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2025, 46(2): 153-156.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025035
Abstract:
Disabled children not only suffer from disability associated health impairment, but also face other health challenges similar to typically developing children, such as overweight and obesity, oral health problems, eye conditions, mental health problems, sleep problems as well as harm. Similar with typical development children, growth and development period is a critical period for the physical and mental development of disabled children. Timely, appropriate, and continuous hygiene and health services provided during childhood according to the different needs of disabled children, can effectively stimulate their own compensatory mechanisms, enabling them to achieve better rehabilitation effects and higher health levels.
Disabled children not only suffer from disability associated health impairment, but also face other health challenges similar to typically developing children, such as overweight and obesity, oral health problems, eye conditions, mental health problems, sleep problems as well as harm. Similar with typical development children, growth and development period is a critical period for the physical and mental development of disabled children. Timely, appropriate, and continuous hygiene and health services provided during childhood according to the different needs of disabled children, can effectively stimulate their own compensatory mechanisms, enabling them to achieve better rehabilitation effects and higher health levels.
2025, 46(2): 157-161.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025038
Abstract:
The construction of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) specialty cohorts in China is still in its infancy, and the cost-effectiveness is insufficient when relying on diagnostic and treatment processes of child health care to collect ample and high-quality data. After 2000, the United States Simons Foundation's ASD Research Initiative, the Early ASD Risk Longitudinal Investigation (EARLI), and the British ASD Study of Infant Siblings (BASIS), which have been built based on Internet recruitment, have provided new insight for the construction of large-sample ASD specialty cohorts in China. Future research can further explore and optimize the methods of Internet recruitment, and establish a more comprehensive and accurate ASD specialty cohorts.
The construction of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) specialty cohorts in China is still in its infancy, and the cost-effectiveness is insufficient when relying on diagnostic and treatment processes of child health care to collect ample and high-quality data. After 2000, the United States Simons Foundation's ASD Research Initiative, the Early ASD Risk Longitudinal Investigation (EARLI), and the British ASD Study of Infant Siblings (BASIS), which have been built based on Internet recruitment, have provided new insight for the construction of large-sample ASD specialty cohorts in China. Future research can further explore and optimize the methods of Internet recruitment, and establish a more comprehensive and accurate ASD specialty cohorts.
2025, 46(2): 162-166.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025036
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the association of physical activity and screen time with overweight and obesity among children and adolescents with special needs in Tianjin, so as to provide scientific evidence for childhood obesity prevention and intervention measures in the population. Methods From January 2022 to June 2024, 296 children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities and autism spectrum disorders aged 2-18 years were recruited from special education schools and institutions in Tianjin. Height and weight were measured, and a standardized questionnaire was used to assess physical activity and screen time. Binary Logistic regression analysis was carried out to investigate the association of physical activity and screen time with overweight and obesity. Results The prevalence of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents with special needs in Tianjin were 17.2% and 21.6%, respectively, and the combined prevalence of overweight and obesity was 38.9%. The median of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) time was 0.20 h/d, and physical activity sufficiency rate was 7.8%. The median of screen time was 1.79 h/d, and the screen time compliance rate was 68.2%. The binary Logistic regression results showed that lower levels of MVPA time and increased screen time were associated with a higher risk of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents with special needs [OR(95%CI)=1.80(1.06-3.07), 2.40(1.42-4.07), P < 0.05]. Conclusions Insufficient physical activity and excessive screen time are associated with an increased risk of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents with special needs. Therefore, comprehensive intervention measures should be implemented as early as possible to prevent and reduce the incidence of overweight and obesity in this population.
2025, 46(2): 167-171.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025064
Abstract:
Objective To evaluate the intervention efficacy of integrated group social skills training on social ability in school-age patients with high-functioning ASD, so as to provide a reference for improving social skills in children with high-functioning ASD. Methods From January 2021 to December 2023, 62 children aged 7-12 with high-functioning ASD who visited the Children's Psychiatry Outpatient Department of the Affiliated Kangning Hospital of Ningbo University were recruited, and were randomly divided into a training (n=31) and a control group (n=31) by a random number table method. The training group received a 20-week structured group social training program (mental interpretation courses and social courses), while the control group received only conventional treatment. Chinese version of Griffith Empathy Measure Parent Ratings (GEM-PR) and Social Response Scale (SRS) were used to assess the symptoms of social deficits before and after treatment. Emotional face recognition tasks and eye movement trajectories were used to test the characteristics of social visual attention in children with ASD. Group comparison was conducted using t-test and Mann-Whitney U test. Results At baseline, there were no significant differences in GEM-PR score (t=-1.20 to -0.81), SRS score (t=-0.36-1.75), emotional face recognition accuracy and reaction time (t=-0.58-1.85), and eye movement trajectory (U/t=-1.63-0.29) between the two group (P>0.05). After intervention, the total GEM-PR score and empathic cognitive factor score of training group [18.00(10.00, 24.00), 9.00(8.00, 13.00)] were significantly higher than those of the control group [12.00(-1.00, 18.00), 2.00(-2.00, 7.00)], and the total SRS score and social cognition, social perception, social communication, social motivation (73.23±14.20, 16.16±2.72, 6.58±2.50, 24.29±5.61, 9.52±3.73) were significantly lower than those of the control group (95.26±15.29, 19.90±2.84, 12.58±2.49, 31.94±6.38, 13.74±4.81) (U/t=-2.38, -4.59; -5.88, -5.29, -9.47, -5.01, -3.87, P < 0.05). The overall correct rate of emotional face recognition and the correct rate of angry, fearful and neutral faces recognition in the training group [(81.55±6.62)%, (76.86±12.06)%, (79.61±12.42)%, (94.27±6.26)%] were significantly higher than the control group [(70.55±13.82)%, (62.82±18.77)%, (67.18±18.85)%, (79.60±20.05)%], and the average reaction time [(2 226.70±274.43)ms] was lower than the control group [(2 417.27±324.10)ms] (t=4.00, 3.50, 3.07, 3.89, -2.42, P < 0.05). The time to first eye gaze [764.74 (748.64, 793.73) ms] in the training group was significantly lower than that in the control group [810.92 (782.86, 877.42) ms], and the proportion of moderate-to-high intensity attention area in the face [(37.37±1.27)%] was significantly higher than that in the control group [(30.34±1.23)%] (U/t=3.44, 8.89, P < 0.05). Conclusions Integrated group social training can significantly improve the social communication and empathy ability of high-functioning ASD children, increase active attention and recognition ability of faces, and improve mental development of children with ASD.
2025, 46(2): 172-176.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025037
Abstract:
Objective To explore the association between mediterranean diet (MD) patterns and dental caries among children and adolescents with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD), so as to provide a basis for developing scientific anti-caries strategies related to diet. Methods From December 2021 to June 2024, a questionnaire survey, a three-day 24-hour dietary review survey, oral health examination, physical development measurement and Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) evaluation were conducted involving 147 children and adolescents aged 2-22 years with NDD from nine special education schools and rehabilitation institutions in Tianjin. Group comparisons were carried out using the Mann-Whitney U test, Chi-square test, or Fisher's exact probability method. The correlation between dietary quality and dental caries was analyzed by adopting multiple linear regression analysis and restricted cubic spline. Results There were 46 children and adolescents (31.3%) in the non-dental caries group and 101 children and adolescents (68.7%) in the dental caries group. The number of decayed missing and filled teeth (dmft) was 2.0 (4.0), and the MD score was 4.0 (2.0) points. There were 62 children and adolescents (42.2%) in the low MD scores group and 85 children and adolescents (57.8%) in the high MD scores group. There was no significant difference in MD scores between NDD children in the non-dental caries group and those in the dental caries group [non-dental caries group: 4.0(2.0), dental caries group: 4.0(2.0), Z=-0.14, P>0.05]. The MD scores and dmft exhibited increasing and then decreasing trend (Ptotal=0.02, Pnon-lineary=0.04). Children and adolescents with NDD in the MD high scores group had a lower number of dmft than those in the MD low scores group (β=-2.00, 95%CI=-3.39 to -0.62, P < 0.05). However, in children and adolescents with NDD and CARS scores ≥30, the above association was insignificant (β=-0.63, 95%CI=-0.29-0.15, P>0.05). Conclusions Children and adolescents with NDD who have dietary patterns similar to the Mediterranean diet, are found to have fewer dental caries, and this is observed among those with no or mild symptoms of autism spectrum disorder.
2025, 46(2): 177-180.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025055
Abstract:
Objective To explore impacts of sports games designed based on the information-motivation-behavioral skills model (IMB) on prosocial behavior in children with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) attending regular classes, so as to provide a theoretical basis for promoting the development of prosocial behavior in school-age IDD children. Methods From February to March 2023, 40 children with intellectual disabilities aged 8-9 who were enrolled in ordinary schools in Beijing were recruited by using WeChat parents to send messages. They were randomly divided into an experimental group (19 before intervention, 17 after intervention) and a control group (19 before intervention, 19 after intervention) by lottery method. During the study period, children in both groups received the same frequency and quality of regular physical activities. The experimental group, in addition, underwent a 13-week sports game intervention based on the IMB model, 4 times a week, each session lasting 50 minutes. The sports game intervention scheme based on IMB model was divided into two modules, including basic training and development training: low-difficulty sports game intervention based on emotion recognition, and medium-low-difficulty and medium-difficulty sports game intervention based on social training such as "prosocial". The Griffith Empathy Measure (GEM) and the Prosocial Behavior Scale for Adolescents (PBSA) were used to assess empathy ability and prosocial behavior levels of children in both groups before and after the intervention. Results After intervention, the cognitive empathy dimension, emotional empathy dimension and total score of GEM in the experimental group (39.15±2.85, 38.54±1.94, 77.69±3.95) were higher than control group (32.18±4.18, 32.28±4.28, 64.56±6.48) and before intervention (33.92±4.94, 31.30±4.61, 65.23±8.47), and the differences were statistically significant (F=12.06, 6.99, 14.90; 8.95, 7.36, 13.22, P < 0.05). After intervention, compliance with public welfare factors, trait factors and total score (31.33±1.97, 16.67±1.03, 71.83±2.93) were higher than control group (22.65±1.58, 12.59±0.71, 59.47±2.18) and before intervention (22.00±1.27, 12.17±0.75, 58.00±1.67), and the differences were statistically significant (F=17.00, 36.54, 12.71; 29.87, 13.09, 13.12, P < 0.05). Conclusions Sports game intervention based on IMB model can effectively promote the development of prosocial behavior of children with IDD attending regular classes.
2025, 46(2): 181-185.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025056
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the correlation of emotional and behavioral problems with sleep problems in children with cerebral palsy, so as to provide reference for intervention of emotional and behavioral problems in children. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted, and 402 children aged 6-18 with cerebral palsy who were adopted by social welfare institutions in Guangzhou City from January 2023 to January 2024 were selected to investigate their full-time nurses. The Parents' Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) was used to assess the emotional and behavioral problems of children with cerebral palsy, and the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ) was used to assess sleep problems. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to analyze the correlation between the sleep problem of children with cerebral palsy and the emotional and behavioral problems. Results The prevalence of emotional and behavioral difficulties among children with cerebral palsy was 15.7%. The median sleep problem score of children with emotional and behavioral problems [37.0(36.0, 41.0)] was significantly higher than that of children without emotional and behavioral [35.0(34.0, 36.0)] (Z=-5.74, P < 0.01). The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that after adjusting covariables such as age, gender, cerebral palsy classification, language retardation, visual impairment and epilepsy, the total sleep problem score of children with cerebral palsy was positively correlated with the total difficulty score (β=0.28, 95%CI=0.17-0.34, P < 0.05). Conclusions Sleep problems in children with cerebral palsy are associated with emotional and behavioral difficulties. Understanding of the management of sleep problems in children with cerebral palsy should be enhanced to reduce the incidence of emotional and behavioral problems in children with cerebral palsy.
2025, 46(2): 186-190.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025052
Abstract:
Objective To understand the latent categories of sleep disturbances among children and adolescents with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) in Tianjin and their relationship with behavioral and social issues, so as to provide a basis for preventing and improving sleep disturbances in the population. Methods From September 2021 to June 2024, 272 children and adolescents aged 2-23 years with neurodevelopmental disorders were recruited from special education schools and designated rehabilitation institutions in Tianjin. Sleep disturbances were assessed using the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ). Behavioral and social issues and severity were evaluated using the Autism Behavior Checklist (ABC) and Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS). Latent class analysis (LCA) was employed to categorize the subjects into different sleep disturbances categories. Cochran-Armitage test was used to analyze the trend of detection rate of sleep disturbances in different age groups. Spearman rank correlation was used to analyze the correlation between the scores of each scale. The generalized linear model was used to analyze the influence of CARS and ABC scale scores. Covariance analysis was used to examine differences in behavioral and social issues among the different categories. Results Among 272 survey respondents, a total of 197(72.4%) children and adolescents with NDDs were identified with sleep disturbances. The detection rates of sleep disturbances were 88.9% for those aged 2-6 years, 70.6% for aged 7-12, 66.7% for aged 13-18 and 50.0% for 19-23 years old, which was decreased across age group (Z=3.58, P < 0.01). There was a positive correlation between the total CSHQ score and the total ABC score (r=0.16, P=0.01). The generalized linear model analysis showed that after adjusting age, gender, parents' education level and family monthly income, bedtime habit (β=3.60) and sleeping latency disorder (β=3.36) were positively correlated with CARS scores, while the bedtime habit (β=16.73) and waking up at night (β=17.46) were positively correlated with ABC scores (P < 0.05). LCA revealed that sleep disturbances in children and adolescents with NDDs could be classified into four categories. The covariance analysis results showed that there were statistically significant differences in the average scores of CSHQ (70.84±9.05, 50.96±6.64, 50.33±5.82, 43.84±5.44) and ABC (49.44±39.34, 53.04±39.75, 63.51±40.31, 38.14±34.23) among different categories of all partipants (F=92.09, 3.95, P < 0.05). Conclusions Sleep disturbances in children and adolescents with NDDs are severe and exhibit distinct categorical characteristics.
2025, 46(2): 191-195.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025053
Abstract:
Objective To evaluate the comprehensive intervention effect of lunch for primary and secondary school students in Minhang District, so as to provide a theoretical and practical basis for lunch intervention in school. Methods From October to December 2023, a convenience sampling method was used to select 1 937 students from one primary and secondary school in Minhang District.A comprehensive intervention measure focusing on "reducing oil and salt" for lunch recipe optimization and nutrition education was carried out, and a questionnaire survey was conducted to evaluate the intervention effect three months later. Chi-square test and Wilcoxon rank test were used to compare the data before and after the intervention. Results After intervention, the use of cooking oil and salt, the supply of protein and fat in primary and secondary school lunches were reduced, and had no obvious impact on energy and other major nutrients. After intervention, compared to before intervention, the proportion of primary school students who felt that lunch was greasy decreased (8.9%, 6.2%, χ2=4.35), and the proportion of primary and secondary school students who felt that lunch were delicious decreased significantly (33.2%, 23.2%; 63.9%, 53.5%, χ2=26.39, 17.52) (P < 0.05). Secondary school students also felt reduced variety of food ingredients (46.9%, 38.3%, χ2=16.05, P < 0.05). In addition, after intervention, the total surplus rate of primary school students' meals decreased (7.4%, 4.4%, χ2=5.73), mainly reflected in the decrease of the surplus rate of staple foods (7.1%, 2.4%, χ2=17.39), while the surplus rate of vegetable dishes increased (16.0%, 21.2%, χ2=6.01) (P < 0.05). Although there was no significant change in the total surplus rate of meals for secondary school students, the surplus rate of staple foods decreased (12.9%, 5.4%, χ2=33.52), while the surplus rates of meat and vegetable dishes increased (11.2%, 26.9%; 17.5%, 33.2%, χ2=74.26, 61.88) (P < 0.05). After intervention, there was no statistically significant difference in the overweight and obesity rates of primary school students (χ2=0.11, 0.43) and secondary school students (χ2=0.01, 0.00) compared to before intervention(P>0.05). After intervention, the lung capacity of primary school students [1 564 (1 269, 1 890) mL] and sitting forward flexion [11.3 (7.6, 15.2) cm] increased compared to before intervention [1 522 (1 259, 1 819) mL, 10.5 (6.3, 13.5) cm] (Z=2.20, 4.68, P < 0.01), but there was no statistically significant difference in lung capacity and sitting forward flexion of secondary school students before and after intervention (Z=-0.46, -0.08, P>0.05). Conclusions The comprehensive intervention of school lunch has promoted a significant decrease in the use of oil and salt in lunch and improved the quality of recipes, and has a positive impact on the situation of leftover lunch and the health of students to a certain extent.
2025, 46(2): 200-204.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025060
Abstract:
Objective To explore the longitudinal associations between dietary macronutrients and lung function in school-aged children, so as to provide the nutritional research evidence for promoting children's lung health. Methods In November 2021, two primary schools located in Chengdu, Sichuan Province were selected from the Southwest China Childhood Nutrition and Growth (SCCNG) cohort by a stratified cluster random sampling method, enrolling a total of 1 112 school-aged children aged 8 to 13 years. At baseline, the dietary and sociodemographic characteristics of the children were assessed. One year later, the forced vital capacity (FVC) of the children was measured and converted into Z-scores (FVC-Z), while the vital capacity index (VCI) was also calculated. Generalized linear regression analysis was employed to examine the associations between dietary macronutrients and lung function, considering interactions with gender and age, followed by stratified analysis. Results After adjusting for confounding factors, the analysis results of the generalized linear regression model showed that the carbohydrate energy ratio was negatively correlated with FVC-Z (β=-0.02) and VCI (β=-0.16), while the fat energy ratio showed a positive correlation with FVC-Z (β=0.03) and VCI (β=0.23) (P < 0.05). The protein energy ratio was positively correlated with FVC-Z (β=0.09) and VCI (β=0.60) specifically in girls (P < 0.05). Additionally, there was an interaction effect of age on the associations between macronutrients and lung function (P < 0.01); in children aged 8-9 and 10-11, the carbohydrate energy supply ratio was negatively correlated with FVC-Z (β=-0.04, -0.03) and VCI (β=-0.29, -0.21), and fat energy supply ratio was positively correlated with FVC-Z (β=0.07, 0.05) and VCI (β=0.46, 0.32) (P < 0.05). Conclusions There are age and sex differences in the association of dietary macronutrients with lung function, with a low-carbohydrate, high-fat diet promoting lung function in children. Additionally, protein intake appears to have a positive influence on the lung function of girls. The early school-age period may represent a critical window for dietary interventions aimed at promoting lung health.
2025, 46(2): 196-199.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025062
Abstract:
Objective To explore the effectiveness of smoking control intervention guided by social network theory at a vocational college in Guangzhou City, so as to provide a reference for school smoking control intervention. Methods From April to May 2023, a combination of convenience sampling and cluster random sampling method was adopted to select 781 students from different majors in 4 campuses of a certain vocational college. They were randomly divided into a control group (422 students before intervention, 399 students after intervention) and an intervention group (359 students before intervention, 329 students after intervention). Based on social network theory, a 6-month tobacco control intervention was carried out in the intervention group by strengthening the existing tobacco control network connections in schools, establishing new control smoking social networks, and enhancing the role of the new control smoking social networks by members of the project team. Both the control group and intervention group received smoking control intervention in the school environment. The difference was compared by t test andχ2 test. Results After intervention, the knowledge score of the intervention group (8.9±4.8) was higher than that of the control group (7.6±5.0) and before intervention (7.0±5.0) (t=3.30, 4.91, P < 0.01). After intervention, the current smoking rate (4.0%) in the intervention group was lower than before intervention (8.1%, χ2=5.10), and the number of half or more smoking peers (11.2%) was lower than before intervention(16.7%) (χ2=4.24)(P < 0.05); and there was no statistically significant difference between the control group before and after intervention (χ2=1.49, 0.16, P>0.05). The proportion of holding a negative attitude to school smokers was higher than before intervention (χ2=12.34, P < 0.05), with the proportion of "strongly negative and suggest no smoke around oneself" increasing from 25.1% before intervention to 35.9% after intervention; and the proportion of student who kept a distance from smokers was higher than before intervention (χ2=18.21, P < 0.05), with the proportion of "maintaining a distance of 3 m" increasing from 30.4% before the intervention to 40.1% after the intervention. There was no statistically significant difference in the control group before and after intervention (χ2=3.89, 2.50, P>0.05). Conclusions The smoking control intervention at vocational colleges based on social network theory improve the correct tobacco knowledge, attitudes and practice of vocational college students, and reduce the smoking rates.
2025, 46(2): 205-209.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025057
Abstract:
Objective To understand the changing trends and related factors of knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) regarding the three major infectious diseases (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, tuberculosis, hepatitis B) among freshmen in Jiangsu from 2019 to 2022, so as to provide a reference basis for the health education of infectious diseases in schools. Methods From 2019 to 2022, a total of 33 944 freshmen from 20 universities in Jiangsu Province were randomly selected for four consecutive years to investigate their KAP levels online through self-designed questionnaires on three major infectious diseases. The multiple linear regression model was used to analyze the changing trends of students' KAP levels of the three major infectious diseases, and to explore the influencing factors of KAP. Results From 2019 to 2022, the knowledge scores(18.0±3.1, 18.4±3.2, 18.7±3.2, 18.8±3.2), related to the three major infectious diseases showed an upward trend (F=436.50, P<0.01), and the positive attitude reporting rates were 81.77%, 81.46%, 82.68% and 81.74%, respectively. The reporting rates of positive practice were 80.11%, 79.25%, 79.08% and 79.04%, respectively. Multiple linear regression showed that school type, parental education level, mother's occupation, average income per person in family and living arrangements during high school all had an impact on the knowledge (β=-1.510-0.559), attitudes (β=-0.043-0.065) and practice (β=-0.028-0.027) of the three major infectious diseases (P<0.05). The family residence areas only affected the reporting rate of positive attitude scores (β=0.002-0.065), and whether only-children or not affected the reporting rate of positive practice scores (β=0.009)(P<0.05). The knowledge score showed an upward trend (β=0.297, P<0.01), the positive attitude reporting rate showed no statistically significant change (β=0.001, P=0.22), and the positive practice reporting rate showed a downward trend (β=-0.005, P<0.01). Conclusions Freshman in Jiangsu Province from 2019 to 2022 have shown a separation in KAP scores regarding the three major infectious diseases. Targeted measures should be taken to improve their health practice level.
2025, 46(2): 210-214.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025040
Abstract:
Objective To evaluate the application effect of oral health management program based on behavior change wheel (BCW) theory, so as to provide a reference for improving children's awareness of oral self-management and the development of healthy oral behaviors. Methods A total of 120 children aged 5-6 from 2 kindergartens in Yubei District in Chongqing City, selected by convenience sampling method from September 2023 to March 2024, were divided into a experimental group and a control group (60 each). Children in the experimental group were given an oral health education programme based on BCW theory (promoted health awareness, cultivated healthy behavior ability, strengthened awareness and ability, and provided opportunitiess) on the basis of conventional oral health education, and children in the control group were given conventional oral health education; data were collected before and 3 months after the intervention, respectively. Comparisons between groups were made using the Mann-Whitney U test and χ2 test. Results Before intervention, there were no significant differences in plaque index [2.00(1.00, 2.00), 2.00(1.00, 2.00)] and the number of filled teeth [0.00(0.00, 1.00), 0.00(0.00, 1.00)] between the experimental group and the control group (Z=-0.88, -0.42, P>0.05). After intervention, the plaque index of the experimental group [1.00(0.00, 1.00)] was lower than that of the control group [1.00(0.25, 2.00)] and before intervention, and the number of filling teeth in the experimental group [1.00(0.00, 2.00)] was higher than that of the control group [1.00(0.00, 1.00)] and before intervention, the differences were statistically significant (Z=-3.14, -5.48; -2.08, -3.02, P<0.05). Before intervention, there were no significant differences in oral health behavior report rate and oral health knowledge mastery rate between the two groups (χ2=0.30-0.91, 0.15-1.43, P>0.05). After intervention, the report rates of health tooth brushing (method, frequency and duration) and preventive behavior (using fluoride toothpaste, pit and fissure sealing prevention and fluoride application prevention) in the experimental group were better than those in the control group and before intervention, and the differences were statistically significant (χ2=4.88-9.38, 9.13-22.63, P<0.05). The mastery rates of oral health knowledge in the experimental group were better than that in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (χ2=4.62-8.54, P<0.05). Conclusion Oral health management programs based on the BCW theory are more conducive to improving children's oral hygiene, as well as enhancing children's basic oral knowledge and promoting the development of oral health behaviors.
2025, 46(2): 215-218.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025034
Abstract:
Objective To understand the unhealthy listening habits and related factors hearing on impairment among primary and middle school students in Jilin Province, so as to provide a scientific basis for the prevention of hearing impairment in children and adolescents. Methods From September to November 2021, a stratified cluster random sampling method was employed to select 12 847 primary and middle school students in nine cities of Jilin Province who use headphones for more than 0.5 hours daily for a questionnaire survey. Data on unhealthy listening habits, lifestyle habits and hearing impairment were collected. The data were analyzed using the χ2 test and Logistic regression. Results Totally 1 702 students(13.25%) experienced hearing impairment within the last month. There were statistical differences between the sexes with the average daily headphone use, the times of using headphones ≥1 h every day for one week use in all environment or noisy environment (χ2=47.86, 57.60, 66.31, P<0.01). Logistic regression analysis results showed that factors related to the occurrence of hearing impairment among primary and secondary school students included: average daily headphone use of 1-2 h and more than 2 h (OR=1.74, 95%CI=1.60-1.90; OR=1.73, 95%CI=1.59-1.90), times of using headphones ≥1 h every day for one week were 1-2 times and >2 times (OR=1.71, 95%CI=1.59-1.84; OR=1.83, 95%CI=1.71-1.97), the times of using headphones≥1 h every day for one week being 1-2 times and >2 times in noisy environment per week (OR=1.48, 95%CI=1.40-1.56; OR=1.72, 95%CI=1.61-1.86), economic underdevelopment (OR=1.85, 95%CI=1.76-1.96), boarding (OR=1.78, 95%CI=1.69-1.89), single-parent family (OR=1.72, 95%CI=1.60-1.87), daily activity duration less than 1 h (OR=1.71, 95%CI=1.63-1.81), sedentary behavior duration more than 6 h per day (OR=1.88, 95%CI=1.79-1.98) (P<0.05). Conclusions The behavior of ear protection among primary and middle school students in Jilin Province needs to be enhanced, focusing on students in economically underdeveloped areas, boarding schools and single-parent families. It is necessary to guide primary and middle school students to improve their bad ear habits, increase outdoor activities and reduce the time of sitting.
2025, 46(2): 223-228.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025048
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the distribution characteristics and related factors of weight loss behavior among middle school students in Shanghai, so as to provide a reference for guiding scientific weight loss among middle school students. Methods From May to June 2021, a stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select 16 758 junior and high school students in 16 districts of Shanghai. Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System was administered to assess the basic condition and weight loss behaviors of the students. An unordered multinomial Logistic regression model was employed to analyze the factors associated with weight loss behaviors. Results A total of 5 881 (35.09%) reported engaging in exercise for weight loss, 6 344 (37.86%) reported dieting for weight loss, and 461 (2.75%) engaged in unhealthy weight loss behaviors. The unordered multinomial Logistic regression analysis indicated that compared with the no-weight-loss behavior group, students from urban areas(OR=1.35, 95%CI=1.10-1.66), those with Internet addiction (OR=1.71, 95%CI=1.23-2.38), those with victims of bullying (OR=2.09, 95%CI=1.68-2.61), those experiencing insomnia (OR=2.33, 95%CI= 1.74-3.11), those feelings of sadness or despair (OR=3.10, 95%CI=2.42-3.97), and those who perceived their body weight as slightly heavy (OR=2.77, 95%CI= 2.17-3.55) or very heavy (OR=3.41, 95%CI=2.44-4.75) were more likely to engage in unhealthy weight loss behaviors (P<0.05). Conclusions There are significant differences in weight loss behaviors among middle school students with varying characteristics in Shanghai. Negative emotions such as insomnia and feelings of sadness or despair, Internet addiction, cognitive bias in weight and experiences of bullying are identified as related factors for unhealthy weight loss behaviors. Targeted intervention measures should be implemented to guide students towards scientific approaches to weight management.
2025, 46(2): 219-222.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025039
Abstract:
Objective To understand the prevalence and related factors of depressive symptoms among primary and secondary school students in the in-depth monitoring counties of China's Rural Compulsory Education Nutrition Improvement Program, so as to provide a basis for prevention and psychological intervention of depressive symptoms among children and adolescents in rural areas. Methods In November 2022, a stratified random sampling method was adopted to collect height and weight data, basic personal and family information of 7 949 primary and secondary school students from grade three to grade nine through physical measurements and questionnaires in 56 key monitoring schools implementing the Student Nutrition Improvement Program in 7 in-depth monitoring counties (Jalaid Banner in Inner Mongolia, Jinzhai County in Anhui, Mao Xian in Sichuan, Tiandeng County in Guangxi, Mian County in Shaanxi, Zhaozhou County in Heilongjiang and Youxi County in Fujian), and to obtain the information related to their depressive symptoms through the self-assessment questionnaire on depression. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was conducted to analyze the prevalence of depressive symptoms among primary and secondary school students, as well as their related factors. Results The detection rate of depressive symptoms among primary and secondary school students in the in-depth monitored counties was 23.5%. Logistic regression analysis showed that the probability of detecting depressive symptoms was higher among female students, middle school students, students whose video screen duration per day was >2 h, and students whose parents' marital status was divorced or widowed (OR=1.40, 1.64, 1.60, 1.24), and students whose sleep duration reached the recommended standard, whose parents usually accompanied them daily for time was 60-<120 min and ≥120 min, and students whose mothers' literacy level was middle school graduation had lower probability of detecting depressive symptoms (OR=0.85, 0.84, 0.71, 0.76) (P<0.05). Conclusion The detection rate of depressive symptoms among students in the in-depth monitoring area is high, and targeted interventions need to be developed for students to reduce the risk of mental health problems.
2025, 46(2): 229-233.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025058
Abstract:
Objective To explore the effects of potential categories of cumulative ecological risk on academic engagement, so as to provide theoretical basis for promoting academic engagement among vocational college students. Methods In May 2024, a convenience sampling method was used to select 1 666 students from three grades of six vocational colleges in Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province. A survey was conducted on the cumulative ecological risk and academic engagement, and latent profile analysis was used to explore the potential categories of cumulative ecological risk and test its effect on academic engagement. Results There were four latent classes of cumulative ecological risk among vocational college students, namely, complete family-low risk group, complete family-medium risk group, incomplete family-medium risk group, complete family-moderate to high risk group, accounting for 11.8%, 44.8%, 21.0% and 22.4%. There were significant differences in academic engagement among different potential categories of cumulative ecological risk of students (F=138.03, P<0.01), with the highest level of academic engagement in the complete family-low risk group (102.95±15.74), followed by the complete family-medium risk group (87.67±14.26), incomplete family-medium risk group (84.53±19.25) and complete family-moderate to high risk group (73.24±20.13). The potential categories of cumulative ecological risk significantly predicted academic engagement (P<0.01). When the complete family-low risk group was used as a reference, the regression coefficients for the complete family-medium risk, incomplete family-medium risk, and complete family-moderate to high risk were -0.40, -0.40 and -0.65, respectively. Conclusion The potential categories of cumulative ecological risks among vocational college students significantly predict their academic engagement, and vocational colleges need to pay attention to the cumulative ecological risks and different potential categories of students when promoting their academic engagement.
2025, 46(2): 234-238.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025042
Abstract:
Objective To analyze the issuance of Chinese adolescents mental health promotion policies and policy objects, and to explore the use of different object policy tools and the effectiveness of the policy, so as to provide reference for the improvement of the subsequent policy. Methods Adolescents' mental health promotion policies published and policy documents that included adolescents in mental health promotion policies and regulations in China from 2014 to the present were obtained, with the search period of July to August 2024. Policy content and effectiveness were analyzed by using content cross-tabulation analysis and Policy Modeling Consistency Index Model (PMC index model). It coded with Nvivo 20 software to understand the types of tools that policy depends on. Results A total of 41 documents were included. The number of adolescent mental health promotion policy texts rose by year, most of which were issued independently, accounting for 70% of the total number of texts issued; 30% were jointly issued, with the Ministry of Education and the National Health Commission as the core subjects. Supply-type policy tools accounted for 47.45% of the total, while environment-type and demand-type policy tools accounted for 29.68% and 22.87% respectively; the use of policy tools by different policy targets varies, with families and social organizations using more supply-type and demand-type policy tools, while the education system and healthcare institutions were more inclined to supply-type policy tools, and the government departments were more inclined to supply-type policy tools and environment-type policy tools. In terms of policy effectiveness, there was a common problem of a lack of incentives and constraints, and the PMC values of two long-term planning mental health policies were high (7.76, 7.56), and both reached the excellent level. Conclusions China has paid more attention to adolescents' mental health, and the basic guarantees have been established and overall policy effectiveness is good, but the use of policy tools is uneven. There is a need to improve the operational content of medium- and long-term policies and to strengthen synergies between implementing departments.
2025, 46(2): 239-243.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025050
Abstract:
Objective To explore the association between vitamin D levels and sleep in children and adolescents, so as to provide a reference for promoting the sleep health of children and adolescents. Methods From October to December, 2021, 4 827 primary and middle school students aged 6-17 in Shenzhen were selected by multistage cluster random sampling method, and their demographic information, family background, lifestyle and sleep status were obtained by face-to-face questionnaire survey, and their fasting venous blood in the morning was collected to detect the serum 25(OH)D level. The relationship between serum vitamin D level and sleep characteristics was analyzed by binary Logistic regression, and stratified analysis was carried out according to gender. Results The proportion of vitamin D deficiency was 41.1%, and the proportion of sleep deficiency was 19.4%. With the increase of vitamin D level, daily sleep duration of children and adolescents tended to increase (r=0.10, P<0.01). After adjusting for covariates such as gender and age, it was found that children and adolescents with insufficient vitamin D levels were more likely to experience sleep insufficiency, social jetlag, and late sleep on weekdays, with ORs being 1.32(95%CI=1.12-1.56), 1.35(95%CI=1.19-1.54), and 1.26(95%CI=1.05-1.52)(P<0.05). Sex-stratified analysis showed that, among boys, vitamin D deficiency was associated with sleep deficiency, social jetlag, and late bedtime on weekdays and weekends[OR(95%CI)=1.42(1.14-1.77), 1.25(1.04-1.49), 1.39(1.06-1.82), 1.86(1.19-2.92), P<0.05]. In girls, however, serum vitamin D levels were only associated with social jetlag with OR being 1.47 (95%CI=1.21-1.79, P<0.05). Conclusion Vitamin D levels are associated with various sleep characteristics in children and adolescents, with this association being more pronounced among boys.
2025, 46(2): 244-248.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025043
Abstract:
Objective To analyze the relationship between 24 h movement behaviors and cognitive function in children and adolescents, as well as the isotemporal substitution benefits, in order to provide a basis for developing cognitive development intervention strategies among children and adolescents. Methods Relevant studies were searched in the Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, EBSCO, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases from their inception to November 30, 2024. Systematic evaluation was performed after document screening, data extraction and quality assessment. Results A total of 24 high-quality studies were included, comprising 35 295 children and adolescents aged 3-18 years. Adhering to the 24 h activity guidelines was associated with better cognitive performance (19 studies). Additionally, substituting 5-30 minutes per day of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) or sleep (SLP) for sedentary behavior (SB) or light physical activity (LPA) were associated with improvements in cognitive function (7 studies). There were inconsistencies in the effects of different types of SB (learning or entertainment) on cognitive function. Conclusions Adherence to the 24 h activity guidelines supports cognitive development in children and adolescents, with MVPA and SLP as key intervention targets. Increasing the proportion of MVPA, ensuring adequate SLP, and limiting recreational SB and screen time might be helpful to enhance the combined benefits of these three behaviors.
2025, 46(2): 249-254.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025061
Abstract:
Objective To explore the role of outdoor activity in the relationship between infancy responsive caregiving trajectories and early childhood development, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the promotion of early child development. Methods The study participants were drawn from the Shanghai Maternal-Child Pairs Cohort and 4 723 mother-child pairs who completed responsive caregiving questionnaires at 2, 6 and 12 months old were included. Questionnaires were used to assess children's responsive caregiving and average daily hours of outdoor activity at 2 years of age. The Age-Stage Questionnaire, Third Edition (ASQ-3) was used to evaluate children's development problems at 2-5 years old. Group-based trajectory model was applied to fit infancy responsive caregiving trajectory. Modified Poisson regression was used to analyze associations between different responsive caregiving trajectory groups and child development, and moderating effects were tested for hours of outdoor activity. Results Infancy responsive caregiving trajectories were categorized into general group (n=3 871), declining group(n=160), and fluctuating group(n=646). After adjusting for confounding factors, such as parents' educational level, annual household income, maternal progestation body mass index, maternal tobacco exposure during pregnancy, maternal anxiety and depression during pregnancy, maternal age at delivery, maternal gestational age, maternal mode of delivery, children's gender, children's birth weight, and duration of breastfeeding, the results of modified Poission regression analysis showed that compared with the general group, children at the age of 2 in declining and fluctuating group had increased risks of suspected developmental delays in communication, gross motor, fine motor, problem solving, and personal-social scales (OR=1.41, 1.31, 1.35, 1.23, 1.21;1.07, 1.08, 1.08, 1.09, 1.06);but children only had increased risk of suspected developmental delays in communication of declining group (OR=1.08), personal-social scales of fluctuating group (OR=1.06) at 3-5 years of age (P<0.05). At lower levels of outdoor activity, children in fluctuating group had reduced scores in communication (β=-1.41), fine motor (β=-2.34), problem solving (β=-1.11) and personal-social scales (β=-1.99) as compared to general group; and children in declining group had reduced scores in gross motor (β=-4.78)(P<0.05). While at higher levels of outdoor activity, no differences were found between children in fluctuating, declining groups and those in general group in scores of different scales (P>0.05). Conclusion Prolonged outdoor activity attenuates the adverse effects of declining and fluctuating trajectories of infancy responsive caregiving on early childhood development.
2025, 46(2): 255-259.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025059
Abstract:
Objective To analyze the trajectories of blood pressure and body mass index (BMI) among primary and secondary school students aged 7-17 in Shunyi District of Beijing, and to explore the association between different growth trajectories and visual outcomes, so as to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of common diseases in children and adolescents. Methods Health examination data (including vision, blood pressure and BMI) of primary and secondary school students in Shunyi District of Beijing from 2019 to 2023 were collected and analyzed. Group-based trajectory modeling was used to classify the trajectories of BMI and blood pressure (systolic and diastolic) into distinct groups among students aged 7-17 years. The relationship between these trajectories and visual outcomes was examined using binary Logistic regression analysis. Results The prevalence of screening myopia among students in Shunyi District was 57.2%, while the rate of moderate to severe visual impairment was 55.8%. Based on the latent growth model, the trajectories of systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and BMI were divided into three groups: low-growth trajectory, moderate-growth trajectory and high-maintenance trajectory. Logistic regression analysis revealed that, compared to the low-growth trajectory group, the moderate-growth and high-maintenance trajectory groups for systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and BMI were associated with an increased risk of screening myopia (OR=1.14, 1.11; 1.07, 1.19; 1.06, 1.08, P < 0.05). Similarly, the moderate-growth and high-maintenance trajectory groups for systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and BMI were similarly associated with an increased risk of moderate to severe visual impairment (OR=1.12, 1.12; 1.09, 1.17; 1.08, 1.11, P < 0.05). Conclusions Moderate-growth and high-maintenance trajectories of blood pressure and BMI are associated with an increased risk of screening myopia and moderate to severe visual impairment among students. It is recommended to closely monitor changes in blood pressure and overweight/obesity trajectories in primary and secondary school students, conduct regular assessments, and actively prevent the development and progression of multimorbidity and comorbidity.
2025, 46(2): 260-265.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025044
Abstract:
Objective To understand 24 h physical activity levels of children aged 8-9 years in Pudong New Area and to explore its association with metabolic syndrome, so as to provide scientific basis for children's participation in physical activities and reducing the risk of metabolic syndrome. Methods A stratified cluster random sampling method was adopted to select 13 schools in Pudong New Area, Shanghai. A total of 2 013 primary school students aged 8-9 years old were included as the research subjects. During September 2021 to December 2022, Actigraph GT3X accelerometer, height measuring gauge, electronic sphygmomanometer and waist circumference tape was used to measure physical activity, height, blood pressure and waist circumference, respectively. A total of 5 mL of venous blood was collected from students, and the levels of triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) were detected, and online questionnaires were conducted. The t-test and one-way ANOVA were employed to compare the differences in 24 h physical activity levels among children with different characteristics. Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the association between the 24 h physical activity levels and metabolic syndrome as well as its components. Results Among primary school students, the average daily time of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) was (34.25±13.49)min, the attainment rate was 1.59%. The average daily sleep (SLP) time was (538.27±28.53) min, attainment rate was 1.89%. The detection rates of metabolic syndrome, abdominal obesity (AO), elevated blood pressure (BP), elevated TG, low HDL-C, and elevated FPG were 2.48%, 34.53%, 10.38%, 10.73%, 1.24% and 0.70%, respectively. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that, for every 10-minute increase in sedentary behavior (SB) time, the risks of AO, elevated BP, and elevated TG increased by 2% (OR=1.02, 95%CI=1.01-1.04), 5% (OR=1.05, 95%CI=1.01-1.08), and 6% (OR=1.06, 95%CI=1.02-1.11), respectively (P < 0.05). For every 10-minute increase in MVPA time, the risk of metabolic syndrome decreased by 27% (OR=0.73, 95%CI=0.57-0.93, P < 0.05). For every 10-minute increase in SLP time, the risks of AO, elevated BP, and metabolic syndrome decreased by 16% (OR=0.84, 95%CI=0.80-0.88), 9% (OR=0.91, 95%CI=0.82-0.99), and 15% (OR=0.85, 95%CI=0.77-0.94), respectively (P < 0.05). Conclusions The time of MVPA and SLP are seriously insufficient among children aged 8-9 years in Pudong New Area. There is an association between physical activity levels and metabolic syndrome as well as its components. Increasing the time of MVPA and SLP is of great significance for maintaining a relatively low risk of metabolic syndrome in children.
2025, 46(2): 266-271.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025041
Abstract:
Objective To analyze the burden of bipolar disorder among adolescents aged 10-24 in China from 1990 to 2021 and its trend of change, so as to provide theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of bipolar disorder. Methods The latest data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database in 2021 were selected. The Joinpoint regression model, age-period-cohort (APC) model, and bayesian age-period-cohort (BAPC) model were used to analyze and predict indicators such as the age-standardized incidence rate and age-standardized disability-adjusted life year (DALY) rate of bipolar disorder among Chinese adolescents, and the average annual percent change (AAPC) was calculated. Results From 1990 to 2021, the overall age-standardized incidence rate (1990:22.92/100 000, 2021:23.17/100 000) showed an upward trend (AAPC=0.03, t=8.20, P < 0.01) and change trend of age-standardized DALY rate (1990:33.61/100 000, 2021:33.76/100 000) was relatively flat (AAPC=0.01, t=0.99, P=0.32). From 1990 to 2021, age-standardized incidence rate and age-standardized DALY rate of girls were higher than boys (χ2=16.38, P < 0.01). The net drift values for the incidence rate and DALY rate of bipolar disorder among Chinese adolescents aged 10-24 years were -0.23% and -0.22%, respectively. The highest incidence rate of bipolar disorder among Chinese adolescents aged 10-24 years was observed in the 15-19 age group, with a rate of 33.14/100 000; the highest DALY risk was in the 20-24 age group, with a rate of 57.26/100 000. The lowest incidence risk and DALY risk RR values for bipolar disorder among Chinese adolescents aged 10-24 years were observed in 2017-2021, with RR values of 0.99 (95%CI=0.97-1.00) and 0.98 (95%CI=0.97-0.99), respectively (P < 0.05). Similarly, the lowest incidence risk and DALY risk RR values for this age group were observed in the 2000-2004 birth cohort, both of which were 0.86 (95%CI=0.84-0.87) (P < 0.05). It was projected that the overall age-standardized incidence rate and age-standardized DALY rate of bipolar disorder among Chinese adolescents aged 10-24 years will continue to increase from 2022 to 2031, reaching 24.10/100 000 and 34.90/100 000, respectively, by 2031. Conclusions From 1990 to 2021, both the age-standardized incidence rate and age-standardized DALY rate of bipolar disorder among Chinese adolescents shows an upward trend. Special attention should be given to female adolescents, with a focus on controlling the age-standardized incidence rate of bipolar disorder among 15-19 year-old adolescents and the age-standardized DALY rate among 20-24 year-old ones. Efforts should be enhanced to increase awareness and screening for bipolar disorder among adolescents.
2025, 46(2): 272-275.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025049
Abstract:
Objective To grasp the distribution characteristics and incidence trend of varicella in Shaanxi Province, so as to provide a reference for scientific and accurate prevention and control strategies. Methods Data of 161 377 varicella cases in Shaanxi Province from 2016 to 2023 were collected and described from Surveillance Report Management System, a subsystem of National Disease Control and Prevention Information Systems of Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. FlexScan 3.1.2 software was used to determine irregular spatial clustering, and spatial clustering area was detected for each year. Results The incidence of varicella in Shaanxi Province showed a seasonal bimodal distribution with peaks from April to July (36.68%) and from October to next January (48.07%). The cases were mainly concentrated in the 3-12 years old group (60.50%), and there was a trend of high incidence age shift within the 0-19 age group from 2021. Most of the cases were students (62.40%) and preschool children (17.78%). The outbreaks mainly occurred in primary schools (76.47%). The regional distribution was mainly concentrated in some areas of southern Shaanxi and Guanzhong. Through spatial analysis, the primary clusters were primarily concentrated in Ankang and Hanzhong cities in southern Shaanxi from 2016 to 2023, and the secondary clusters were mainly found in some areas of Guanzhong (Xi'an, Baoji and Weinan cities). Conclusions Prevention and control of varicella should be focused on students and kindergartens aged 3-12 years in southern and Guanzhong areas of Shaanxi Province. Continuous varicella surveillance and vaccination measures should be carried out, and the two-dose vaccination strategy and intensive vaccination of key groups should be actively promoted.
2025, 46(2): 276-279.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025046
Abstract:
Objective To explore the association between sleep quality and dry eye symptoms in adolescents, so as to provide the evidence for reducing the prevalence of dry eye symptoms. Methods The study population was adolescents aged 12-24 years from the Psychology and Behavior Investigation of Chinese Residents (PBICR) survey, which was conducted from 20 June to 31 August 2022. A stratified random sampling and quota sampling method was used to select 6 456 adolescents within mainland China. The Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) and Brief version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (B-PSQI) were used to assess dry eye symptoms and sleep quality. Multiple Logistic regression model was used to explore the relationship between sleep quality and dry eye symptoms in adolescents. The influence of gender on the association was explored by using interaction terms. Results A total of 2 815 adolescents reported having dry eye symptoms, with a prevalence of 43.6%. Logistic regression analysis results showed an increased risk of exacerbation of dry eye symptoms in adolescents with poor sleep quality. The OR(95%CI) for mild, moderate, and severe dry eye symptoms groups were 1.39(1.16-1.67), 1.52(1.28-1.81), and 2.35(2.02-2.72), respectively, compared with the ocularly normal group (P < 0.05). There was a significant interaction between sleep quality and gender on dry eye symptoms in adolescents (P < 0.01). Conclusions Sleep quality is associated with dry eye symptoms in adolescents, and those with poor sleep quality have a higher risk of dry eye symptoms. The effect of sleep quality on dry eye symptoms is greater in boys.
2025, 46(2): 280-284.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025047
Abstract:
Objective To understand the influenza vaccination rate and related factors of children in Xiqing District of Tianjin, so as to provide a scientific basis for improving the influenza vaccination coverage rate among children. Methods A stratified random cluster sampling method was employed to select junior high school students and below students from 15 schools in five directions(east, west, south, north, midland) in Xiqing District, Tianjin, involving 13 075 students. A questionnaire survey was conducted among parents of students to analyze the influenza vaccination rate of children in 2023-2024 flu season (October to March of the following year). A binary Logistic regression model was used to analyze the factors affecting influenza vaccination. Results The influenza vaccination rate was 16.66% for children in Xiqing District of Tianjin, in 2023-2024 flu season, among them, the vaccination rate in kindergartens was the highest (28.86%), followed by primary schools (18.87%) and junior high schools (12.61%). Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that having received the influenza vaccine during the 2020-2022 (OR=10.55, 95%CI=9.48-11.73), parents' awareness of influenza-related knowledge (OR=1.38, 95%CI=1.24-1.54), kindergarten children (OR=2.33, 95%CI=1.91-2.83), primary school students (OR=1.26, 95%CI=1.12-1.42), parents with a postgraduate degree or above (OR=1.62, 95%CI=1.13-2.31), and a monthly average family income of 10 000- < 20 000 yuan (OR=1.67, 95%CI=1.41-1.99) were positive correlation factors with influenza vaccination of children (P < 0.05). Among parents of children who have not received the flu vaccine, 61.61% fully accepted flu vaccination or accepted but still considered. The most popular way for parents to obtain flu knowledge was flu prevention and control information from professional institutions during the flu season (77.38%). Conclusions The influenza vaccination rate among kindergarten, as well as primary and junior high school students in Xiqing District of Tianjin is low. Promotion of influenza vaccination among children and increase the vaccination rate of influenza among children might help reduce the risk of campus flu outbreak.
2025, 46(2): 285-289.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025063
Abstract:
Objective To understand the health status of primary school freshmen in Guiyang and the health management service needs of parents after examination, so as to provide a reference for establishment of a collaborative health management framework involving schools, families, and healthcare providers. Methods From September to October 2024, a stratified random cluster sampling method was used in Guiyang City to select 3 210 students and 3 133 parents who participated in the physical examination for primary school freshmen. Demographic indicators, physical examination indicators and laboratory examination indicators of students were collected, and parents' needs for post examination health management service were investigated by self-designed questionnaire. Multiple linear regression analysis was adopted to investigate the related factors of parents' health management service needs after the examination. Results The detection rates of common illness among primary school freshmen were 60.22% for dental caries, 17.23% for screening myopia, 6.11% for obesity, 3.86% for iron deficiency anemia, and 1.15% for scoliosis. The co-occurrence rate of common illness among freshmen during the physical examination was 23.89% (n=767), among which the comorbidity rate of screening myopia and dental caries (8.22%) and obesity and dental caries (4.27%) were higher. About 63.80% parents indicated that the physical examination items were simple, and 2 366 parents (75.52%) indicated a demand for post-examination management services; the average score of parents' demands for post-examination services was (3.12±0.70). In terms of the scores of each dimension, the mean score of nutrition and health (3.58±0.74) was the highest, while the lowest mean score was for traditional Chinese medicine health care (2.77±0.67). The mean scores for the other dimensions were as follows: exercise intervention (3.29±0.79), psychological monitoring (3.17±0.58), and health education and signing (2.81±0.73). The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that parents' educational level (junior high school, high school/vocational school, college/undergraduate and above), living conditions (floating), and children's illness status (1, 2, >3 types) were the related factors of parents' health management service needs after the entrance examination for new students (B=2.16, 3.07, 3.68; -2.19; 3.14, 3.34, 3.11, P < 0.05). Conclusions The prevalence of common illness in primary schools in Guiyang is characterized by a heavy burden from single diseases, with a notable occurrence of multiple comorbidities. After the physical examination, parents have obvious demand for follow-up health management services. These health management services should integrate the concept of multi-disease prevention according to the needs of parents.
2025, 46(2): 290-294.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025015
Abstract:
Short-form video applications provide a new mode of online participation for college students, but also bring some problematic issues, especially short-form video addiction among college students. The article expounds the definition, influencing factors and adverse impacts on physical and mental health of short-form video addiction among college student users by systematically reviewing the existing domestic and foreign literature regarding college students' short-form addiction. Awareness should be raised among families, schools and society regarding college students' addiction to short-form video, and healthy usage of short-form video are encouraged among college students to reduce the risk of addiction to short-form video.
Short-form video applications provide a new mode of online participation for college students, but also bring some problematic issues, especially short-form video addiction among college students. The article expounds the definition, influencing factors and adverse impacts on physical and mental health of short-form video addiction among college student users by systematically reviewing the existing domestic and foreign literature regarding college students' short-form addiction. Awareness should be raised among families, schools and society regarding college students' addiction to short-form video, and healthy usage of short-form video are encouraged among college students to reduce the risk of addiction to short-form video.
2025, 46(2): 295-299.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025045
Abstract:
The issue of multimorbidity in children and adolescents is becoming increasingly prominent, but there is no consensus on the definition of multimorbidity. As research deepens, issues related to the comparability and standardization of relevant findings are gradually emerging. As a solution, a systematic review of both domestic and international research on multimorbidity is conducted, and a classification system for defining the concept of multimorbidity is proposed, offering more convenient conditions for the advancement of future research and cross-study exchange.
The issue of multimorbidity in children and adolescents is becoming increasingly prominent, but there is no consensus on the definition of multimorbidity. As research deepens, issues related to the comparability and standardization of relevant findings are gradually emerging. As a solution, a systematic review of both domestic and international research on multimorbidity is conducted, and a classification system for defining the concept of multimorbidity is proposed, offering more convenient conditions for the advancement of future research and cross-study exchange.
2025, 46(2): 300-304.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025054
Abstract:
In order to explore the pathogenesis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) from a new perspective, it is found through literature review that vitamin D(Vit D) may play a significant role in the onset and development of ASD by inhibiting early brain overgrowth, regulating metabolism of central nervous system, modulating immune responses, reducing inflammation and influencing genome stability. Furthermore, Vit D supplementation in individuals with ASD has shown to alleviate symptoms. However, the mechanisms by which Vit D affects ASD remains unclear, and the effectiveness of Vit D treatment in improving ASD symptoms remains controversial due to variations in sample sizes, detection methods, dosage and confounding factors. Future research needs to focus on multi-center, large-scale randomized controlled trials and ASD animal models with Vit D deficiency to further explore the specific role of Vit D in the pathogenesis and treatment of ASD, which could provide reliable evidence for the early detection, intervention and treatment of ASD.
In order to explore the pathogenesis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) from a new perspective, it is found through literature review that vitamin D(Vit D) may play a significant role in the onset and development of ASD by inhibiting early brain overgrowth, regulating metabolism of central nervous system, modulating immune responses, reducing inflammation and influencing genome stability. Furthermore, Vit D supplementation in individuals with ASD has shown to alleviate symptoms. However, the mechanisms by which Vit D affects ASD remains unclear, and the effectiveness of Vit D treatment in improving ASD symptoms remains controversial due to variations in sample sizes, detection methods, dosage and confounding factors. Future research needs to focus on multi-center, large-scale randomized controlled trials and ASD animal models with Vit D deficiency to further explore the specific role of Vit D in the pathogenesis and treatment of ASD, which could provide reliable evidence for the early detection, intervention and treatment of ASD.
2021, 42(9): 1281-1282.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.09.001
摘要：
根据国务院1987年同意建立的全国学生体质与健康调研制度, 2019年, 教育部等部署开展了第八次全国学生体质与健康调研工作。发现中国学生体质与健康状况总体有所改善, 并提出了促进学生体质与健康水平提高的主要因素, 针对本次调研发现的问题提出以下相关安排: 全面加强和改进学校体育工作、落实学校卫生与健康教育政策要求、持续综合防控儿童青少年近视、实施全国健康学校建设计划。
根据国务院1987年同意建立的全国学生体质与健康调研制度, 2019年, 教育部等部署开展了第八次全国学生体质与健康调研工作。发现中国学生体质与健康状况总体有所改善, 并提出了促进学生体质与健康水平提高的主要因素, 针对本次调研发现的问题提出以下相关安排: 全面加强和改进学校体育工作、落实学校卫生与健康教育政策要求、持续综合防控儿童青少年近视、实施全国健康学校建设计划。
2018, 39(2): 170-173.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2018.02.005
摘要：
编制适合我国使用的青少年非自杀性自伤行为评定问卷,并对其信效度进行评价,为更好地了解我国青少年非自杀性自杀行为提供工具.方法 自行编制青少年非自杀性自伤行为评定问卷.采用分层整群抽样方法,选取沈阳、郑州、南昌和深圳部分在校初、高中学生,共15 096人进行问卷调查.通过同质信度、分半信度、结构效度等评价问卷的信效度.选取合肥市某中学94名学生使用自残功能性评估问卷(Functional Assessment of Self-mutilation,FASM)作为校标问卷进行调查,考察问卷的效标关联效度.结果 青少年非自杀性自伤行为评定问卷分为行为问卷(12个条目)和功能问卷(19个条目)2部分.行为问卷的Cronbachα系数为0.921,分半信度为0.851,重测信度为0.843,累计方差贡献率为64.914%,与校标问卷FASM行为维度得分的相关系数r=0.833(P<0.01).功能问卷总分的Cronbach α系数为0.905,分半信度为0.786,重测信度为0.805,累计方差贡献率为53.871%,与校标问卷FASM功能维度得分的相关系数r=0.859(P<0.01).结论 青少年非自杀性自伤行为评定问卷具有较好的信效度,可作为我国青少年非自杀性自伤行为和功能的评定工具.
编制适合我国使用的青少年非自杀性自伤行为评定问卷,并对其信效度进行评价,为更好地了解我国青少年非自杀性自杀行为提供工具.方法 自行编制青少年非自杀性自伤行为评定问卷.采用分层整群抽样方法,选取沈阳、郑州、南昌和深圳部分在校初、高中学生,共15 096人进行问卷调查.通过同质信度、分半信度、结构效度等评价问卷的信效度.选取合肥市某中学94名学生使用自残功能性评估问卷(Functional Assessment of Self-mutilation,FASM)作为校标问卷进行调查,考察问卷的效标关联效度.结果 青少年非自杀性自伤行为评定问卷分为行为问卷(12个条目)和功能问卷(19个条目)2部分.行为问卷的Cronbachα系数为0.921,分半信度为0.851,重测信度为0.843,累计方差贡献率为64.914%,与校标问卷FASM行为维度得分的相关系数r=0.833(P<0.01).功能问卷总分的Cronbach α系数为0.905,分半信度为0.786,重测信度为0.805,累计方差贡献率为53.871%,与校标问卷FASM功能维度得分的相关系数r=0.859(P<0.01).结论 青少年非自杀性自伤行为评定问卷具有较好的信效度,可作为我国青少年非自杀性自伤行为和功能的评定工具.
2019, 40(1): 83-85.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2019.01.022
摘要：
探讨不同强度体育锻炼对提升高校学生心理健康和心理韧性的效果,为大学生体育教学改革提供相关研究资料.方法 按照整群抽样的原则,选取武汉职业技术学院1 546名大一学生作为研究对象,利用SCL-90自评量表和青少年心理韧性量表进行调查.将学生按班级分为对照1,2,3组和观察组,其中对照1组390名,按照常规体育课程进行锻炼;对照2组385名,给予小运动强度锻炼;对照3组387名,给予大强度体育锻炼;观察组384名,给予中等强度锻炼.结果 干预后,观察组大学生SCL-90量表中躯体化、强迫、人际敏感、抑郁、焦虑、偏执得分明显优于对照1组、2组以及3组(F值分别为3.57,3.33,4.27,5.28,3.82,4.29,P值均<0.01);心理韧性调查表得分观察组明显优于对照1,2组,差异有统计学意义(P值均<0.01).观察组学生认为体育锻炼可对社交、身心健康、精神解脱以及自我磨炼等产生良好的影响,与其余组别学生得分差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05).结论 中等强度的体育锻炼可有效提升高校学生心理健康和心理韧性,值得关注.
探讨不同强度体育锻炼对提升高校学生心理健康和心理韧性的效果,为大学生体育教学改革提供相关研究资料.方法 按照整群抽样的原则,选取武汉职业技术学院1 546名大一学生作为研究对象,利用SCL-90自评量表和青少年心理韧性量表进行调查.将学生按班级分为对照1,2,3组和观察组,其中对照1组390名,按照常规体育课程进行锻炼;对照2组385名,给予小运动强度锻炼;对照3组387名,给予大强度体育锻炼;观察组384名,给予中等强度锻炼.结果 干预后,观察组大学生SCL-90量表中躯体化、强迫、人际敏感、抑郁、焦虑、偏执得分明显优于对照1组、2组以及3组(F值分别为3.57,3.33,4.27,5.28,3.82,4.29,P值均<0.01);心理韧性调查表得分观察组明显优于对照1,2组,差异有统计学意义(P值均<0.01).观察组学生认为体育锻炼可对社交、身心健康、精神解脱以及自我磨炼等产生良好的影响,与其余组别学生得分差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05).结论 中等强度的体育锻炼可有效提升高校学生心理健康和心理韧性,值得关注.
2020, 41(2): 166-168,172.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2020.02.002
摘要：
儿童青少年近视防控是一项系统工程,需要政府主导、全社会共同努力.为扎实推进近视防控工作,普及近视防控的适宜技术,国家卫生健康委员会颁布实施了《儿童青少年近视防控适宜技术指南》(简称《指南》).本文围绕《指南》的背景、意义和主要内容等方面进行解读,以提高公共卫生专业工作者和关注儿童青少年近视防控工作相关人员对《指南》内容的理解.
儿童青少年近视防控是一项系统工程,需要政府主导、全社会共同努力.为扎实推进近视防控工作,普及近视防控的适宜技术,国家卫生健康委员会颁布实施了《儿童青少年近视防控适宜技术指南》(简称《指南》).本文围绕《指南》的背景、意义和主要内容等方面进行解读,以提高公共卫生专业工作者和关注儿童青少年近视防控工作相关人员对《指南》内容的理解.
2020, 41(10): 1583-1587.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2020.10.040
摘要：
大学生体质下降现已成为一项严峻的全球性社会问题,受到各国政府的高度重视和研究人员的密切关注,而身体活动量减少是造成大学生体质健康水平下降的直接原因.影响大学生身体活动量减少的因素较多,其中不良生活方式是较为重要的原因,健康生活方式对包括柔韧、肌肉力量、耐力、体质量指数(BMI)等身体健康指标,以及舒张压、收缩压、三酰甘油、总胆固醇等冠心病危险因素均有积极影响[1].本文拟对国内外大学生生活方式与体质健康水平研究现状进行梳理与分析,了解生活方式对大学生体质健康影响情况及干预策略,以期为我国大学生体质改善提供指导.
大学生体质下降现已成为一项严峻的全球性社会问题,受到各国政府的高度重视和研究人员的密切关注,而身体活动量减少是造成大学生体质健康水平下降的直接原因.影响大学生身体活动量减少的因素较多,其中不良生活方式是较为重要的原因,健康生活方式对包括柔韧、肌肉力量、耐力、体质量指数(BMI)等身体健康指标,以及舒张压、收缩压、三酰甘油、总胆固醇等冠心病危险因素均有积极影响[1].本文拟对国内外大学生生活方式与体质健康水平研究现状进行梳理与分析,了解生活方式对大学生体质健康影响情况及干预策略,以期为我国大学生体质改善提供指导.
2018, 39(11): 1605-1608,1612.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2018.11.002
摘要：
为切实加强新时代儿童青少年近视防控工作,教育部、国家卫生健康委员会等八部门于近日颁布实施《综合防控儿童青少年近视实施方案》(以下简称《实施方案》),将防控儿童青少年近视上升为国家战略.该文阐述了《实施方案》的出台背景、政策亮点和重要部署,以及教育部等八部门、各省份和地方教育系统对《实施方案》的贯彻落实情况.提出下一步综合防控儿童青少年近视的重点任务为以问题导向和目标导向为指引,狠抓工作落实,强化考核刚性约束,完善“政府主导、部门协同、专家指导、科研支撑、学校参与、家庭支持、社会共治”的综合防控体系.
为切实加强新时代儿童青少年近视防控工作,教育部、国家卫生健康委员会等八部门于近日颁布实施《综合防控儿童青少年近视实施方案》(以下简称《实施方案》),将防控儿童青少年近视上升为国家战略.该文阐述了《实施方案》的出台背景、政策亮点和重要部署,以及教育部等八部门、各省份和地方教育系统对《实施方案》的贯彻落实情况.提出下一步综合防控儿童青少年近视的重点任务为以问题导向和目标导向为指引,狠抓工作落实,强化考核刚性约束,完善“政府主导、部门协同、专家指导、科研支撑、学校参与、家庭支持、社会共治”的综合防控体系.
2018, 39(1): 6-8,12.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2018.01.002
摘要：
我国儿童青少年的近视发病率居高不下,并呈低龄化的趋势,流行形势非常严峻,其中环境因素是近视病因研究的热点.本文对国内外儿童青少年近距离用眼、户外活动、睡眠时长、照明条件、饮食习惯等与近视发生的关系进行文献研究和分析,提出了针对社会、学校、家庭、学生和特殊个体不同角度的干预策略,以最大限度地保护儿童青少年的视力.
我国儿童青少年的近视发病率居高不下,并呈低龄化的趋势,流行形势非常严峻,其中环境因素是近视病因研究的热点.本文对国内外儿童青少年近距离用眼、户外活动、睡眠时长、照明条件、饮食习惯等与近视发生的关系进行文献研究和分析,提出了针对社会、学校、家庭、学生和特殊个体不同角度的干预策略,以最大限度地保护儿童青少年的视力.
2019, 40(2): 206-209.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2019.02.013
摘要：
了解江苏省大学生体育锻炼参与现状及影响因素,为促进大学生体质健康发展提供参考.方法 分层整群抽取江苏省12所高校2 643名大学生进行体育锻炼参与行为的问卷调查.结果 仅有2.3%(60/2 643)的大学生每周上体育课课时数≥3学时,29.9%(790名)每周参与课外体育锻炼次数≥3次,14.8%(391名)每天参与体育锻炼时间≥lh,23.0%(609名)掌握的运动技能项数≥3项,45.7%(1 208名)未参加体育社团,17.8%(471名)参与校外体育俱乐部等社会体育组织;40.1%(1 059名)的学生认为体育课程内容缺乏趣味性,31.9%(845名)的学生不喜欢体育教师或其授课方式,19.4%(514名)认为缺乏体育场地或器材,21.1%(558名)认为体育锻炼对学习效果没影响,28.9%(764名)认为体育课程及相关活动对就业没有影响,17.1%(451名)认为体育成绩好坏不影响在校评优和进步;大学生体育锻炼参与行为现状及不喜欢体育锻炼原因的性别、年级和地区差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05).单因素Logistic回归分析显示,性别、年级、地区、课程内容缺乏趣味性、不喜欢体育教师的授课方式、缺乏体育场地或器材是江苏省大学生体育锻炼参与行为的影响因素(P值均<0.05).结论 江苏省大学生体育锻炼参与行为现状情况不容乐观,促进大学生体育锻炼参与行为需要社会、学校和个人兼容并济,共同努力.
了解江苏省大学生体育锻炼参与现状及影响因素,为促进大学生体质健康发展提供参考.方法 分层整群抽取江苏省12所高校2 643名大学生进行体育锻炼参与行为的问卷调查.结果 仅有2.3%(60/2 643)的大学生每周上体育课课时数≥3学时,29.9%(790名)每周参与课外体育锻炼次数≥3次,14.8%(391名)每天参与体育锻炼时间≥lh,23.0%(609名)掌握的运动技能项数≥3项,45.7%(1 208名)未参加体育社团,17.8%(471名)参与校外体育俱乐部等社会体育组织;40.1%(1 059名)的学生认为体育课程内容缺乏趣味性,31.9%(845名)的学生不喜欢体育教师或其授课方式,19.4%(514名)认为缺乏体育场地或器材,21.1%(558名)认为体育锻炼对学习效果没影响,28.9%(764名)认为体育课程及相关活动对就业没有影响,17.1%(451名)认为体育成绩好坏不影响在校评优和进步;大学生体育锻炼参与行为现状及不喜欢体育锻炼原因的性别、年级和地区差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05).单因素Logistic回归分析显示,性别、年级、地区、课程内容缺乏趣味性、不喜欢体育教师的授课方式、缺乏体育场地或器材是江苏省大学生体育锻炼参与行为的影响因素(P值均<0.05).结论 江苏省大学生体育锻炼参与行为现状情况不容乐观,促进大学生体育锻炼参与行为需要社会、学校和个人兼容并济,共同努力.
2019, 40(4): 542-545.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2019.04.018
摘要：
探讨运动干预对焦虑女大学生睡眠质量的影响,以及负性情绪在运动干预影响睡眠质量中的中介效应,为指导睡眠障碍患者的康复提供参考.方法 以北京师范大学70名焦虑女大学生为研究对象,随机分为实验组(34名)和对照组(36名);实验组进行8周有氧运动与瑜伽训练结合的干预,对照组在相同时间正常学习生活不进行规律运动;采用匹兹堡睡眠质量量表(PSQI)、正性负性情绪量表(PANAS)、焦虑自评量表(SAS),评估被试运动干预前后的睡眠与负性情绪水平.结果 运动干预后,实验组睡眠质量(4.31±1.26)、焦虑(36.41±7.32)和负性情绪(2.37±0.50)得分较干预前[(8.41±3.11)(53.76±2.70)(2.79±0.59)]均显著改善(P值均<0.01),而对照组干预前后差异无统计学意义(P值均>0.05).中介效应检验显示,负性情绪在运动对睡眠质量的影响中起部分中介作用(t=6.77,P<0.01).结论 运动干预显著改善了焦虑女大学生睡眠质量和负性情绪水平,负性情绪在运动改善睡眠质量过程中起部分中介作用.
探讨运动干预对焦虑女大学生睡眠质量的影响,以及负性情绪在运动干预影响睡眠质量中的中介效应,为指导睡眠障碍患者的康复提供参考.方法 以北京师范大学70名焦虑女大学生为研究对象,随机分为实验组(34名)和对照组(36名);实验组进行8周有氧运动与瑜伽训练结合的干预,对照组在相同时间正常学习生活不进行规律运动;采用匹兹堡睡眠质量量表(PSQI)、正性负性情绪量表(PANAS)、焦虑自评量表(SAS),评估被试运动干预前后的睡眠与负性情绪水平.结果 运动干预后,实验组睡眠质量(4.31±1.26)、焦虑(36.41±7.32)和负性情绪(2.37±0.50)得分较干预前[(8.41±3.11)(53.76±2.70)(2.79±0.59)]均显著改善(P值均<0.01),而对照组干预前后差异无统计学意义(P值均>0.05).中介效应检验显示,负性情绪在运动对睡眠质量的影响中起部分中介作用(t=6.77,P<0.01).结论 运动干预显著改善了焦虑女大学生睡眠质量和负性情绪水平,负性情绪在运动改善睡眠质量过程中起部分中介作用.
2018, 39(2): 232-235.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2018.02.022
摘要：
探索大学生心理健康状况的动态发展规律及领悟社会支持的影响,为制定更有针对性的保护大学生心理健康的措施提供参考.方法 采用整群抽样的方法,使用大学生人格问卷(University Personality Inventory,UPI)和领悟社会支持量表(Perceived Social Support Scale,PSSS)对广州某高校2014年入学的2 301名大学生进行追踪研究.2次施测的时间分别是2014年9月23日和2016年9月25日.结果 大三时学生的UPI得分(9.18±8.49)低于大一(10.11±7.87)(t=29.90,P<0.01).大三时学生严重心理问题的人数比例比大一上升1.0百分点,一般心理问题的人数比例下降1.7百分点,心理健康的人数比例上升0.7百分点(x2=377.59,P<0.01).女生UPI得分(10.09±8.32)高于男生(8.81±7.91)(t=17.13,P<0.01).领悟社会支持水平越高,UPI得分越低(F=149.65,P<0.01).大一时学生UPI为A类(严重心理问题)且低领悟社会支持的大三UPI得分最高,大一UPI为C类(心理健康)且高领悟社会支持的大三UPI得分最低;高领悟社会支持条件下,大一UPI A/B(一般心理问题)/C类的学生大三UPI得分均低于低领悟社会支持条件下的学生.结论 大学生入校后,心理健康状况呈2个动态两极化的趋势发展.领悟社会支持能力对大学生心理健康动态发展具有持续性的调节作用.
探索大学生心理健康状况的动态发展规律及领悟社会支持的影响,为制定更有针对性的保护大学生心理健康的措施提供参考.方法 采用整群抽样的方法,使用大学生人格问卷(University Personality Inventory,UPI)和领悟社会支持量表(Perceived Social Support Scale,PSSS)对广州某高校2014年入学的2 301名大学生进行追踪研究.2次施测的时间分别是2014年9月23日和2016年9月25日.结果 大三时学生的UPI得分(9.18±8.49)低于大一(10.11±7.87)(t=29.90,P<0.01).大三时学生严重心理问题的人数比例比大一上升1.0百分点,一般心理问题的人数比例下降1.7百分点,心理健康的人数比例上升0.7百分点(x2=377.59,P<0.01).女生UPI得分(10.09±8.32)高于男生(8.81±7.91)(t=17.13,P<0.01).领悟社会支持水平越高,UPI得分越低(F=149.65,P<0.01).大一时学生UPI为A类(严重心理问题)且低领悟社会支持的大三UPI得分最高,大一UPI为C类(心理健康)且高领悟社会支持的大三UPI得分最低;高领悟社会支持条件下,大一UPI A/B(一般心理问题)/C类的学生大三UPI得分均低于低领悟社会支持条件下的学生.结论 大学生入校后,心理健康状况呈2个动态两极化的趋势发展.领悟社会支持能力对大学生心理健康动态发展具有持续性的调节作用.
2021, 42(9): 1281-1282.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.09.001
Abstract:
2018, 39(6): 832-835.
doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2018.06.009
Abstract:
Found in 1980 Monthly
Competent Authorities: National Disease Control and Prevention Administration
Sponsored by: Chinese Preventive Medicine Association
ISSN1000-9817
CN34-1092/R
Awards
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