2021 Vol. 42, No. 8

Display Method:
Reduce students' non-essential sedentary behavior and promote sports and labor education to livelihood
CHEN Yajun, ZENG Xia, LIANG Jinghong
2021, 42(8): 1121-1123, 1134. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.08.001
Abstract(1079) HTML (382) PDF(196)
Abstract:
Sedentary behaviors have gradually become the most popular "activity" in daily life. Too many non-essential sedentary behaviors, such as the excessive consumption of video entertainment, pose a serious threat to health and generate a heavy burden of disease to society. There is an urgent need to raise awareness and take measures to curb sedentary behaviors. Childhood is a period of opportunity, during which caregivers can shape the behavioral habits of children and encourage them to adopt favorable behaviors, which can directly affect the physical health of the nation's future population. Recently, the government has successively promulgated relevant policies to encourage students' sports and labor education to livelihood. It is particularly critical that such policies are implemented in practice.
Application of artificial intelligence to mental healthcare in primary and middle schools
GUO Yi, HOU Chenyu
2021, 42(8): 1124-1128. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.08.002
Abstract(1383) HTML (804) PDF(145)
Abstract:
Mental health services in primary and middle schools are facing multiple challenges, including dramatic increase in mental health support, low rate of mental health screening, high vigilance against psychological therapies, and lack of initiatives among students. The interdisciplinary integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and psychology in China, combined with biosensors, language recognition, blood spectrum sensing, and counseling big data, has pointed to a novel mental health service model. This new model, incorporating human-computer interaction and objective algorithm, fits the contemporary students' characteristics. Through monitoring real-time physiological status, regulating emotional responses, and modifying cognitive modes, AI to mental health services can work effectively in mental health screening and counseling in primary and middle schools. It may become an innovative approach to build artificial intelligence for mental health service in schools.
Emotional and behavioral problems and determinants among primary and middle school students aged 6 to 17-year-old in Guangdong Province during the COVID-19 pandemic
KAKAER Aerziguli, ZHANG Shuxin, HUANG Sizhe, CHEN Zhao, TAN Kaiyun, LIANG Jinghong, CHEN Yajun
2021, 42(8): 1129-1134. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.08.003
Abstract(1045) HTML (480) PDF(149)
Abstract:
  Objective  To gain a better understanding of the emotional and behavioral problems associated determinants of primary and middle school students from Guangdong Province during the COVID-19 pandemic, so as to provide a basis for developing targeted intervention strategies.  Methods  Using the method of convenience sampling, an online questionnaire survey was carried out among primary and middle school students from Guangzhou, Zhanjiang and Zhongshan from March to April 2020. The emotional and behavioral problems of primary and middle school students were assessed using the Conners' Parental Symptoms Questionnaire(PSQ), and a self-compiled questionnaire was used to collect basic information related to the primary and middle school students and the influencing factors of emotional and behavioral problems. A total of 7 755 valid questionnaires were retrieved and statistically analyzed using the chi-square test and multivariate Logistic regression.  Results  The detection rate of emotional and behavioral problems among children and adolescents aged 6 to 17-years-old in Guangdong Province was 14.8%; that was 21.0%, 14.4%, 7.3%, and 10.1% in lower primary school students, upper primary school students, junior high school students, and high school students, respectively. The detection rate of the psychosomatic and hyperactivity index in boys was higher than that observed in girls, and the detection rate of anxiety in boys was lower than that observed in girls(P < 0.05). There were statistically significant differences in emotional and behavioral problems in children in different grades(P < 0.05). The results of the regression analysis showed that male students were at risk of psychosomatic (OR=1.37, 95%CI=1.04-1.82) and hyperactivity disorders(OR=1.58, 95%CI=1.21-2.06), whereas the male gender was a protective factor for anxiety(OR=0.50, 95%CI=0.39-0.64). Grades were identified as the influencing factors of all of the factors related to emotional and behavioral problems. Students who reported excessive screen time and insufficient sleep were more likely to experience emotional and behavioral problems.  Conclusion  The detection rate of emotional and behavioral problems among primary and middle school students in Guangdong Province during the COVID-19 epidemic was high, which was associated with sex, grade, screen time and sleep. It is necessary to develop and implement targeted intervention measures.
Associations of physical activity and screen time with emotional and behavioral problems in children
GUI Zhaohuan, WANG Hui, ZHANG Jingshu, CHEN Yajun
2021, 42(8): 1135-1139. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.08.004
Abstract(1161) HTML (468) PDF(122)
Abstract:
  Objective  To investigate the associations of moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) and screen time (ST) with emotional and behavioral problems in children and to provide evidence for related intervention measures.  Methods  In March 2017, a total of 4 922 children aged 6-12 years from 5 primary schools in Guangzhou were enrolled using stratified random cluster sampling method. Questionnaires were used to assess children's socio-demographic information, MVPA, ST and emotional and behavioral problems. The associations of MVPA and ST with behavioral problems were explored by using generalized linear mixed models.  Results  Students with MVPA≥60 min per day accounted for 37.5%, and with ST≤2 h per day accounted for 87.7%. Children who were physically active showed lower scores for total difficulties, hyperactivity, and peer problems and higher score for prosocial than inactive peers(t=2.80, 2.47, 2.56, -1.97, all P < 0.05). Also, children who spent less than 2 h ST per day reported lower scores for total difficulties, emotional symptoms, conduct problems, hyperactivity, and peer problems and higher score for prosocial compared to those with high ST(t=3.18, 3.35, 3.70, 3.80, -3.21, 4.97, all P < 0.05). Children who met neither MVPA nor ST recommendations had significantly increased risks of total difficulties(OR=1.73, 95%CI=1.12-2.68), conduct problems(OR=1.45, 95%CI=1.02-2.05), peer problems(OR=1.93, 95%CI=1.11-3.36), and prosocial (OR=1.55, 95%CI=1.08-2.23) than those who met both.  Conclusion  MVPA and ST are independently related to children's emotional and behavioral problems, and the risks of emotional and behavioral problems increased in children with insufficient MVPA and longer ST.
Association of sedentary bouts with cardiometabolic risk factors among children aged 7 to 12 years in Guangzhou
TAN Kaiyun, GUI Zhaohuan, ZHANG Jingshu, CHEN Yajun
2021, 42(8): 1140-1143. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.08.005
Abstract(776) HTML (354) PDF(36)
Abstract:
  Objective  To investigate the association between sedentary bouts and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, and to provide a reference for controlling and reducing the incidence of CVD in children.  Methods  Cluster random sampling was used to select 356 students from five primary schools in Guangzhou. Sedentary behavior and physical activity were assessed using ActiGraph GT3X accelerometers, which were worn for 7 consecutive days. According to the sedentary bout duration of each participant, sedentary time was classified into categories of 1- < 5, 5- < 10, 10- < 15, 15- < 20 and ≥20 min bouts. Physical examinations were carried out to identify cardiometabolic risk factors. Multivariate linear regression was performed to analyze the relationship between sedentary bouts and CVD risk factors.  Results  After adjusting for confounding factors, the time accumulated in sedentary bouts of 5- < 10, 10- < 15, 15- < 20 min in duration were positively associated with higher cardiometabolic risk scores (B=1.24, 2.01, 2.40), negatively associated with lower HDL (B=-0.13, -0.21, -0.27). The time accumulated in sedentary bouts of 1- < 5, 5- < 10, 10- < 15, 15- < 20 min in duration were positively associated with BMI levels (B=1.07, 1.89, 2.86, 3.65), and waist circumference (B=2.79, 4.81, 8.04, 10.14)(P < 0.05).  Conclusion  These results suggested that sedentary bouts of 5- < 20 min were associated with an unfavorable cardiometabolic risk profile. Our finding suggests no more than 20 min accumulated sedentary time for children.
Association of sedentary behaviors with visual acuity among primary school students: a cohort study
CHEN Yujing, CHEN Yajun, GUI Zhaohuan, BAO Wenwen, ZHANG Jingshu, TAN Kaiyun, ZHANG Shuxin, CAI Li
2021, 42(8): 1144-1147. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.08.006
Abstract(989) HTML (411) PDF(76)
Abstract:
  Objective  To examine the association of sedentary behaviors with visual acuity among primary school children, and to provide a reference basis for the prevention and control of poor vision.  Methods  Using stratified random cluster sampling method, a total of 4 969 students in grade 1-4 were selected from 5 primary schools in Guangzhou in 2017, and then were followed up in 2019. A validated questionnaire was used to collect data on children's sedentary behaviors, including doing homework, watching TV, playing computer/video games, and taking the bus/car between home and school. Visual acuity was measured in the baseline and the follow-up using a 5 m standard logarithmic visual acuity chart. Multiple linear regression and Logistic regression were conducted to analyze the relationship between sedentary behaviors and visual changes.  Results  The two-year cumulative incidence of poor vision was 48.74%. Homework time was inversely associated with visual acuity of left eye(β=-0.012, 95%CI=-0.023--0.002). Homework time was positively correlated with poor vision(OR=1.16, 95%CI=1.05-1.27). However, total sedentary time, screen time and bus/car time were not statistically associated with changes in visual acuity(P>0.05).  Conclusion  Increased homework time was associated with poorer vision in primary school students. Interventions to reduce the academic burden should be taken.
Current status and correlates of screen time among children in Guangdong during the COVID-19 pandemic
ZHANG Shuxin, TAN Kaiyun, HUANG Sizhe, CHEN Zhao, LIANG Jinghong, CHEN Yajun
2021, 42(8): 1148-1151, 1155. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.08.007
Abstract(902) HTML (390) PDF(74)
Abstract:
  Objective  To investigate the current status of online classes, screen time and its influencing factors among primary school students in Guangdong during the 2019 novel coronavirus pandemic.  Methods  Using the convenience sampling method, a total of 5 266 pupils aged 6-12-years-old from Guangzhou, Zhanjiang, and Zhongshan participated in the online questionnaire. ANOVA or chi-square tests were performed to compare differences in online classes and screen time between grades, and multinomial Logistic regression was performed to analyze the correlates of recreational screen time.  Results  The prevalence of prolonged recreational screen time was 42.2% and 55.2% on weekdays and weekends, respectively. Recreational screen time increased by 40.31 min/d on weekdays and 33.07 min/d on weekends, compared to usual school semesters. The average duration of an online class was (26.07±9.62) min, which totaled (110.41±51.98)min per day. Sex, grade, being the only child, and parents' education levels were identified as the influencing factors of prolonged recreational screen time. Children who practiced moderate levels (weekdays: OR=1.27; weekends: OR=1.40; P < 0.05) or lower levels of physical activity (weekdays: OR=1.86; weekend: OR=1.84; P < 0.05) were at a higher risk of prolonged recreational screen time than those who practiced more vigorous physical activity. Children whose parents limited their screen time to a moderate (weekdays: OR=1.61, P < 0.05) or lower level (weekdays: OR=1.32, P < 0.05) had a higher risk of prolonged recreational screen time than those with a higher frequency. Children with parents' recreational screen time ≥2 h/d had a higher risk of prolonged recreational screen time than the reference group; children who exhibited moderate to vigorous levels of physical activity < 1 h/d (weekdays: OR=1.31, P < 0.05), and those used electronic devices for learning 1-2 h/d (weekdays: OR=2.65; weekend: OR=2.65; P < 0.05) or for ≥2 h/d (weekdays: OR=4.05, weekend: OR=5.24, P < 0.05) were at a higher risk of prolonged recreational screen time than the reference group.  Conclusion  During the COVID-19 pandemic, the level of screen time among children in Guangdong was high. Behavioral monitoring and targeted interventions are needed to promote children's health.
Lunch supply in public primary school canteens in Zhejiang Province
ZHAO Dong, HAN Dan, ZHU Dafang, SU Danting, HUANG Lichun, WANG Wei, HE Mengjie, FANG Yueqiang, ZHANG Ronghua
2021, 42(8): 1152-1155. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.08.008
Abstract(767) HTML (310) PDF(49)
Abstract:
  Objective  To investigate lunch supply of public primary school canteens in Zhejiang Province, and to provide a basis for the scientific guidance of school lunch.  Methods  During May to Jun. and Sept. to Oct. in 2019, lunch food supply was weighed and recorded and the number of diners in 44 public primary school canteens were summarized. Each investigation lasted for one week.  Results  Food was mainly based on the taste of the students (40.91%) in the school canteen. About 45.45% of the schools referred to the Nutrition Guidelines of School Meals for students' meals when making recipes in the school canteen. The supplies of cereals, vegetables, fruits, livestock and poultry meat, fish and shrimp, eggs, milk, soybean nuts, vegetable oil and salt were 109.05, 118.01, 0, 63.96, 9.25, 11.31, 0, 10.68, 10.47, 2.54 g. The supply of vegetable oil was basically the same as the recommended amount (P>0.05). The supplies of energy, protein, calcium, iron, zinc, vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin C, dietary fiber were 820.84 kcal, 32.79 g, 164.18 mg, 7.84 mg, 4.71 mg, 23.07 μgRAE, 0.41 mg, 0.35 mg, 20.47 mg, 2.34 g, 37.56% of energy from fat and 48.47% of energy from carbohydrate. The supply of vitamin B1 was basically the same as the recommended amount (P>0.05). There were no significant differences in all kinds of food and nutrients between urban and rural primary schools (P>0.05).  Conclusion  Lunch supply is not optimistic in public primary school canteens in Zhejiang Province, with unreasonable structure and fails to agree with current nutritional recommendations. It is suggested that the scientific guidance of students' meals should be carried out according to the survey results combined with the characteristics of local diet.
A Meta-analysis on the effectiveness of multiple health education implementation forms on exercise behavior among college students
LI Zhen, WANG Chenyu, XIAO Tao, ZHEN Jie, HAN Yongqiang
2021, 42(8): 1156-1161. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.08.009
Abstract(836) HTML (380) PDF(79)
Abstract:
  Objective  To compare the effectiveness of three forms of health education including classroom teaching, network teaching and after-class tutoring on exercise behavior among college students.  Methods  A literature search was performed using web of science, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and CNKI database on randomized controlled trials of health education intervention on exercise behavior among college students. Literature filtering, data extraction, and assessment of the risks of bias were conducted by two independent researchers using Stata 16.0 software based on traditional Meta-analysis and network meta-analysis.  Results  A total of 23 literatures were included. The results showed that health education courses could effectively increase the weekly exercise time of college students(SMD=0.29), exercise frequency (SMD=0.25) and number of students participating in exercise(OR=1.33). Subgroup analysis revealed that the increase in classroom teaching and network teaching associated with increased weekly exercise time (SMD=0.45, 0.36), exercise frequency (SMD=0.22, 0.37) and exercise number (OR=1.36, 1.26)(all P < 0.05); The effect of after-class tutoring on the time and frequency of weekly exercise was not statistically significant(P>0.05). Indirect comparison showed that the effects of classroom teaching and network teaching on weekly exercise time, and exercise frequency were superior to that of extracurricular counselling(P < 0.05); There were no significant differences in the weekly exercise time, frequency and number of participants between the two groups(P>0.05). Based on SUCRA method and the effect size, health education in the form of classroom teaching may have the greatest effect on the weekly exercise time, frequency and the number of students participating in the exercise(SUCRA=91.5, 94.1, 87.1).  Conclusion  Health education in the form of classroom teaching and network teaching can positively influence exercise behavior of college students.It is suggested that health education courses should be carried out in college courses so as to better promote college students to participate in physical exercise.
Attitude towards electronic cigarette and associated factors among college students in Zhejiang Province
JIN Huyi, YE Ming, HU Yunan, TENG Weidong, XU Yanling, SHEN Qianzhu, ZHAO Falin
2021, 42(8): 1162-1164, 1168. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.08.010
Abstract(1065) HTML (396) PDF(88)
Abstract:
  Objective  To understand the attitude of college students in Zhejiang towards e-cigarette and its influencing factors, so as to provide basis for making prevention and control strategies.  Methods  In September 2020, 10 colleges and universities in Zhejiang Province were selected to conduct an online survey by a combination of typical sampling method and convenience sampling method. A multivariable Logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors.  Results  Among 884 subjects, 93 (10.52%) were positive about e-cigarettes, 310 (35.07%) thought e-cigarettes were harmless, 252 (28.51%) thought e-cigarettes were not addictive and 67 (7.58%) of respondents were using e-cigarettes. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that gender, grade, cost of living, whether or not smoking e-cigarettes were harmful to college students' attitudes towards e-cigarettes(OR=0.59, 0.47, 1.87, 0.34, 0.54, P < 0.05).  Conclusion  College students in Zhejiang Province have a positive attitude towards electronics and are not active in avoiding the dangers of smoking. To make full use of the work of concentrated trainees in tobacco control, efforts should be made to break the positive image of e-cigarettes. Junior college students should be the prioritized population for intervention, and female students should not be neglected.
Psychoactive substance abuse and associated factors among middle school students in Liaoning
YANG Yueming, YANG Hongyu, YANG Yang, GENG Fengying, LIAO Jianbo, JIN Dan
2021, 42(8): 1165-1168. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.08.011
Abstract(664) HTML (281) PDF(35)
Abstract:
  Objective  To investigate psychoactive substance abuse and associated factors among middle school students in Liaoning, and to provide policy suggestions and reference opinions for relevant departments.  Methods  A questionnaire survey was conducted among 12 598 middle school students in 10 cities of Liaoning by multi-stage stratified cluster sampling. Multivariate Logistic regression model was used to analyze associated factors of psychoactive substance abuse.  Results  About 0.94% (n=118) of all participants reported substance abuse behavior, the highest abuse rate was in the third grade students in vocational middle school, the most common psychoactive substance was "laughing balloon", accounting for 0.57%. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis revealed that girls, moderate academic burden were generally negatively associated with more psychoactive substance use(OR=0.57, 0.58, P < 0.05). Academic performance class was ranked in the last ten, monthly pocket money more than 500 yuan and sleep with medication were generally positively associated with more psychoactive substance use (OR=1.93, 2.52, 4.29, P < 0.05).  Conclusion  The problem of psychoactive substance abuse among middle school students can not be ignored. Effective prevention and control of psychoactive substance abuse can be achieved through publicity, education, awareness-raising, early intervention, counseling and treatment, and through coordination of adolescents, families, schools, government and the society.
A Meta-analysis of the effect of functional training on idiopathic scoliosis in adolescents
HAN Nana, YU Lei, HUANG Huiming
2021, 42(8): 1169-1174. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.08.012
Abstract(1110) HTML (592) PDF(107)
Abstract:
  Objective  To evaluate the effect of functional training on the improvement of Cobb Angle, ATR and quality of life in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.  Methods  Database of CNKI, WanFang, WeiPu, Web of Science, PubMed were reconnoitered for the purpose of research articles of Interest. Literature was screened according to the inclusion criteria, randomized controlled trials (RCTS) were collected and Cochrane risk bias assessment methodology quality was used, and Revman 5.3 software was used to conduct combined effector subgroup analysis on outcome indicators (Cobb Angle, ATR, SRS-22 patient questionnaire).  Results  A total of 10 RCT (398 AIS patients) were included in the study. There were two high-, five moderate-and three low-quality studies, respectively. Compared with other non-operative treatments, functional training could reduce Cobb horn in patients, MD=-6.56 (95%CI=-7.30--5.83, P < 0.01, I2=0). Further subgroup analysis showed that there were no statistically significant differences in effect size between the subgroups of Cobb Angle, age, intervention period and control method at the time of inclusion (P>0.05). Compared with the non-intervention blank group, the functional training group could reduce the Cobb Angle of patients (MD=-5.25, 95%CI=-7.90--2.60, P < 0.01), with high heterogeneity (I2=61%). Effect on angle of trunk rotation(ATR): functional training group could reduce patients' ATR, MD=-1.91 (95%CI=-2.25--1.57, P < 0.01, I2=0). The impact on the quality of life: functional training of patients with SRS-22 questionnaire function, pain had no statistical significance (P>0.05), and self-image (MD=0.64, 95%CI=0.53-0.75, P < 0.01), mental health (MD=0.44, 95%CI=0.15-0.74, P < 0.01), satisfaction (MD=0.58, 95%CI=0.11-1.06, P=0.02) were statistically significant.  Conclusion  Functional training can not only reduce the Cobb Angle and ATR of AIS patients, but also improve the quality of life in terms of self-image, mental health and satisfaction of the patients. However, due to heterogeneity and bias, more high-quality studies are needed to verify.
Gender differences in the association between health literacy and bully victimization among middle school students
LU Saihu, LI Danlin, HU Jie, HUANG Xuexue, XUE Yanni, WANG Sizhe, WANG Shanshan, WAN Yuhui, TAO Fangbiao, ZHANG Shichen
2021, 42(8): 1175-1179. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.08.013
Abstract(632) HTML (291) PDF(77)
Abstract:
  Objective  To explore the association between middle school students' health literacy and bully victimization and associated sex difference, and to provide guidance for bully prevention in adolescents.  Methods  During November 2017 to January 2018, 18 900 junior and senior high school students were enrolled from Hefei of Anhui Province, Shenyang of Liaoning Province, Yangjiang of Guangdong Province and Chongqing by multistage cluster sampling. A self-rated questionnaires were used to collect demographic information, health literacy, and bully victimization. Group differences by different characteristics and the association between health literacy and bully victimization were analyzed.  Results  The detection rates of campus and cyber-bullying victimization were 15.8% (2 992/18 900) and 9.1% (1 723/18 900). Boys, junior high school students, students with poor family financial status and few close friends had a detection rate of 28.0%, 18.8%, 23.3%, and 33.6% of school bullying, which are higher than those of the control group (χ2=225.64, 148.07, 141.13, 143.49, P<0.01); boys, students with poor household income and few close friends, the detection rates of cyber bullying were 10.9%, 14.4%, and 20.1%, respectively, are higher than the control group (χ2=62.96, 112.82, 88.49, P<0.01). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis indicated that students with low overall and dimensions scores of health literacy were more likely to suffer from campus-and cyber-bullying, except for the dimension of physical activity. In addition, at all levels of health literacy, males are more likely to be bullied than females (P<0.05).  Conclusion  Health literacy of middle school students is related to bully victimization, which is sex-specific. Intervention programs of bullying should focus on health literacy enhancement.
Auxiliary diagnosis model of children with autism spectrum disorder based on random forest
LI Yutong, ZHOU Yong, WANG Jia, JU Wenjing, PAN Shixu, WANG Luqian, WANG Yijun
2021, 42(8): 1180-1184, 1188. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.08.014
Abstract(796) HTML (328) PDF(55)
Abstract:
  Objective  The random forest algorithm was used to construct a rapid screening diagnostic prediction model for children with autism spectrum disorder, to provide the references for early detection, early diagnosis of ASD children, and to reduce the pressure of ASD clinical diagnosis and assessment.  Methods  The random forest algorithm of machine learning was applied to build the auxiliary diagnosis model. Totally 346 ASD children and 90 normal children were evaluated by Social Responsiveness Scale and Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales. ROC curve, and accuracy was used to evaluate the models.  Results  Among the models, the accuracy of 13 feature factors and 7 feature factors were above 0.9, the sensitivity was up to 0.927, the specificity was up to 0.936 and the AUC was up to 0.979. The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity and AUC of the model were 0.943, 0.959, 0.931 and 0.978 respectively. The fitting and generalization effects of the three models were all satisfactory.  Conclusion  A random forest model based on the SRS Scales and Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales can be used to diagnose ASD accurately and provide scientific basis for the development of rapid screening and diagnosis tools.
Impact of violent video games and other factors on aggressive behavior of junior high school students in Shanghai
CHEN Xiuqing, YING Jiali, HUANG Limei, YANG Chen, YU Yan, GAO Xuemei
2021, 42(8): 1184-1188. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.08.015
Abstract(2754) HTML (474) PDF(105)
Abstract:
  Objective  To understand the impact of violent video games exposure, self-control level and coping style on aggressive behavior of junior high school students in Shanghai, and provide a basis for future interventions to effectively reduce adolescents' aggressive behavior.  Methods  Cluster sampling was used to select 1 886 students of 4 public middle schools in Shanghai from May to June 2019. The data was collected included Violent Video Game Use Habits Questionnaire, Buss & Perry aggression questionnaire, Adolescent Self-Control Dual System Scale and Simple Coping Style Questionnaire.  Results  According to the potential profile analysis, the level of aggressive behavior of junior school students in Shanghai could be divided into four groups, which was low aggressive group, middle aggressive group one, middle aggressive group two and high aggressive group according to level of aggregate. After controlling for gender and age, multivariate Logistic regression showed that exposure to violent video games, impulse system and negative response were risk factors for aggressive behavior(P<0.05); using low aggressive group as control group, the OR of violent video games in other three groups were 1.26, 1.30 and 1.70 respectively. The OR of impulse system were 2.96, 4.40 and 6.84 respectively. The OR of negative response were 1.17, 1.42 and 1.74 respectively. Positive response was a protective factor(P<0.05). Using low aggressive group as control group, the OR of positive in other three groups were 0.82, 0.52 and 0.49 respectively.  Conclusion  Violent video game exposure, impulsive system and negative coping style can increase the level of aggressive behavior of junior high school students, while positive coping style can reduce the level of aggression of junior middle school students.
Relationship between sleep and non-suicidal self-injury behaviors of Tajik middle school students in high altitude areas
SUN Ying, WANG Weiguo
2021, 42(8): 1189-1193, 1197. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.08.016
Abstract(737) HTML (314) PDF(34)
Abstract:
  Objective  To analyze the relationship between sleep and non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) behaviors of Tajik middle school students in high altitude areas, and to provide references for physical and mental health promotion in middle school students.  Methods  The stratified random cluster sampling method was used to select 1 224 Tajik middle school students in the Taxkorgan area of Xinjiang as participants. Sleep, NSSI, general demographic were investigated, and Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the relationship between sleep and NSSI.  Results  The detection rate of NSSI among Tajik middle school students in high altitude areas was 7.92%. About 18.71% of the students had insomnia problems and 14.62% of students had nightmares at least once in the past week. The detection rates of NSSI differed in gender, grades, physical conditions, father's education, mother's education, family monthly income, smoking status, and drinking status (χ2=6.45, 19.12, 13.83, 12.39, 8.32, 11.45, 17.31, 9.72, respectively, all P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that sleep time ≥9 h/d on school days was negatively correlated with NSSI(OR=0.62); weekend sleep time <5 h/d(OR=1.81), weekend sleep time 5-7 h/d(OR=1.45), insomnia(OR=1.33), nightmares(OR=1.64-3.27) were positively correlated with NSSI(P<0.05).  Conclusion  Insufficient sleep time, insomnia and nightmares are the influencing factors of non-suicidal self-injury behavior in Tajik middle school students. Sleep intervention for Tajik middle school students in high altitude areas should be strengthened to promote physical and mental health.
Evaluation of four Internet addiction scales in college students
ZHANG Xueqing, ZHANG Kexin, ZHU Yunjiao, WEI Hongyuan, WANG Tianli, LU Xiaoyan, ZHANG Jianghui, ZHANG Zhihua
2021, 42(8): 1193-1197. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.08.017
Abstract(1737) HTML (490) PDF(149)
Abstract:
  Objective  To compare the reliability of Internet Addiction Impairment Index (IAII), Revised Chen Internet Addiction Scale(CIAS-R)-Taiwan Revision, CIAS-R-Mainland Revision, Young Diagnostic Questionnaire (YDQ) and the consistency of Internet addiction using the four scales in college students.  Methods  A total of 1 004 undergraduates from 3 universities in Hefei were selected to measure the tendency of internet addiction simultaneously using the four scales, and 122 students were re-tested two weeks after the initial assessment. Correlation coefficient, coincidence rate and Kappa value were used to analyze the consistency of the four scales. Analysis of variance, t test and Logistic regression were used to determine the consistency of the factors related to internet addiction scale.  Results  The reliability of the four Internet addiction scales were greater than 0.7(P < 0.01). The correlation coefficient among all scales was greater than 0.5(P < 0.01). The agreement between YDQ and CIAS-R-Mainland Revision was 0.87. The Kappa value of YDQ and CIAS-R-Taiwan Revision in the consistency analysis was 0.51(P < 0.01), the Kappa value between the other scales was less than 0.5. Results showed that the four scales were consistent in Internet addiction prevalence by gender, grade and major, while CIAS-R-Taiwan Revision and YDQ were not consistent with the other two scales in sleep disorder.  Conclusion  The four Internet addiction scales all have good reliability, while low agreement in Internet addiction assessment, suggesting further improvement and revision in Internet addiction scales.
Effectiveness of the mental health education courses for freshmen in Jiangsu colleges
ZHANG Jinjian, CHEN Jingjing
2021, 42(8): 1198-1200, 1205. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.08.018
Abstract(783) HTML (328) PDF(62)
Abstract:
  Objective  To understand the overall mental health status of freshmen in colleges and universities in Jiangsu Province, to investigate the effectiveness of mental health courses in improving the mental health of freshmen, so as to provide a reference for improving the mental health of freshmen.  Methods  A total of 3 358 freshmen from a university in Jiangsu were selected from March to April 2019, mental health courses were held once(2 class hours each time) a week for 8 consecutive weeks, 16 class hours in total(8 class hours of classroom teaching, and 8 class hours of experiential teaching). All the participants were used the Chinese College Students Mental Health Scale to conduct a questionnaire survey followed up before, during and after the implementation of mental health courses.  Results  A total of 186 students with serious psychological problems were screened before the course, accounting for 5.54% of the total number, 310 students with general psychological problems, accounting for 9.23% of the total number, and 579 students with potential psychological distress, accounting for the total number 17.23% of the total number of people, 2 283 students without psychological distress, accounting for 67.99% of the total number. In the early, middle and late periods of the course, psychological problems showed a downward trend, and the main effect of time was significant(all P<0.01). After the implementation of the mental health course, the detection rate of serious psychological problems (3.84%, 129/3 358) was significantly lower than before the course(5.54%, 186/3 358)(χ2=10.82, P<0.01). In the early, middle and late periods of the course, the development trajectory of freshmen's psychological problems was divided into two types, namely "first ascending and then descending" (26%) and "slowly descending"(74%).  Conclusion  The mental health curriculum shows a positive effect on improving the mental health of freshmen. Colleges and universities should pay attention to the construction of mental health curriculum to fully guarantee the quality of the curriculum.
Association between childhood abuse experiences and health risk behaviors among college students
LIU Yudan, LI Xiaoyu, ZHAO Shuang, FAN Hui
2021, 42(8): 1201-1205. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.08.019
Abstract(837) HTML (339) PDF(46)
Abstract:
  Objective  To understand the association between childhood abuse experience and health risk behaviors among college students, providing references for childhood abuse and health risk behavior prevention.  Methods  During Mar. to Apr. of 2016, 918 college students from 2 universities in Nanchong city were selected through cluster sampling, the survey included general demographic characteristics, childhood abuse experiences and health risk behaviors. Chi square test was used for univariate analysis, and Logistic regression was used for multivariate analysis.  Results  A total of 720(78.43%) of participants reported at least one type of health risk behaviors, overeating was the most common type[595(64.81%)]. The number of adolescent reporting smoking, drinking 5 or more beers at a time, fighting and suicidal ideation was 146(15.90%), 271(29.52%), 224(24.40%), 205(22.33%), respectively. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that a significant positive association between experiencing at least one kind of childhood abuse and the behaviors of fighting, suicidal ideation, and overeating; between childhood emotional neglect with smoking and suicidal ideation; between childhood emotional abuse with fighting, suicidal ideation, and overeating; and between childhood sexual abuse with smoking(P<0.05).  Conclusion  Health risk behavior in college students is popular. Childhood abuse can increase the risk of health risk behaviors of college students.
Follow-up study on sleep behavior, chronotype and emotional symptoms of college students in Anhui Province
ZHA Xiaoli, ZHU Zhuoyan, WU Xiaoyan, CHEN Dongdong, ZHANG Yan, TAO Shuman
2021, 42(8): 1206-1211. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.08.020
Abstract(971) HTML (390) PDF(68)
Abstract:
  Objective  To explore the relationships between sleep behaviors, chronotype and emotional symptoms including depression and anxiety symptoms among college students.  Methods  Freshmen and sophomore from one university in Anhui Province were recruited through cluster sampling method. The baseline survey was conducted in November 2020, and the follow-up survey was conducted 2 months later. The Morning and Evening Questionnaire-5 (MEQ-5) was used to assess chronotype. The Insomnia severity Index (ISI) and Epworth Sleepiness Scale for Children and Adolescents (ESS-CHAD) were used to evaluate sleep behaviors. Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21) was used to assess depression and anxiety symptoms, respectively. The detection rate of depression and anxiety among college students with different demographic characteristics, different sleep chronotypes and sleep behavior were compared, and the association between sleep behavior, chronotypes and depression and anxiety symptoms was analyzed.  Results  The detection rates of depressive and anxiety symptoms were higher in the college students with daytime sleepiness and insomnia(χ2=12.39, 22.68;40.14, 29.46, P<0.01). Logistic regression results showed that at the baseline daytime sleepiness and insomnia were positively associated with depression (OR=3.03, 5.23) and anxiety symptoms (OR=3.74, 4.24), respectively (P < 0.05), however, no association was found between chronotype and symptoms of depression and anxiety (P > 0.05). Follow-up survey results were consistent with baseline.  Conclusion  Daytime sleepiness and insomnia are risk factors for depression and anxiety symptoms among college students. It is suggested that keeping healthy sleep behaviors play an important role in mental health promotion among college students in the future.
Association between nutritional status and indicators of physical fitness and physical capacity among primary and secondary school students in Xiamen
ZHANG Yiling, LAI Zhenbin, QIU Aiming, YU Hong, LIN Jia, WEI Wenjian, CHEN Xuelin
2021, 42(8): 1212-1215. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.08.021
Abstract(896) HTML (362) PDF(78)
Abstract:
  Objective  To investigate the nutritional status and its relationship with the indexes of physical function and physical capacity among primary and middle school students in Xiamen, so as to provide statistical support for improving their nutritional status and physical health.  Methods  A total of 2 752 primary and middle school students aged between 6 and 18 years old were selected in Xiamen. They were divided into malnutrition group, normal group and overweight and obesity group according to the national standards. Statistical analysis was carried out by chi-square test, Kruskal-wallis test and partial correlation analysis.  Results   The prevalence of malnutrition among primary and secondary school students in Xiamen was 8.4%(231), the prevalence of overweight and obesity was 24.2%(667), and the prevalence of overweight and obesity among boys(31.4%) was higher than girls(17.0%).The distribution of nutritional status between different ages was statistically significant (χ2=40.43, P<0.05). On the lung activity index, both boys and girls were shown to be overweight and obesity<normal weight group<malnutrition group(χ2=14.2, 5.6; 17.2, 11.6, P<0.01);Both girl and boy students in grip body mass index, 50-meter running and PFI were shown to be better than overweight obesity (χ2=99.5, 6.6, 10.4; 8.18, 5.16, 7.13, P<0.05).  Conclusion  The prevention and control situation of overweight between primary and secondary school students in Xiamen city, is more serious. Overweight and obesity are related to decline in physical function and physical fitness. Nutritional status should be paid more attention for physical fitness improvement among students.
Characteristics of fat-free mass among middle and high school adolescents in Yinchuan City
DONG Yangyang, CAI Rongrong, MA Ping, YANG Qingmei, JIA Leina, DING Wenqing
2021, 42(8): 1216-1219. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.08.022
Abstract(751) HTML (310) PDF(45)
Abstract:
  Objective  To elucidate age-and sex-specific characteristics in fat-free mass (FFM) among middle and high school adolescents in Yinchuan City, China, and to provide a scientific basis for healthy development, chronic disease prevention and intervention in children and adolescents.  Methods  Using a convenient cluster sampling method, 1 175 middle and high school adolescents, aged 10 to 20 years old, from Yinchuan, China, were selected to participate in a questionnaire survey and physical examination, which involved body composition by bioelectrical impedance analysis(BIA).  Results  For adolescents aged 12 to 18 years, FFM and the fat-free mass percentage (FFMP) of boys increased with age(from 39.78 to 52.63 kg; 77.51% to 83.80%, respectively), the age trends of the FFM and FFMP of body parts were in the similar pattern, and were significantly higher than those of girls(all P<0.05). In girls, the FFM reached a peak of 40.96 kg at 15 years old, and decreased slightly between the ages of 15 and 18 years, the age trends of the FFM of body parts were in the similar pattern, and the FFMP decreased with age (from 75.63% to 71.91%). In addition, in girls, the age trends of the FFMP of left and right legs were the same as the general trend, while the FFMP of left and right arms increased with age. The FFMP of the trunk reached a minimum of 29.93% at 15 years old and increased from 15 to 18 years old(all P<0.05).  Conclusion  For middle and high school adolescents aged 12 to 18 years old in Yinchuan City, China, the distribution of FFM changed in accordance with age and gender differences, in accordance with the characteristics of the adolescents' growth and development.
Impact of situational sport games on gross movements and social development among children aged 4-5 years old
WEN Ruixiang, JIANG Guiping, ZHAO Panchao, BIN Xiaoliang, DONG Jia
2021, 42(8): 1220-1224. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.08.023
Abstract(883) HTML (390) PDF(75)
Abstract:
  Objective  To explore the impact of situational sport games on gross movement and social development among children aged 4-5 years, and to provide references for promoting the healthy development of preschool children.  Methods  Seventy-one children aged 4-5 were randomly selected from one public kindergarten in Beijing during Apr. to Jul. of 2019 and were randomly divided into experimental group (n=36, 8-week situational sports game intervention) and control group (n=35, regular learning and playing). The Test of Gross Motor Development (TGMD-3) and social development scale for children aged 3-9 were used to assess gross movement and social development, respectively, which were then compared and analyzed.  Results  Before intervention, the total score of gross motor development[intervention group (42.63±7.62), control group (43.00±9.16)] and social development[intervention group (211.88±6.68), control group (212.71±9.80)] showed no significant differences between the two groups(t=-0.18, -0.37, P>0.05). After intervention, increases in gross motor development[intervention group (67.80±9.80), control group (45.68±9.47)] and social development level[intervention group (228.30±6.37), control group (214.71±8.65)] were observed in both groups(t=25.82, 3.22;15.90, 2.13, P<0.05), with gross movement and social development scores higher in intervention group than that of the control group(t=9.66, 7.54, P<0.05).  Conclusion  8-week situational sports games can promote gross movement and social development of 4-5-year-old children. It is suggested that interventions to promote early childhood development should be aware of multiple dimensions of development.
Analysis of risk factors for vasovagal syncope in children
NIU Shaomin, YAN Xiaojuan, WANG Yan, DONG Tong, MIN Li, LIU Yahong, LI Fulun, DONG Xiangyu
2021, 42(8): 1225-1227, 1232. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.08.024
Abstract(810) HTML (367) PDF(30)
Abstract:
  Objective  To analyze the related factors of the onset of vasovagal syncope (VVS) in children, and to provide basis for the early prevention, early diagnosis and early treatment of VVS.  Methods  A total of 126 children with syncope admitted to Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University from October 2018 to September 2019 were invited in the study. Totally 73 cases of children diagnosed with VVS by HUTT were selected as VVS group, and 53 HUTT-negative children were selected as control group. Related factors were retrospectively investigated, and risk factors for VVS were analyzed by univariate and multivariate regression.  Results  The VVS group showed statistically significant difference in age distribution with the control group (χ2=19.22, P<0.05). The VVS group showed statistically significant differences of proportion in family history, syncope history, prolonged standing, electrocardiogram abnormalities, and vitamin D deficiency (43.84%, 31.51%, 47.95%, 34.25%, 30.14%) compared with the control group (15.09%, 13.21%, 20.75%, 15.09%, 9.43%) (χ2=11.71, 5.67, 9.79, 5.83, 7.82, P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age and family historywere risk factors for VVS(χ2=3.13, 11.06, P<0.05).  Conclusion  Age and family history may be risk factors for the onset of VVS. Active attention should be paid to the high-risk factors of child patient, early identification and diagnosis can prevent the occurrence and development of VVS in children.
Relationship between classroom lighting and poor vision of students in primary and secondary schools in Tianjin
LIU Zhonghui, XU Ke, SUN Zhiying, ZHANG Xin, FENG Baojia, FU Gang, HOU Changchun
2021, 42(8): 1228-1232. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.08.025
Abstract(1003) HTML (404) PDF(103)
Abstract:
  Objective  To investigate the relationship between classroom lighting and poor vision of students in primary and secondary schools in Tianjin, and to provide reference for targeted prevention measures for comprehensive school eye health programmes.  Methods  A total of 623 classrooms and 24 713 students in 89 primary and secondary schools in Tianjin were selected using stratified cluster sampling method in Sep.to Oct. of 2020. The illuminometer was used to monitor the lighting environment of the classroom, and the standard logarithmic vision light box was used to detect the naked eye vision of students. Chi-square test, variance analysis and binary Logistic regression were used in SPSS software.  Results  Rate of low vision among primary and secondary school students in Tianjin was 67.86%. The qualification rate of blackboard reflectance, blackboard average illumination, blackboard illumination uniformity, desk average illumination and desk illumination uniformity were 58.11%, 53.13%, 73.19%, 66.61% and 75.12%, respectively. Univariate analyses showed that the blackboard reflectance, blackboard average illumination, desk average illumination, and desk illumination uniformity were associated with low vision among students(χ2=311.29, 62.54, 61.71, 6.59, P < 0.05). Multivariable Logistic regression analysis showed that blackboard reflectance, average illumination of blackboard and desk were associated with higher risk of poor vision[OR(95%CI)=1.19(1.11-1.27), 1.27(1.17-1.37), 1.11(1.02-1.20), P < 0.05].  Conclusion  Prevalence of low vision among primary and secondary school students in Tianjin is relatively high. Blackboard reflectance, average illumination of blackboard and desk are the important determinants for poor vision of primary and secondary school students. Creating effective classroom lighting scheme is crucial for vision health among students.
Prevalence and correlation of vitamin D deficiency and high blood pressure in primary and middle school students in Chongqing
CHEN Jingrong, XIONG Ying, ZHANG Jie, TIAN Yu, LONG Cheng
2021, 42(8): 1233-1236, 1241. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.08.026
Abstract(736) HTML (302) PDF(37)
Abstract:
  Objective  To understand the status of vitamin D deficiency and high blood pressure in primary and middle school students aged 7 to 17 years old in Chongqing, and to explore the correlation between vitamin D deficiency and high blood pressure in children and adolescents.  Methods  From 2016 to 2017, a total of 1 360 primary and middle school students, aged 7 to 17 years old, were selected from three rural and three urban sites in Chongqing using multi-stage stratified random sampling. This study carried out a questionnaire survey, and participants underwent a physical examination which included blood pressure and serum vitamin D assessments.  Results  The deficiency and insufficiency rates of vitamin D were 9.71%, and 62.57%, respectively. The high blood pressure rate was 25.88%. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for age, economic status, waist circumference, BMI classification, and family history of hypertension, the risk of hypertension was 1.42 times that of the normal group (P < 0.05), and the risk of high systolic blood pressure was 1.59 times that of the normal group (P < 0.05).  Conclusion  The deficiency and insufficiency rate of vitamin D among children and adolescents aged 7 to 17 years old in Chongqing was high, and the phenomenon of high blood pressure was prominent. Students with vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency were more likely to have high blood pressure.
Prevalence and trend of low vision among primary and secondary school students in Wuhan from 2019 to 2020
XIE Xinyan, YANG Lihua, YANG Changchun, XU Ting, LI Lingyun, SU Houhua, GU Hong, HU Yaping, HUANG Yan, XIANG Jing, WANG Jingsheng, SONG Ranran
2021, 42(8): 1237-1241. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.08.027
Abstract(1267) HTML (548) PDF(142)
Abstract:
  Objective  To provide a large-scale assessment the prevalence of poor vision in 2020 among children and adolescents in Wuhan City, Hubei province and to provide basis for healthy vision promotion.  Methods  This cross-sectional epidemiological study was conducted among 156 783 students, who lived in Wuhan during the COVID-19 period participated the vision screening through the online applet designed by Wuhan Center for Adolescent Poor Vision Prevetion and Control under the guidance of their guardians between June 19 and July 6, 2020. The demographic information and daily hours spent on various activities in the past week were investigated. The corresponding visual acuity data of students in 2019 before the COVID-19 outbreak was extracted from school vision monitoring records for each semester, which was measured by the experienced eye care professionals.  Results  The detection rate of poor vision (51.04%) in 2020 was significantly higher than that in 2019(43.04%)(χ2=68 944.95, P < 0.01). After adjustment for covariates, the odds ratio and 95% confidence interval for poor vision were 1.17(1.13-1.20), 1.07(1.04-1.10), 0.67(0.65-0.69) and 0.62(0.60-0.64) in students with online class time, recreational screen time, indoor and outdoor activity time in the highest tertile, compared with the lowest tertile groups.  Conclusion  Increased rate of poor vision among primary and secondary schoool students deserves further concern. It is necessary to strengthen intervention of eyesight protection. Policies and programs aimed at improving opportunities for physical activities and decreasing multiple screen behaviors should be given priority.
Analysis of foodborne diseases outbreaks in schools from 2011 to 2020 in Henan Province
YUAN Pu, FU Pengyu, LI Shan, YANG Li, ZHOU Shengsheng, YE Bing, ZHANG Shufang
2021, 42(8): 1242-1245. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.08.028
Abstract(888) HTML (387) PDF(56)
Abstract:
  Objective  To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of school foodborne disease outbreaks in Henan Province from 2011 to 2020 and to provide the basis for effective prevention and control of school foodborne disease outbreaks.  Methods  The outbreaks of foodborne diseases in schools in Henan Province reported by the foodborne disease outbreak surveillance system from 2011 to 2020 were statistically analyzed.  Results  A total of 47 outbreaks of school foodborne diseases were reported in Henan province in the past 10 years, with a total of 1 258 cases, 701 hospitalizations and 1 death. Zhengzhou, Zhumadian, Xinyang and Xinxiang were the top 4 cities in Henan Province in terms of the number of school foodborne disease outbreaks reported. The peak of foodborne illness incidents in schools was in June and September. The largest number of incidents occurred in middle school canteens and primary school canteens(all 12). The number of reported incidents (12) and the number of cases of foodborne diseases (371) in schools caused by cereals and their products were the largest. Pathogenic bacteria and their toxins were the main pathogenic factors that caused the outbreaks of foodborne diseases in schools, accounting for 78.26% of the identified causes. Bacillus cereus was the top pathogens causing foodborne diseases outbreaks in schools. The pathogenic factor that caused the largest number of cases was Diarrheogenic Escherichia Coli, and the pathogenic factor that caused the death cases was poisonous mushrooms. Apart from unexplained incidents, improper processing was the main link leading to foodborne diseases outbreaks in schools.  Conclusion  The primary and middle school students are the group with high incidence of foodborne diseases in schools. The supervision and management of school canteen should be strengthened in summer to prevent the outbreak of bacterial foodborne diseases caused by improper processing and storage of grain food.
Prevalence and factors associated with HIV testing uptake among sexual active college students in Zhuhai City
LIN Kaihao, ZHOU Yi, YAN Yao, DAI Wencan, LIU Yawei, LI Xiaofeng, HUANG Shanzi, YAO Gang, DU Man, YANG Yi, JIANG Hongbo
2021, 42(8): 1246-1250. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.08.029
Abstract(706) HTML (331) PDF(41)
Abstract:
  Objective  To understand the prevalence of HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) testing and associated factors among sexual active college students in Zhuhai City.  Methods  From November to December, 2019, an anonymous electronic questionnaire was administered among 12 235 students in six colleges and universities in Zhuhai City by multistage sampling. A total of 1 789 college students ever had sex were selected. Pearson's Chi-square test and non-conditional Logistic regression model were applied to analyze the factors associated with uptake of HIV testing.  Results  Among these students ever had sex, 7.55% (135/1 789) had been tested for HIV mainly through hospitals (71.85%). The main reasons for testing were regular testing (50.37%) and intending to know their infection status (23.70%). Multivariable Logistic regression showed that homosexual individuals (OR=4.62, 95%CI=1.07-19.95) and those who had heterosexual commercial sex in the past year (OR=3.77, 95%CI=1.96-7.26) were more likely to test for HIV, while female (OR=0.41, 95%CI=0.24-0.69) were less likely to test for HIV.  Conclusion  The proportion of HIV testing was low among sexual active college students in Zhuhai City. Interventions should be tailored including strengthening the HIV testing propaganda education and enhancing students' awareness of HIV testing, and the influencing factors such as gender, sexual orientation and commercial sexual behavior should be taken into consideration, so as to improve the HIV testing coverage of this population.
Prevalence of allergic diseases and associated factors among school-aged children in Shanghai
LI Rong, CHEN Yiting, LYU Jiajun, HUANG Lili, LONG Zichong, XIA Yuanqing, YIN Yong, TONG Shilu, ZHAO Anda, LI Shenghui
2021, 42(8): 1251-1256, 1260. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.08.030
Abstract(844) HTML (326) PDF(61)
Abstract:
  Objective  To examine the prevalence of allergic diseases in school-aged children from Shanghai and to explore related factors so as to produce epidemiological data regarding allergic diseases in children.  Methods  Multi-stage cluster sampling was used to carry out the study in Shanghai from April to June 2019. A total of 10 686 children aged 7-12 years from 17 primary schools participated in the survey. The International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC)Scale was used to evaluate allergic diseases. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the related factors.  Results  The overall prevalence of allergic diseases among school-aged children in Shanghai was 47.0%. A higher prevalence was observed among boys (50.4% vs 43.3% in girls, χ2=54.44, P < 0.01). Common allergic diseases included asthma (13.9%), allergic rhinitis (18.2%), and atopic dermatitis (34.3%). The Logistic regression analysis showed that the common risk factors of asthma, allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis included the following: male gender (OR=1.52, 1.44, 1.22); mother has a bachelor's degree or above (OR=1.26, 1.77, 1.84); family history of allergic diseases (OR=2.87, 4.24, 2.57); only child (OR=1.16, 1.28, 1.22); curtain cleaning frequency < 1 time/month (OR=1.41, 1.79, 1.77); room not cleaned daily (OR=1.14, 1.18, 1.20); and dust exposure frequency ≥1 time/month (OR=1.45, 1.56, 1.42), all P < 0.05. These three types of allergic diseases were also associated with unique risk factors that dependent on social-environmental-behavioral factors.  Conclusion  Compared with previous data, the prevalence of allergic diseases among school-aged children in Shanghai increased significantly in 2019. The related influencing factors involve multiple variables including demographics, environmental exposure and behavior, which warrant further exploration.
Prevalence of eating out and its association with overweight and obesity among children and adolescents in Hebei Province
TIAN Meina, LI Hong, NIU Bei, ZHANG Cui, ZHAO Yongli, MIAO Runxiao, LIU Changqing
2021, 42(8): 1257-1260. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.08.031
Abstract(853) HTML (360) PDF(58)
Abstract:
  Objective  To investigate the prevalence and associated factors of eating out among children and adolescents aged 6-17 in Hebei Province, and to explore the association between eating out and overweight/obesity.  Methods  Data came from Children and Nurse Nutrition Health Monitoring of China during 2016-2017. Questionnaire surveys and anthropometric measures was conducted among 3 330 children aged 6-17 in 12 survey sites. Multivariate Logistics stepwise regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of eating out and the relationship between eating out and overweight/obesity.  Results  The proportion of eating out was 16.19%, and the rate of overweight and obesity was 29.43%. Multivariate analysis showed that the older children (junior high school students: OR=1.36; high school students: OR=3.57, both P < 0.05) and adolescents from high-income families (10 000~ < 20 000 CNY: OR=1.48; ≥20 000 CNY: OR=2.93, both P < 0.05) were more likely to eat out. Children and adolescents living in rural areas (OR=0.20, P < 0.01), non-only-child (OR=0.76, P=0.02), day school students (OR=0.21, P < 0.01), and the primary caregivers of the elderly (OR=0.69, P=0.03) were less likely to eat out. In addition, eating out was statistically associated with an increased risk of overweight and obesity (OR=1.31, P < 0.01).  Conclusion  Eating out is common among children and adolescents aged 6-17 in Hebei Province. Residency, age, household income, one-child family, boarding and and eating out behaviors of primary caregivers are associated with eating out among children and adolescents. Eating out may increase the risk of overweight/obesity in children.
Analysis of vaccination certificate inspection and supplementary immunization among children entering kindergarten and school in Chaoyang District, Beijing from 2014 to 2020
SHI Qian, JIA Bin, LIU Fang, LI Zhen, WEI Rui
2021, 42(8): 1261-1264, 1269. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.08.032
Abstract(625) HTML (296) PDF(33)
Abstract:
  Objective  To understand the situation relating to vaccination certificate inspection and supplementary immunization among children entering kindergarten and school in Chaoyang District.  Methods  The data on vaccination certificate inspection and supplementary immunization among children entering kindergarten and school in Chaoyang District from 2014 to 2020 were reviewed and statistically analyzed.  Results  From 2014 to 2020, a total of 5 886 kindergartens and primary and secondary schools in Chaoyang District inspected the vaccination certificates of children entering kindergarten and school, and the coverage rate of inspection was 100%. A total of 605 675 children were inspected, and the coverage rate of inspection was 100%. The average certificate holding rate of children was 99.35%. The certificate holding rate of children in each year was between 99.29% and 99.97%, the difference was statistically significant (χ2=3 389.80, P < 0.01), and an overall increasing trend was observed. There were statistically significant differences in children's certificate holding rates among different institutions (χ2=1 276.81, P < 0.01) and different household registrations (χ2=1 476.78, P < 0.01). The certificate replenishment rate for children entering kindergarten and school was 100%. As part of the national immunization plan, eight types of vaccines have been supplemented with 71 875 doses in total, with an average supplement rate of 99.71%. The vaccine supplement rate has been increasing annually, and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=414.10, P < 0.01). After 2017, the vaccine supplement rate reached 100%. In respect to the eight national immunization program vaccines, the number of replenishing doses has been decreasing annually. In the case of replenishing doses, the top three vaccines were MMR vaccine, MPSV vaccine and DT vaccine.  Conclusion  The work carried out as part of vaccination certificate inspection and supplementary immunization among children entering kindergarten and school in Chaoyang District has continued to improve. The children's certificate holding rate, the certificate replenishment rate, and the vaccine supplement rate are maintained at a high level.
Research updates in the relationship between adolescent social jetlag and mental health
QU Yang, WU Xiaoyan, TAO Fangbiao
2021, 42(8): 1265-1269. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.08.033
Abstract(1004) HTML (379) PDF(104)
Abstract:
Adolescence is the transition period from childhood to adulthood, and it is also an important period for physical and mental health development. Social jetlag is the absolute difference between the midpoint of sleep on rest days and the midpoint of sleep on weekdays, which is a new indicator of circadian rhythm disorders. It has been demonstrated that social jetlag is associated with mental health problems in adolescents, and reducing social jetlag is beneficial to adolescents' mental health. This paper briefly describes the definition of social jetlag and its epidemoiology among adolescents, elaborates the possible mechanism between social jetlag and mental health, and provides a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of mental health problems in adolescents with social jetlag.
Research update on the effect of irisin/FNDC5 on metabolism of children and adolescents
ZHANG Jingsui, YANG Po, REHEMAN Alimu, HE Enpeng
2021, 42(8): 1270-1274. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.08.034
Abstract(649) HTML (305) PDF(38)
Abstract:
The metabolic level of children and adolescents is of great significance in the healthy growth and development of children and adolescents. Irisin, as a myokine, was first discovered and named in 2012. Early studies showed that irisin can participate in body metabolism and inhibit the occurrence of obesity. Later studies found that irisin can improve the symptoms of type 2 diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, osteoporosis and other diseases. At the same time, irisin can promote glucose, lipid metabolism and bone metabolism in children and adolescents, and its mechanism is still controversial. In this review, research update regarding the effect of irisin/FNDC5 on metabolism (lipid metabolism, glucose metabolism, bone metabolism) in children and adolescents were summarized in order to provide theoretical reference for researchers in the field of the metabolism of children and adolescents.
Research progress on physical activity of Chinese children
SHAN Meichen, ZHOU Nan
2021, 42(8): 1275-1280. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.08.035
Abstract(1147) HTML (436) PDF(146)
Abstract:
Appropriate physical activity has positive impact on physical health of children. This review summarizes and analyzes the current situation of children's physical activity in China, adverse health impacts by low level of physical activity, influencing factors and the progress of children's physical activity assessment. Through reviewing the literature, it is found that Chinese children's physical activity levels are insufficient, with physical activity levels of boys higher than girls, increasing possible health risks in children. Also, built environment, air pollution, family and individual factors are closely related to children's physical activity. At last, this article analyzes the limitation of current research on children's physical activity, and puts forward suggestions for improving children's physical activity levels in China.