, followed by the group reporting 5-6 types of positive peer events, with lowest coefficients in the group reporting 7 types of positive peer events. Conclusions Negative peer events are positively correlated with psychological problems in college students, and positive peer events are negatively correlated with mental health problems. Positive peer events could alleviate the impact of negative peer events on mental health problems.
2025, 46(3): 382-385.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025079
Abstract:
Objective To explore the relationship between stigma and mental resilience in adolescent epilepsy patients and associated factors, so as to provide reference for future psychological intervention in adolescent patients with epilepsy. Methods A total of 295 adolescent patients with epilepsy from Wuhan Mental Health Center were enrolled as participants from February 2021 to October 2024. The stigma was evaluated by Kilifi Stigma Scale for Epilepsy (KSSE), and psychological resilience was evaluated by Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). Associated factors of stigma and psychological resilience in adolescent patients with epilepsy were analyzed by multivariate Logistic regression analysis. Results In the adolescent patients with epilepsy, KSSE score was (10.90±4.13) points, with 138 cases (46.78%) at low level, 154 cases (52.20%) at moderate level and 3 cases (1.02%) at high level. CD-RISC score was (50.19±5.97) points, there were 170 cases (57.63%) at low level and 125 cases (42.37%) at high level. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that disease course >3 years (OR=2.22), family history of epilepsy (OR=4.18), monthly family income ≤5 000 yuan (OR=2.05), single parent family (OR=2.46) and middle and high stigma level (OR=1.72) had a higher risk on low level of mental resilience (P < 0.05). The course of disease >3 years (OR=2.20), family history of epilepsy (OR=3.54), general seizure (OR=2.12), monthly family income ≤5 000 yuan (OR=2.70), low level of mental resilience (OR=2.03) of adolescent epilepsy patients showed a high risk on moderate-high level of stigma (P < 0.05). Conclusions The stigma level is higher, while psychological resilience is lower in adolescent patients with epilepsy. Clinically, targeted intervention should be implemented based on related factors such as stigma in addescent patients with epilepsy.
2025, 46(3): 386-390.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025078
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the association of moderate to vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) and screen time (ST) with emotional and behavioral problems in middle school students, so as to provide a basis for improving the mental health level of adolescents. Methods Four public junior high schools in Jinshan District, Shanghai were selected by random cluster method from September 19 to October 18, 2023, with 779 first-grade students included. Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), as well as physical activity and screen time were collected. Binary Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the association between MVPA, ST and different dimensions of emotional and behavioral problems. Results Students with MVPA < 60 min/d accounted for 82.4%, and with ST>2 h/d accounted for 29.5%. The abnormal rate of SDQ dimensions among students ranged from 6.8% to 19.3%, with the highest abnormal rate observed in behavioral problems. The results of binary Logistic regression analysis showed that, compared with high level of MVPA, students with low level of MVPA had a significantly increased risk of developing problems in prosocial behavior [OR(95%CI)=2.16(1.37-3.41), P < 0.05]. Compared with low-level ST, students with high-level had an increased risk of experiencing emotional symptoms, behavioral problems and peer interaction problems [OR(95%CI)=2.00(1.25-3.22), 2.00(1.41-2.84), and 1.69(1.22-2.33), P < 0.05]. Compared with high MVPA and low ST, students with low MVPA and high ST had an increased risk of developing problems in the dimensions of conduct problems, prosocial behavior, and overall difficulty score [OR(95%CI)=1.92(1.13-3.23), 2.73(1.56-4.77), and 2.07(1.19-3.60), P < 0.05]. Conclusions Physical activity and screen time are related to emotional and behavioral problems in middle school students. Insufficient physical activity time and excessive screen time might increase the risk of emotional and behavioral problems. Interventions can be administered on physical activity and screen time among adolescents to promote their mental health.
2025, 46(3): 391-395.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025084
Abstract:
Objective To explore the association of latent profiles of mobile phone dependence and self-control with physical exercise among junior high school students, so as to provide references for the prevention of mobile phone dependence and the improvement of self-control among junior high school students. Methods From April to May 2024, a stratified random cluster sampling method was used to select a total of 2 311 students from grade 7 to grade 9 in three public junior high schools in Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture, Hunan Province. Latent profile analysis was conducted to identify the latent profiles of mobile phone dependence and self-control among junior high school students. Pearson correlation analysis was used to examine the correlation between mobile phone dependence and self-control, and Chi-square test was used to analyze the distribution differences of latent profiles of adolescents across different demographic characteristics. Multiple Logistic regression analysis was applied to explore the association between mobile phone dependence, self-control, and physical exercise. Results Four latent profiles of mobile phone dependence and self-control were identified: low dependence-moderate self-control group (n=885, 38.3%), moderate dependence-low self-control group (n=910, 39.4%), high dependence-no self-control group (n=232, 10.0%), and no dependence-high self-control group (n=284, 12.3%). Significant differences were observed in the distribution of latent profiles across gender, grade and only-child status (χ2=10.85, 35.72, 13.85, P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that, after controlling for demographic variables, compared with the low dependence-moderate self-control group, physical exercise was negatively associated with the moderate dependence-low self-control group (OR=0.79) and the high dependence-no self-control group (OR=0.81), while positively associated with the no dependence-high self-control group (OR=1.58) (P < 0.01). Conclusions The influence of physical exercise on junior high school students' different potential profile types of mobile phone dependence and self-control is different. Schools and families should adopt targeted physical exercise interventions based on the characteristics of different profiles to promote the physical and mental health of junior high school students.
2025, 46(3): 402-405.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025093
Abstract:
Objective To analyze factors impacting mental health status of medical students based on ecological systems theory, so as to provide reference for the mental health promotion system for medical students. Methods In June 2024, 1 760 medical school students randomly selected from 19 different kinds of medical colleges in eastern China by stratified cluster were surveyed using questionnaires and expert interviews. Descriptive statistics, cross-analysis, hierarchical linear regression analysis, structural equation models were used for data analysis. Results Medical school students had higher satisfaction with the school (65.85%) and a great sense of perceived social support (57.16%). Furthermore, 91.14% of the students had normal interpersonal relationships. However, 44.89% reported that their mental health was impacted by high level of depression. The hierarchical linear regression analysis showed that the mental health outcomes of the medical students were positively predicted by higher perceived social support scores (β=-11.40), institutional satisfaction (β=-4.85), and lower help-seeking stigma scores (β=9.31) (P < 0.05). The structural equation modeling showed that the status of both perceived social support and self-help-seeking stigma had significant impacts on depression severity (β=-0.32, -0.53) and interpersonal relationship sensitivity (β=-0.31, 0.58) among medical students (P < 0.01).Through expert interviews, collaborations between the school and the tripartite organization (families, universities and society) was of growing importance. Conclusions Perceived social support and self-stigma have a significant impact on the mental health status of medical students. The problem of self-stigma of medical students should be paid attention to. Therefore, families, universities and society should work together to improve the mental health of medical students.
2025, 46(3): 396-401.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025088
Abstract:
Objective To systematically evaluate the effects of postnatal cadmium exposure on children's pubertal and physical development, so as to provide reference for the latter research on cadmium exposure. Methods A computer search of PubMed, EBSCO, Web of Science, OVID, CNKI, WanFang, VIP and CBM database were conducted to collect relevant studies, and the search period was from the time of database construction to 27 February 2024. Two reviewers independently screened the literature, extracted data and evaluated the risk of bias of the included studies, and used GRADE to assess the certainty of the evidence for each outcome. Meta-analysis of the risk ratio (HR) for the occurrence of menarche was performed using Stata 17.0 software, and the results were summarized qualitatively for other indicators. Results A total of 6 cohort studies were included, comprising four pubertal development and two physical development studies with a total of 2 899 children. Studies of cadmium exposure and menarche in girls all found that late menarche in children with higher urinary cadmium concentrations (HR=0.86, 95%CI=0.74-0.99, P < 0.05; 3 studies; moderate-certainty evidence), and one of these studies found no statistically significant effect of cadmium exposure on breast and pubic hair development in children (aOR=0.90, 95%CI=0.72-1.14; aOR=0.85, 95%CI=0.64-1.13, P>0.05; low-quality evidence); the only study testicular volume, external genitalia and pubic hair development in boys found on effects of urinary cadmium exposure on pubertal development (aOR=0.76, 95%CI=0.50-1.15; aOR=1.07, 95%CI=0.79-1.45; aOR=0.79, 95%CI=0.51-1.23, P>0.05; low-certainty evidence). Regarding the effects of cadmium exposure on children's height and weight (2 studies, low-certainty evidence), the results of one study showed that cadmium exposure was negatively associated with children's physical growth (multivariable-adjusted attributable differences in height and weight study, being -1.60 cm, 95%CI=-2.40 to -0.77 cm; and -0.57 kg, 95%CI=-0.88 to -0.26 kg, P < 0.05), while the other showed no effect of cadmium exposure on children's height and weight (F=1.35, 1.76, P>0.05), but a negative effect on head and chest circumference (F=3.43, 4.50, P < 0.05; low-certainty evidence). Conclusion Cadmium exposure in childhood causes delayed menarche in girls and affects physical growth to some extent.
2025, 46(3): 412-415.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025071
Abstract:
Objective To understand the growth and development levels of four physical measurements in children aged 3-6 years in China, so as to provide a reference for child nutrition improvement and health promotion. Methods A stratified random sampling method was used to collect physical measurement data from 120 kindergartens 25 842 children aged 3-6 years across 24 provinces and cities in seven natural geographical regions of North China, Northeast China, East China, Central China, South China, Southwest China and Northwest China from 2020 to 2023. The development levels of head circumference, chest circumference, waist circumference, and hip circumference were evaluated using a grading method. The analysis of gender and age differences was conducted using Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis test, and the comparison of abnormal detection rates for different genders was conducted using Chi-square test. Results The distribution range of children aged 3-6 was 51.74(50.08, 53.33) cm in terms of head circumference, 55.73(52.09, 59.04) cm in terms of chest circumference, 53.04(48.92, 56.40) cm in terms of waist circumference, and 59.36(56.30, 62.32) cm in terms of hip circumference. The detection rate of abnormal head circumference in boys and girls aged 3-6 years old was relatively high (19.71%-42.02%), and the detection rate of abnormal physical circumference development levels in boys was higher than that in girls of all ages (χ2=5.63-83.35, P < 0.05). The detection rate of abnormal hip circumference (4.89%-6.53%) and chest circumference (4.51%-6.38%) in boys and girls aged 3-6 was relatively low, and there was no statistically significant difference in the abnormal rate between different ages and genders (χ2=0.00-1.61, 0.00-3.71, P>0.05). The detection rate of abnormal waist circumference in boys and girls aged 3-6 was relatively high (13.70%-42.45%), and the detection rate of abnormal waist circumference in girls was higher than that in boys aged 4-6 groups (χ2=10.49-58.18, P < 0.05). Conclusions The overall physical development of children aged 3-6 years in China is improving, but the abnormal detection rates for head circumference and waist circumference are relatively high. Child healthcare should focus on preventing and treating abdominal obesity, with differentiated health intervention strategies based on different age groups and genders.
2025, 46(3): 416-420.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025066
Abstract:
Objective To analyze the time-varying characteristics of weight among Han primary and secondary school students in Xinjiang from 1985 to 2019, so as to provide a scientific basis for formulating nutrition policies for adolescents in ethnic minority areas. Methods Weight data of Han primary and secondary school students aged 7-18 in Xinjiang from the National Student Physical Fitness and Health Survey from 1985 to 2019 were selected. Statistical analysis was conducted by using general linear model test, one-way ANOVA and t-test. The weight development trends in 2025 and 2030 were predicted through time-series analysis. Results From 1985 to 2019, the weight of Han Chinese boys and girls from primary and secondary schools in Xinjiang showed a continuous upward trend (boys: B=0.25, girls: B=0.16, P < 0.01). There were statistically significant differences in weight between boys and girls aged 7-18 in different years (boys: F=102.35-142.05, girls: F=98.03-140.59, P < 0.01). Compared with 1985, the weight of urban boys and girls increased by 11.92 and 7.95 kg in 2019, as well as rural boys and girls by 11.36 and 5.61 kg, and the average weight gain of urban students was greater than that of rural students. From 1985 to 2019, the weight of urban boys and girls were higher than that of rural boys and girls (boys: t=30.12-37.55, girls: t=30.12-38.64, P < 0.01). In 2005, the weight difference between urban and rural boys and girls was the largest, at 4.23 and 2.32 kg. The average weight of boys and girls in the age groups of 7-18 would continue to increase in 2025 and 2030; compared with 2019, the 7-year-old age group for boys and the 17-year-old age group for girls would have the largest growth in 2030 by 2.29 and 3.75 kg. Conclusions From 1985 to 2019, the weight of students aged 7-18 in Xinjiang showed an upward trend, and the weights of both boys and girls would gradually increase in 2025 and 2030. Attention should be paid to students' physical health and adopt comprehensive measures to prevente overweight and obesity.
2025, 46(3): 406-411.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025089
Abstract:
Objective To evaluate the prevalence and future trend of change of the disease burden of injuries in Chinese children and adolescents from 1990 to 2021, so as to provide reference for injury prevention and control in this population. Methods Using data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2021 (GBD 2021), the trend of change in the disease burden of injuries in children and adolescents in China from 1990 to 2021 was analyzed by the Joinpoint regression model. The Bayesian age period cohort model (BAPC) was used to predict the disease burden of injuries among children and adolescents in China from 2022 to 2031. Results From 1990 to 2021, the standardized incidence rate, standardized prevalence rate, standardized mortality rate, and standardized disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) rate of injuries among children and adolescents in China showed an overall downward trend (AAPC=-1.14%, -0.76%, -5.41%, -5.03%, P < 0.05). For different genders, the standardized incidence rate (7 106.00/100 000, 5 388.00/100 000), standardized mortality rate (92.00/100 000, 19.00/100 000), and standardized DALYs rate (7 834.00/100 000, 1 673.00/100 000) of injuries in boys were higher than the rate of injuries in girls in 1990 and 2021 (5 188.00/100 000, 3 874.00/100 000; 61.00/100 000, 10.00/100 000; 5 398.00/100 000, 945.00/100 000). Compared with Asia and globally, China had the fastest decline in the standardized mortality rate (AAPC=-5.41) and the slowest decline in the standardized prevalence rate (AAPC=-0.76) among children and adolescents. The results of the Joinpoint burden trend analysis demonstrated that the standardized incidence rate of injuries showed an increasing trend from 2005 to 2021, and the standardized prevalence rate of injuries showed an increasing trend from 2006 to 2021. Among the different age groups, the disease burden of injuries was highest in the 15-19-year-old group in 2021. For different types of injuries, the standardized incidence rate, standardized mortality rate, and standardized DALYs rate of unintentional injury were higher than those of transport injury, and self-harm and interpersonal violence from 1990 to 2021. The BAPC prediction model showed that the standardized incidence rate (4 833.05/100 000-5 313.70/100 000) and standardized prevalence rate (5 433.90/100 000-5 821.88/100 000) of injury showed an increasing trend, and the standardized mortality rate (13.69/100 000-5.52/100 000) and the standardized DALYs rate (1 226.37/100 000-510.14/100 000) showed a decreasing trend during 2022-2031. The analysis of influencing factors found that children and adolescents who drank alcohol were at high risk of injury burden. Conclusions From 1990 to 2021, the injury burden of children and adolescents in China generally showed a downward trend. The standardized incidence rate and standardized prevalence rate of injuries are predicted to increase from 2022 to 2031. More targeted and individualized intervention measures should be developed to reduce the injury burden in children and adolescents.
2025, 46(3): 421-425.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025067
Abstract:
Objective To evaluate the accuracy of body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) in screening true obesity among children, so as to provide a scientific basis for precise screening and early prevention and control of childhood obesity. Methods A total of 1 322 children aged 10-15 years old were surveyed by the Huantai Children Cardiovascular Health Cohort in 2021. Fat mass percentage (FMP) and fat mass index (FMI) were measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis, with FMP or FMI values at or above the age- and sex-specific 70th percentiles as the criteria for defining true obesity. BMI, WC and WHtR were used to define general obesity and central obesity. The accuracy of these measures in screening for true obesity was evaluated by calculating the missed diagnosis rate, misdiagnosis rate, area under the curve(AUC) for receiver operating characteristic and Kappa coefficient. Results Boys had higher BMI [(21.79±4.56) kg/m2], WC [(76.41±12.53) cm] and WHtR (0.47±0.07) than girls [(20.83±4.13) kg/m2, (70.69±10.06) cm, (0.45±0.06)] (t=4.02, 9.19, 6.63), while boys had lower FMP [(18.29±8.35)%] and FMI [(4.35±2.79) kg/m2] than girls [(24.87±6.51)%, (5.44±2.53) kg/m2] (t=-16.10, -7.42) (P < 0.01). Using FMP as a reference standard, the diagnosis error rates of screening for true obesity based on BMI, WC and WHtR were 12.24%, 2.11% and 2.11%, respectively; the diagnosis error rates were 10.88%, 27.28% and 24.33%; the AUC values were 0.88, 0.85 and 0.87; the Kappa coefficients were 0.67, 0.48 and 0.52. Using FMI as a reference standard, rates of BMI, WC and WHtR screening for true obesity were 14.20%, 1.23% and 2.78%; the diagnosis error rates were 4.81%, 20.84% and 18.14%; the AUC values were 0.90, 0.89 and 0.90; the Kappa coefficients were 0.81, 0.64 and 0.67. Conclusions BMI has a higher diagnosis error rate in screening for true obesity in children, while WC and WHtR have higher diagnosis error rates. It is recommended to promote body fat assessment in clinical practice, so as to achieve more accurate prevention and control of chronic diseases.
2025, 46(3): 426-430.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025082
Abstract:
Objective To analyze the temporal variation patterns of sickness absenteeism among primary and secondary school students in Shanghai, so as to explore models suitable for predicting peaks and intensity of absenteeism rates. Methods The seasonal and trend decomposition using loess (STL) method was used to analyze the seasonal and long-term trend changes in sickness absenteeism among primary and secondary school students from September 1 in 2010 to June 30 in 2018, in Shanghai. A hierarchical clustering method based on Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) was employed to classify absenteeism symptoms with similar temporal patterns. Based on historical data, the study constructed and evaluated different time series algorithms and machine learning models to optimize the accuracy of predicting the trend of sickness absenteeism. Results During the research period, the average new absenteeism rate due to illness was 16.86 per 10 000 person-day for every academic year, and the trend of sickness absenteeism exhibited both seasonality and a long-term upward trend, reaching its highest point in the 2017 academic year (22.47 per 10 000 person-day). The symptoms of absenteeism were divided into three categories: high incidence in winter and spring (respiratory symptoms, fever and general discomfort, etc.), high incidence in summer (eye symptoms, nosebleeds, etc.) and those without obvious seasonality (skin symptoms, accidental injuries, etc.).The constructed time series models effectively predicted the trend of absenteeism due to illness, although the accuracy of predicting peak intensity was relatively low. Among them, the multi-layer perceptron (MLP) model performed the best, with an root mean squared error (RMSE) of 8.96 and an mean absolute error (MAE) of 4.37, reducing 36.51% and 39.02% compared to the baseline model. Conclusion Time series models and machine learning algorithms could effectively predict the trend of sickness absenteeism, and corresponding prevention and control measures can be taken for absenteeism caused by different symptoms during peak periods.
2025, 46(3): 431-434.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025068
Abstract:
Objective To explore the relationship between visual acuity and physical fitness of university freshmen, so as to provide reference for myopia prevention and control for freshmen. Methods From October to November 2022, 2 160 college freshman without majoring in public safety administration, selected from Guangxi Police College in 2022 by using the stratified cluster random sampling method, were reviewed for the results of visual acuity test and physical fitness scores. The physical fitness indices were evaluated by using the Z-scores of physical fitness test scores, and the strength of association between the level of physical fitness index and myopia was analyzed by using Logistic regression model. Results Among 2 160 college freshman without majoring in public safety administration, 917 (42.5%) students were diagnosed screening myopia, including 66 (3.1%) cases of high myopia, 383 (17.7%) cases of moderate myopia and 468 (21.7%) cases of mild myopia. The differences in the distribution of visual acuity tests among students with different physical fitness indices, body mass index, and gender were statistically significant (Z/H=54.50, 49.53, 15.51, P < 0.01). Low-level and low-middle-level physical fitness indices were associated with screening myopia among freshmen[OR(95%CI)=2.81(1.93-4.08), 1.87(1.38-2.54)], and low-level physical fitness indexes were associated with high myopia [OR(95%CI)=7.22(2.33-22.32)] (P < 0.01). Conclusions Screening myopia among college freshman without majoring in public safety administration is related to physical fitness, and low-level and low-middle-level physical fitness index are risk factors for myopia. Improving the level of physical fitness might be effective in preventing myopia.
2025, 46(3): 435-437.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024330
Abstract:
Objective To analyze respiratory syncytial virus(RSV) outbreaks surveillance results and the epidemiological characteristics in kindergarten and school in Shenzhen during 2017-2023, so as to provide a scientific reference for control and prevention of RSV. Methods Epidemiological data and surveillance results of RSV outbreaks in kindergarten and school from 2017 to 2023 were collected for descriptive analyses. Results A total of 31 RSV outbreaks were identified in kindergarten and school in 2017-2023 in Shenzhen, 346 cases were reported, the average incidence rate was 22.02%. The most annual RSV outbreaks were reported in 2020 with 14 outbreaks, followed by 8 outbreaks in 2023. A total of 64.52% of RSV outbreaks were identified in kindergarten with rest occurring in primary school or middle school. The greatest monthly count of outbreak was 18 (58.06%) in September, followed by 3 outbreaks (9.68%) in March and October. A total of 244 swab samples were collected, 169 samples were positive for respiratory viruses, the positive rate was 69.26%, 121 samples were positive for RSV, from 31 respiratory syncytical virus outbreaks 57 and samples were positive for other respiratory viruses(9 samples were positive for two respiratory viruses). A toral of 14(45.16%) outbreaks are caused by RSV alone, 17 outbreaks (54.84%) were caused by RSV and other respiratory viruses. Conclusions Most RSV outbreaks in kindergarten and school are reported after 2020 in Shenzhen, most RSV outbreaks occur in kindergarten, peak seasons of RSV outbreaks are autumn and spring.
2025, 46(3): 438-442.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025081
Abstract:
Objective To construct a scientific and perfect evaluation index system of infectious disease prevention and control ability in colleges and universities, so as to provide reference tools for colleges and universities to effectively respond to infectious disease. Methods The initial framework of the evaluation index system of infectious disease prevention and control ability in colleges and universities was constructed by using literature analysis method. Experts familiar with infectious disease prevention and control or school health work were selected to conduct two rounds(n=16, 18) of Delphi expert consultation for determining the evaluation index system. Analytical hierarchy process was used to calculate the index weights and combined weights. About 198 prevention and control personnel were conveniently selected from 3 universities in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region to comprehensively evaluate the evaluation indicators by using fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. Results After two rounds of Delphi consultation questionnaire, the effective recovery rates were 80.0% and 90.0%, the expert authority levels were 0.89 and 0.86, the expert harmony coefficients for Kendall W were 0.166 and 0.310, and the variation coefficient of each index was < 0.25. Finally, the evaluation index system of infectious disease prevention and control ability of colleges and universities included 4 first-level indicators, 14 second-level indicators and 75 third-level indicators. The weights of prevention and monitoring and early warning, organizational system guarantee, emergency management, rehabilitation and summary were 0.176, 0.476, 0.268 and 0.080, respectively. The top 3 weights of the secondary indexes were 0.623 for infectious disease surveillance and early warning, 0.595 for loss assessment and 0.370 for emergency response. The score of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation of the index system of infectious disease prevention and control ability in colleges and universities was 79.148, suggesting a high level. Conclusion The established evaluation index system of infectious disease prevention and control ability in colleges and universities is scientific and reasonable, which is conducive to provide tool reference for the evaluation of infectious disease prevention and control ability in colleges and universities.
2025, 46(3): 443-446.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025051
Abstract:
Objective To understand the current situation and related factors of screening myopia among students in special education schools, so as to provide evidence for promoting the health level of this population. Methods From November 2021 to December 2023, a total of 281 students from 6 special education schools in 5 districts of Tianjin were selected by cluster random sampling method for computer optometry visual acuity examination for non-ciliary paralysis and questionnaire survey. Multiple Logistic regression was performed to analyze the influencing factors of screening myopia among special education students. Results The screening myopia detection rate among these special education students in Tianjin was 27.0%, and the screening myopia detection rates of students with autism, developmental delays, and intellectual disabilities were 22.4%, 12.5%, and 33.0%, respectively. The degree of myopia increased with age (χtrend2=22.65, P < 0.01). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age(10-13 years old: OR=5.40, 14-17 years old: OR=8.40, 18-23 years old: OR=6.02), accommodation(non-resident: OR=0.29), daily mobile phone usage ≥2 hours (OR=2.37), and daily computer/tablet usage ≥2 hours (OR=2.70) were the risk factors for screening myopia among special education students (P < 0.05). Conclusions The detection rate and degree of screening myopia increase with age in special education students. Prolonged screen time exposure is a primary risk factor for screening myopia in special education students. Effective myopia prevention and control strategies should be designed according to the characteristics of special education students.
2025, 46(3): 447-451.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025076
Abstract:
School garden education is not only a planting activity, but also an experiential, interdisciplinary, innovative and learning model that integrates gardening and outdoor activities into the school curriculum. The research summarizes the relevant literature at home and abroad and concludes that, by participating in the practical activities of vegetable gardens, children and adolescents could enhance their environmental awareness, promote the formation of healthy eating habits, enhance their hands-on ability and physical activities, and at the same time make them develop positively in their sense of responsibility and social emotions.
School garden education is not only a planting activity, but also an experiential, interdisciplinary, innovative and learning model that integrates gardening and outdoor activities into the school curriculum. The research summarizes the relevant literature at home and abroad and concludes that, by participating in the practical activities of vegetable gardens, children and adolescents could enhance their environmental awareness, promote the formation of healthy eating habits, enhance their hands-on ability and physical activities, and at the same time make them develop positively in their sense of responsibility and social emotions.
2025, 46(3): 452-456.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025085
Abstract:
Family is the primary living place of children and adolescents, which has important impacts on children and adolescents' physical activity. The article systematically reviews the research progress on potential mechanisms of family influence on physical activities of children and adolescents, focusing on the theoretical mechanism of intergenerational transmission on parent-child physical activities, which includes family's role in children's motivation and achievement for exercise behaviors, the integrative model of parental socialization influence and integrated model of physical activity parenting. It provides new perspectives for future research in related fields and gives more suggestions and reference for subsequent development of family enhancement programs and family-school collaborative programs.
Family is the primary living place of children and adolescents, which has important impacts on children and adolescents' physical activity. The article systematically reviews the research progress on potential mechanisms of family influence on physical activities of children and adolescents, focusing on the theoretical mechanism of intergenerational transmission on parent-child physical activities, which includes family's role in children's motivation and achievement for exercise behaviors, the integrative model of parental socialization influence and integrated model of physical activity parenting. It provides new perspectives for future research in related fields and gives more suggestions and reference for subsequent development of family enhancement programs and family-school collaborative programs.
2021, 42(9): 1281-1282.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.09.001
摘要：
根据国务院1987年同意建立的全国学生体质与健康调研制度, 2019年, 教育部等部署开展了第八次全国学生体质与健康调研工作。发现中国学生体质与健康状况总体有所改善, 并提出了促进学生体质与健康水平提高的主要因素, 针对本次调研发现的问题提出以下相关安排: 全面加强和改进学校体育工作、落实学校卫生与健康教育政策要求、持续综合防控儿童青少年近视、实施全国健康学校建设计划。
根据国务院1987年同意建立的全国学生体质与健康调研制度, 2019年, 教育部等部署开展了第八次全国学生体质与健康调研工作。发现中国学生体质与健康状况总体有所改善, 并提出了促进学生体质与健康水平提高的主要因素, 针对本次调研发现的问题提出以下相关安排: 全面加强和改进学校体育工作、落实学校卫生与健康教育政策要求、持续综合防控儿童青少年近视、实施全国健康学校建设计划。
2018, 39(2): 170-173.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2018.02.005
摘要：
编制适合我国使用的青少年非自杀性自伤行为评定问卷,并对其信效度进行评价,为更好地了解我国青少年非自杀性自杀行为提供工具.方法 自行编制青少年非自杀性自伤行为评定问卷.采用分层整群抽样方法,选取沈阳、郑州、南昌和深圳部分在校初、高中学生,共15 096人进行问卷调查.通过同质信度、分半信度、结构效度等评价问卷的信效度.选取合肥市某中学94名学生使用自残功能性评估问卷(Functional Assessment of Self-mutilation,FASM)作为校标问卷进行调查,考察问卷的效标关联效度.结果 青少年非自杀性自伤行为评定问卷分为行为问卷(12个条目)和功能问卷(19个条目)2部分.行为问卷的Cronbachα系数为0.921,分半信度为0.851,重测信度为0.843,累计方差贡献率为64.914%,与校标问卷FASM行为维度得分的相关系数r=0.833(P<0.01).功能问卷总分的Cronbach α系数为0.905,分半信度为0.786,重测信度为0.805,累计方差贡献率为53.871%,与校标问卷FASM功能维度得分的相关系数r=0.859(P<0.01).结论 青少年非自杀性自伤行为评定问卷具有较好的信效度,可作为我国青少年非自杀性自伤行为和功能的评定工具.
编制适合我国使用的青少年非自杀性自伤行为评定问卷,并对其信效度进行评价,为更好地了解我国青少年非自杀性自杀行为提供工具.方法 自行编制青少年非自杀性自伤行为评定问卷.采用分层整群抽样方法,选取沈阳、郑州、南昌和深圳部分在校初、高中学生,共15 096人进行问卷调查.通过同质信度、分半信度、结构效度等评价问卷的信效度.选取合肥市某中学94名学生使用自残功能性评估问卷(Functional Assessment of Self-mutilation,FASM)作为校标问卷进行调查,考察问卷的效标关联效度.结果 青少年非自杀性自伤行为评定问卷分为行为问卷(12个条目)和功能问卷(19个条目)2部分.行为问卷的Cronbachα系数为0.921,分半信度为0.851,重测信度为0.843,累计方差贡献率为64.914%,与校标问卷FASM行为维度得分的相关系数r=0.833(P<0.01).功能问卷总分的Cronbach α系数为0.905,分半信度为0.786,重测信度为0.805,累计方差贡献率为53.871%,与校标问卷FASM功能维度得分的相关系数r=0.859(P<0.01).结论 青少年非自杀性自伤行为评定问卷具有较好的信效度,可作为我国青少年非自杀性自伤行为和功能的评定工具.
2019, 40(1): 83-85.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2019.01.022
摘要：
探讨不同强度体育锻炼对提升高校学生心理健康和心理韧性的效果,为大学生体育教学改革提供相关研究资料.方法 按照整群抽样的原则,选取武汉职业技术学院1 546名大一学生作为研究对象,利用SCL-90自评量表和青少年心理韧性量表进行调查.将学生按班级分为对照1,2,3组和观察组,其中对照1组390名,按照常规体育课程进行锻炼;对照2组385名,给予小运动强度锻炼;对照3组387名,给予大强度体育锻炼;观察组384名,给予中等强度锻炼.结果 干预后,观察组大学生SCL-90量表中躯体化、强迫、人际敏感、抑郁、焦虑、偏执得分明显优于对照1组、2组以及3组(F值分别为3.57,3.33,4.27,5.28,3.82,4.29,P值均<0.01);心理韧性调查表得分观察组明显优于对照1,2组,差异有统计学意义(P值均<0.01).观察组学生认为体育锻炼可对社交、身心健康、精神解脱以及自我磨炼等产生良好的影响,与其余组别学生得分差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05).结论 中等强度的体育锻炼可有效提升高校学生心理健康和心理韧性,值得关注.
探讨不同强度体育锻炼对提升高校学生心理健康和心理韧性的效果,为大学生体育教学改革提供相关研究资料.方法 按照整群抽样的原则,选取武汉职业技术学院1 546名大一学生作为研究对象,利用SCL-90自评量表和青少年心理韧性量表进行调查.将学生按班级分为对照1,2,3组和观察组,其中对照1组390名,按照常规体育课程进行锻炼;对照2组385名,给予小运动强度锻炼;对照3组387名,给予大强度体育锻炼;观察组384名,给予中等强度锻炼.结果 干预后,观察组大学生SCL-90量表中躯体化、强迫、人际敏感、抑郁、焦虑、偏执得分明显优于对照1组、2组以及3组(F值分别为3.57,3.33,4.27,5.28,3.82,4.29,P值均<0.01);心理韧性调查表得分观察组明显优于对照1,2组,差异有统计学意义(P值均<0.01).观察组学生认为体育锻炼可对社交、身心健康、精神解脱以及自我磨炼等产生良好的影响,与其余组别学生得分差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05).结论 中等强度的体育锻炼可有效提升高校学生心理健康和心理韧性,值得关注.
2020, 41(2): 166-168,172.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2020.02.002
摘要：
儿童青少年近视防控是一项系统工程,需要政府主导、全社会共同努力.为扎实推进近视防控工作,普及近视防控的适宜技术,国家卫生健康委员会颁布实施了《儿童青少年近视防控适宜技术指南》(简称《指南》).本文围绕《指南》的背景、意义和主要内容等方面进行解读,以提高公共卫生专业工作者和关注儿童青少年近视防控工作相关人员对《指南》内容的理解.
儿童青少年近视防控是一项系统工程,需要政府主导、全社会共同努力.为扎实推进近视防控工作,普及近视防控的适宜技术,国家卫生健康委员会颁布实施了《儿童青少年近视防控适宜技术指南》(简称《指南》).本文围绕《指南》的背景、意义和主要内容等方面进行解读,以提高公共卫生专业工作者和关注儿童青少年近视防控工作相关人员对《指南》内容的理解.
2020, 41(10): 1583-1587.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2020.10.040
摘要：
大学生体质下降现已成为一项严峻的全球性社会问题,受到各国政府的高度重视和研究人员的密切关注,而身体活动量减少是造成大学生体质健康水平下降的直接原因.影响大学生身体活动量减少的因素较多,其中不良生活方式是较为重要的原因,健康生活方式对包括柔韧、肌肉力量、耐力、体质量指数(BMI)等身体健康指标,以及舒张压、收缩压、三酰甘油、总胆固醇等冠心病危险因素均有积极影响[1].本文拟对国内外大学生生活方式与体质健康水平研究现状进行梳理与分析,了解生活方式对大学生体质健康影响情况及干预策略,以期为我国大学生体质改善提供指导.
大学生体质下降现已成为一项严峻的全球性社会问题,受到各国政府的高度重视和研究人员的密切关注,而身体活动量减少是造成大学生体质健康水平下降的直接原因.影响大学生身体活动量减少的因素较多,其中不良生活方式是较为重要的原因,健康生活方式对包括柔韧、肌肉力量、耐力、体质量指数(BMI)等身体健康指标,以及舒张压、收缩压、三酰甘油、总胆固醇等冠心病危险因素均有积极影响[1].本文拟对国内外大学生生活方式与体质健康水平研究现状进行梳理与分析,了解生活方式对大学生体质健康影响情况及干预策略,以期为我国大学生体质改善提供指导.
2018, 39(11): 1605-1608,1612.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2018.11.002
摘要：
为切实加强新时代儿童青少年近视防控工作,教育部、国家卫生健康委员会等八部门于近日颁布实施《综合防控儿童青少年近视实施方案》(以下简称《实施方案》),将防控儿童青少年近视上升为国家战略.该文阐述了《实施方案》的出台背景、政策亮点和重要部署,以及教育部等八部门、各省份和地方教育系统对《实施方案》的贯彻落实情况.提出下一步综合防控儿童青少年近视的重点任务为以问题导向和目标导向为指引,狠抓工作落实,强化考核刚性约束,完善“政府主导、部门协同、专家指导、科研支撑、学校参与、家庭支持、社会共治”的综合防控体系.
为切实加强新时代儿童青少年近视防控工作,教育部、国家卫生健康委员会等八部门于近日颁布实施《综合防控儿童青少年近视实施方案》(以下简称《实施方案》),将防控儿童青少年近视上升为国家战略.该文阐述了《实施方案》的出台背景、政策亮点和重要部署,以及教育部等八部门、各省份和地方教育系统对《实施方案》的贯彻落实情况.提出下一步综合防控儿童青少年近视的重点任务为以问题导向和目标导向为指引,狠抓工作落实,强化考核刚性约束,完善“政府主导、部门协同、专家指导、科研支撑、学校参与、家庭支持、社会共治”的综合防控体系.
2019, 40(4): 542-545.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2019.04.018
摘要：
探讨运动干预对焦虑女大学生睡眠质量的影响,以及负性情绪在运动干预影响睡眠质量中的中介效应,为指导睡眠障碍患者的康复提供参考.方法 以北京师范大学70名焦虑女大学生为研究对象,随机分为实验组(34名)和对照组(36名);实验组进行8周有氧运动与瑜伽训练结合的干预,对照组在相同时间正常学习生活不进行规律运动;采用匹兹堡睡眠质量量表(PSQI)、正性负性情绪量表(PANAS)、焦虑自评量表(SAS),评估被试运动干预前后的睡眠与负性情绪水平.结果 运动干预后,实验组睡眠质量(4.31±1.26)、焦虑(36.41±7.32)和负性情绪(2.37±0.50)得分较干预前[(8.41±3.11)(53.76±2.70)(2.79±0.59)]均显著改善(P值均<0.01),而对照组干预前后差异无统计学意义(P值均>0.05).中介效应检验显示,负性情绪在运动对睡眠质量的影响中起部分中介作用(t=6.77,P<0.01).结论 运动干预显著改善了焦虑女大学生睡眠质量和负性情绪水平,负性情绪在运动改善睡眠质量过程中起部分中介作用.
探讨运动干预对焦虑女大学生睡眠质量的影响,以及负性情绪在运动干预影响睡眠质量中的中介效应,为指导睡眠障碍患者的康复提供参考.方法 以北京师范大学70名焦虑女大学生为研究对象,随机分为实验组(34名)和对照组(36名);实验组进行8周有氧运动与瑜伽训练结合的干预,对照组在相同时间正常学习生活不进行规律运动;采用匹兹堡睡眠质量量表(PSQI)、正性负性情绪量表(PANAS)、焦虑自评量表(SAS),评估被试运动干预前后的睡眠与负性情绪水平.结果 运动干预后,实验组睡眠质量(4.31±1.26)、焦虑(36.41±7.32)和负性情绪(2.37±0.50)得分较干预前[(8.41±3.11)(53.76±2.70)(2.79±0.59)]均显著改善(P值均<0.01),而对照组干预前后差异无统计学意义(P值均>0.05).中介效应检验显示,负性情绪在运动对睡眠质量的影响中起部分中介作用(t=6.77,P<0.01).结论 运动干预显著改善了焦虑女大学生睡眠质量和负性情绪水平,负性情绪在运动改善睡眠质量过程中起部分中介作用.
2018, 39(1): 6-8,12.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2018.01.002
摘要：
我国儿童青少年的近视发病率居高不下,并呈低龄化的趋势,流行形势非常严峻,其中环境因素是近视病因研究的热点.本文对国内外儿童青少年近距离用眼、户外活动、睡眠时长、照明条件、饮食习惯等与近视发生的关系进行文献研究和分析,提出了针对社会、学校、家庭、学生和特殊个体不同角度的干预策略,以最大限度地保护儿童青少年的视力.
我国儿童青少年的近视发病率居高不下,并呈低龄化的趋势,流行形势非常严峻,其中环境因素是近视病因研究的热点.本文对国内外儿童青少年近距离用眼、户外活动、睡眠时长、照明条件、饮食习惯等与近视发生的关系进行文献研究和分析,提出了针对社会、学校、家庭、学生和特殊个体不同角度的干预策略,以最大限度地保护儿童青少年的视力.
2019, 40(2): 206-209.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2019.02.013
摘要：
了解江苏省大学生体育锻炼参与现状及影响因素,为促进大学生体质健康发展提供参考.方法 分层整群抽取江苏省12所高校2 643名大学生进行体育锻炼参与行为的问卷调查.结果 仅有2.3%(60/2 643)的大学生每周上体育课课时数≥3学时,29.9%(790名)每周参与课外体育锻炼次数≥3次,14.8%(391名)每天参与体育锻炼时间≥lh,23.0%(609名)掌握的运动技能项数≥3项,45.7%(1 208名)未参加体育社团,17.8%(471名)参与校外体育俱乐部等社会体育组织;40.1%(1 059名)的学生认为体育课程内容缺乏趣味性,31.9%(845名)的学生不喜欢体育教师或其授课方式,19.4%(514名)认为缺乏体育场地或器材,21.1%(558名)认为体育锻炼对学习效果没影响,28.9%(764名)认为体育课程及相关活动对就业没有影响,17.1%(451名)认为体育成绩好坏不影响在校评优和进步;大学生体育锻炼参与行为现状及不喜欢体育锻炼原因的性别、年级和地区差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05).单因素Logistic回归分析显示,性别、年级、地区、课程内容缺乏趣味性、不喜欢体育教师的授课方式、缺乏体育场地或器材是江苏省大学生体育锻炼参与行为的影响因素(P值均<0.05).结论 江苏省大学生体育锻炼参与行为现状情况不容乐观,促进大学生体育锻炼参与行为需要社会、学校和个人兼容并济,共同努力.
了解江苏省大学生体育锻炼参与现状及影响因素,为促进大学生体质健康发展提供参考.方法 分层整群抽取江苏省12所高校2 643名大学生进行体育锻炼参与行为的问卷调查.结果 仅有2.3%(60/2 643)的大学生每周上体育课课时数≥3学时,29.9%(790名)每周参与课外体育锻炼次数≥3次,14.8%(391名)每天参与体育锻炼时间≥lh,23.0%(609名)掌握的运动技能项数≥3项,45.7%(1 208名)未参加体育社团,17.8%(471名)参与校外体育俱乐部等社会体育组织;40.1%(1 059名)的学生认为体育课程内容缺乏趣味性,31.9%(845名)的学生不喜欢体育教师或其授课方式,19.4%(514名)认为缺乏体育场地或器材,21.1%(558名)认为体育锻炼对学习效果没影响,28.9%(764名)认为体育课程及相关活动对就业没有影响,17.1%(451名)认为体育成绩好坏不影响在校评优和进步;大学生体育锻炼参与行为现状及不喜欢体育锻炼原因的性别、年级和地区差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05).单因素Logistic回归分析显示,性别、年级、地区、课程内容缺乏趣味性、不喜欢体育教师的授课方式、缺乏体育场地或器材是江苏省大学生体育锻炼参与行为的影响因素(P值均<0.05).结论 江苏省大学生体育锻炼参与行为现状情况不容乐观,促进大学生体育锻炼参与行为需要社会、学校和个人兼容并济,共同努力.
2018, 39(2): 232-235.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2018.02.022
摘要：
探索大学生心理健康状况的动态发展规律及领悟社会支持的影响,为制定更有针对性的保护大学生心理健康的措施提供参考.方法 采用整群抽样的方法,使用大学生人格问卷(University Personality Inventory,UPI)和领悟社会支持量表(Perceived Social Support Scale,PSSS)对广州某高校2014年入学的2 301名大学生进行追踪研究.2次施测的时间分别是2014年9月23日和2016年9月25日.结果 大三时学生的UPI得分(9.18±8.49)低于大一(10.11±7.87)(t=29.90,P<0.01).大三时学生严重心理问题的人数比例比大一上升1.0百分点,一般心理问题的人数比例下降1.7百分点,心理健康的人数比例上升0.7百分点(x2=377.59,P<0.01).女生UPI得分(10.09±8.32)高于男生(8.81±7.91)(t=17.13,P<0.01).领悟社会支持水平越高,UPI得分越低(F=149.65,P<0.01).大一时学生UPI为A类(严重心理问题)且低领悟社会支持的大三UPI得分最高,大一UPI为C类(心理健康)且高领悟社会支持的大三UPI得分最低;高领悟社会支持条件下,大一UPI A/B(一般心理问题)/C类的学生大三UPI得分均低于低领悟社会支持条件下的学生.结论 大学生入校后,心理健康状况呈2个动态两极化的趋势发展.领悟社会支持能力对大学生心理健康动态发展具有持续性的调节作用.
探索大学生心理健康状况的动态发展规律及领悟社会支持的影响,为制定更有针对性的保护大学生心理健康的措施提供参考.方法 采用整群抽样的方法,使用大学生人格问卷(University Personality Inventory,UPI)和领悟社会支持量表(Perceived Social Support Scale,PSSS)对广州某高校2014年入学的2 301名大学生进行追踪研究.2次施测的时间分别是2014年9月23日和2016年9月25日.结果 大三时学生的UPI得分(9.18±8.49)低于大一(10.11±7.87)(t=29.90,P<0.01).大三时学生严重心理问题的人数比例比大一上升1.0百分点,一般心理问题的人数比例下降1.7百分点,心理健康的人数比例上升0.7百分点(x2=377.59,P<0.01).女生UPI得分(10.09±8.32)高于男生(8.81±7.91)(t=17.13,P<0.01).领悟社会支持水平越高,UPI得分越低(F=149.65,P<0.01).大一时学生UPI为A类(严重心理问题)且低领悟社会支持的大三UPI得分最高,大一UPI为C类(心理健康)且高领悟社会支持的大三UPI得分最低;高领悟社会支持条件下,大一UPI A/B(一般心理问题)/C类的学生大三UPI得分均低于低领悟社会支持条件下的学生.结论 大学生入校后,心理健康状况呈2个动态两极化的趋势发展.领悟社会支持能力对大学生心理健康动态发展具有持续性的调节作用.
2021, 42(9): 1281-1282.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.09.001
Abstract:
2018, 39(6): 832-835.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2018.06.009
Abstract:
Found in 1980 Monthly
Competent Authorities: National Disease Control and Prevention Administration
Sponsored by: Chinese Preventive Medicine Association
ISSN1000-9817
CN34-1092/R
Awards
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