Association between dietary inflammation index and obesity risk in first-grade primary school students

SUN Qian; ZHANG Liurong; ZHAI Guangfu; ZHU Yudian; LU Fen; QU Guangbo

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025017

Volume 46 Issue 1

Jan. 2025

Turn off MathJax

Article Contents

Article Navigation > CHINESE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH > 2025 > 46(1): 119-123

SUN Qian, ZHANG Liurong, ZHAI Guangfu, ZHU Yudian, LU Fen, QU Guangbo. Association between dietary inflammation index and obesity risk in first-grade primary school students[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH, 2025, 46(1): 119-123. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025017

Citation:

SUN Qian, ZHANG Liurong, ZHAI Guangfu, ZHU Yudian, LU Fen, QU Guangbo. Association between dietary inflammation index and obesity risk in first-grade primary school students[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH, 2025, 46(1): 119-123. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025017

Citation:

SUN Qian, ZHANG Liurong, ZHAI Guangfu, ZHU Yudian, LU Fen, QU Guangbo. Association between dietary inflammation index and obesity risk in first-grade primary school students[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH, 2025, 46(1): 119-123. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025017

PDF( 906 KB)

Association between dietary inflammation index and obesity risk in first-grade primary school students

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025017

1.
Department of Food Nutrition and School Health, Ma'anshan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ma'anshan (243000), Anhui Province, China

Received Date: 2024-11-07
Rev Recd Date: 2024-12-05

Available Online: 2025-01-25

Publish Date: 2025-01-25

Abstract

Abstract

Objective To explore the association between the dietary inflammation index (DII) and the risk of obesity in the first-grade primary school students, so as to provide a scientific evidence for the prevention and intervention of childhood obesity. Methods From April to June 2024, a method combining multi-stage cluster sampling and convenience sampling was used to select 4 059 first-grade students from the Ma'anshan Children and Adolescents Health Growth Cohort as study participants. Dietary information was collected through Semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire, and each student's DII score was calculated. The students were categorized into four groups (Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4) by their DII quartiles. Height and weight were measured using unified electronic height-weight machines, and obesity was diagnosed according to the Screening for Overweight and Obesity in School-age Children and Adolescents (WS/T 586-2018). Logistic regression was employed to investigate the relationship between DII scores and the risk of obesity among students, with gender stratification. Results A total of 895 obese children were identified, with an obesity rate of 22.0%. After adjusting for covariates, compared to students in the DII Q1 group, students in the Q3 and Q4 groups had increased risks of obesity (Q3: OR=1.43, 95%CI=1.12-1.82; Q4: OR=4.14, 95%CI=3.32-5.16, P < 0.05). Gender stratified analysis revealed that, after adjusting for covariates, boys in the DII Q4 group (OR=4.83, 95%CI=3.61-6.46, P < 0.01) had a higher obesity risk than girls in the same group (OR=3.46, 95%CI=2.45-4.90, P < 0.01). Restricted cubic spline analysis showed a "J-shaped" dose-response relationship between DII scores and obesity risk among students (P < 0.01). Conclusion Higher DII scores may be associated with an increased risk of obesity in the first-grade primary school students. It is recommended to promote anti-inflammatory diets in children to prevent and reduce the incidence of obesity.
- Dietary inflammatory index,
- Obesity,
- Regression analysis,
- Students

FullText(HTML)

References(32)

References

[1]	LEE E Y, YOON K H. Epidemic obesity in children and adolescents: risk factors and prevention[J]. Front Med, 2018, 12(6): 658-666. doi: 10.1007/s11684-018-0640-1
[2]	董彦会, 陈力, 刘婕妤, 等. 1985—2019年中国7~18岁儿童青少年超重与肥胖的流行趋势及预测研究[J]. 中华预防医学杂志, 2023, 57(4): 461-469. DONG Y H, CEHN L, LIU J Y, et al. Epidemiology and prediction of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents aged 7-18 years in China from 1985 to 2019[J]. Chin J Prev Med, 2023, 57(4): 461-469. (in Chinese)
[3]	中华人民共和国国务院新闻办公室. 中国居民营养与慢性病状况报告(2020年)[J]. 营养学报, 2020, 42(6): 521. The State Council Information Office of the PRC. Report on the nutrition and chronic disease status of Chinese residents (2020)[J]. J Nutr, 2020, 42(6): 521. (in Chinese)
[4]	UNICEF. The State of the World's Children 2019: children, food and nutrition-growing well in a changing world[R]. New York: UNICEF, 2019.
[5]	BAGHERI S, ZOLGHADRI S, STANEK A. Beneficial effects of anti-inflammatory diet in modulating gut microbiota and controlling obesity[J]. Nutrients, 2022, 14(19): 3985. doi: 10.3390/nu14193985
[6]	GROSSO G, LAUDISIO D, FRIAS-TORAL E, et al. Anti-inflammatory nutrients and obesity-associated metabolic-inflammation: state of the art and future direction[J]. Nutrients, 2022, 14(6): 1137. doi: 10.3390/nu14061137
[7]	HESS J M, STEPHENSEN C B, KRATZ M, et al. Exploring the links between diet and inflammation: dairy foods as case studies[J]. Adv Nutr, 2021, 12: 1S-13S. doi: 10.1093/advances/nmab108
[8]	FARLEY G, RIGGS D W, BHATNAGAR A, et al. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids modify the inverse association between systemic inflammation and cardiovascular fitness[J]. Clin Nutr, 2021, 40(6): 4097-4105. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2021.02.006
[9]	SHIVAKOTI R, BIGGS M L, DJOUSSÉ L, et al. Intake and sources of dietary fiber, inflammation, and cardiovascular disease in older US adults[J]. JAMA Netw Open, 2022, 5(3): e225012. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.5012
[10]	MARX W, VERONESE N, KELLY J T, et al. The dietary inflammatory index and human health: an umbrella review of Meta-analyses of observational studies[J]. Adv Nutr, 2021, 12(5): 1681-1690. doi: 10.1093/advances/nmab037
[11]	SHIVAPPA N, STECK S E, HURLEY T G, et al. Designing and developing a literature-derived, population-based dietary in ammatory index[J]. Public Health Nutr, 2014, 17(8): 1689-1696. doi: 10.1017/S1368980013002115
[12]	SHI J, LIANG Z, ZHANG X, et al. Association of physical activity and dietary inflammatory index with overweight/obesity in US adults: NHANES 2007-2018[J]. Environ Health Prev Med, 2023, 28: 40. doi: 10.1265/ehpm.23-00016
[13]	SABER N, HOSSEINZADEH M, SHAB-BIDAR S, et al. Empirical dietary inflammatory index and lifestyle inflammation score relationship with obesity: a population-based cross-sectional study[J]. Food Sci Nutr, 2023, 11(11): 7341-7351. doi: 10.1002/fsn3.3660
[14]	WANG Y B, SHIVAPPA N, HÉBERT J R, et al. Association between dietary inflammatory index, dietary patterns, plant-based dietary index and the risk of obesity[J]. Nutrients, 2021, 13(5): 1536. doi: 10.3390/nu13051536
[15]	OLIVEIRA T M S, BRESSAN J, PIMENTA A M, et al. Dietary inflammatory index and prevalence of overweight and obesity in Brazilian graduates from the cohort of universities of Minas Gerais (CUME project)[J]. Nutrition, 2020, 71: 110635. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2019.110635
[16]	MUHAMMAD H F L, VAN BAAK M A, MARIMAN E C, et al. Dietary inflammatory index score and its association with body weight, blood pressure, lipid profile, and leptin in Indonesian adults[J]. Nutrients, 2019, 11(1): 148. doi: 10.3390/nu11010148
[17]	KENEL JOVANOVIĈ G, MRAKOVCIC-SUTIC I, PAVIĈIĈ ŽEŽELJ S, et al. The efficacy of an energy-restricted anti-inflammatory diet for the management of obesity in younger adults[J]. Nutrients, 2020, 12(11): 3583. doi: 10.3390/nu12113583
[18]	刘丹. 营养、家庭经济因素与儿童期及成年后肥胖关系的研究[D]. 北京: 中国疾病预防控制中心, 2019. LIU D. Study on the relationship between nutrition, family economic factors and childhood, adult obesity[D]. Beijing: Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2019. (in Chinese)
[19]	中华人民共和国国家卫生和计划生育委员会. 学龄儿童青少年超重与肥胖筛查: WS/T 586—2018[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2018. National Health and Family Planning Commission of the PRC. Screening for overweight and obesity in school-aged children and adolescents: WS/T 586-2018[S]. Beijing: Standards Press of China, 2018. (in Chinese)
[20]	中国肥胖问题工作组. 中国成人超重和肥胖症预防与控制指南(节录)[J]. 营养学报, 2004, 26(1): 1-4. Chinese Obesity Problem Work Group. Guidelines for the prevention and control of overweight and obesity in Chinese adults (excerpt)[J]. J Nutr, 2004, 26(1): 1-4. (in Chinese)
[21]	RAMALLAL R, TOLEDO E, MARTÍNEZ J A, et al. Inflammatory potential of diet, weight gain, and incidence of overweight/obesity: the SUN cohort[J]. Obesity (Silver Spring), 2017, 25(6): 997-1005. doi: 10.1002/oby.21833
[22]	FARHANGI M A, VAJDI M. The association between dietary inflammatory index and risk of central obesity in adults: an updated systematic review and Meta-analysis[J]. Int J Vitam Nutr Res, 2020, 90(5/6): 535-552.
[23]	ZHANG L, PENG H, WANG Y, et al. Association of dietary inflammatory index with obesity among children and adolescents in the United States NHANES cohort: a population-based study[J]. Ital J Pediatr, 2024, 50(1): 14. doi: 10.1186/s13052-024-01586-0
[24]	HAJI-HOSSEINI-GAZESTANI N, KESHAVARZ S A, HOSSEINI-ESFAHANI F, et al. The association of dietary inflammatory index and obesity phenotypes in women[J]. Food Health, 2020, 3(3): 19-24.
[25]	KARIMBEIKI R, ALIPOOR E, YASERI M, et al. Association between the dietary inflammatory index and obesity in otherwise healthy adults: role of age and sex[J]. Int J Clin Pract, 2021, 75(10): e14567.
[26]	MA X, NAN F, LIANG H, et al. Excessive intake of sugar: an accomplice of inflammation[J]. Front Immunol, 2022, 13: 988481. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.988481
[27]	SHI H, SCHWEREN L J S, TER HORST R, et al. Low-grade inflammation as mediator between diet and behavioral disinhibition: a UK biobank study[J]. Brain Behav Immun, 2022, 106: 100-110. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2022.07.165
[28]	KEEWAN E, NARASIMHULU C A, ROHR M, et al. Are fried foods unhealthy? The dietary peroxidized fatty acid, 13-HPODE, induces intestinal inflammation in vitro and in vivo[J]. Antioxidants, 2020, 9(10): 926. doi: 10.3390/antiox9100926
[29]	MAZZOCCHI A, LEONE L, AGOSTONI C, et al. The secrets of the mediterranean diet. Does[only] olive oil matter?[J]. Nutrients, 2019, 11(12): 2941. doi: 10.3390/nu11122941
[30]	DELEDDA A, ANNUNZIATA G, TENORE G C, et al. Diet-derived antioxidants and their role in inflammation, obesity and gut microbiota modulation[J]. Antioxidants, 2021, 10(5): 708. doi: 10.3390/antiox10050708
[31]	JOHN H S, DOUCET É, POWER K A. Dietary pulses as a means to improve the gut microbiome, inflammation, and appetite control in obesity[J]. Obes Rev, 2023, 24(9): e13598. doi: 10.1111/obr.13598
[32]	KAWAI T, AUTIERI M V, SCALIA R. Adipose tissue inflammation and metabolic dysfunction in obesity[J]. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol, 2021, 320(3): C375-C391. doi: 10.1152/ajpcell.00379.2020