青少年营养状况与抑郁症状的相关性

申晋波; 干敏雷; 尹小俭; 吴慧攀; 马渊源; 李佳威; 侯宇欣; 邓婷; 李非凡; 刘媛

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.05.003

青少年营养状况与抑郁症状的相关性

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.05.003

1.
太原工业学院儿童青少年健康促进研究中心，山西 030008
2.
华东政法大学体育部
3.
上海应用技术大学经济与管理学院
4.
山西大学体育学院
5.
太原工业学院体育系
6.
华东师范大学体育与健康学院

基金项目:

国家社会科学基金2021年一般项目 21BTY121

教育部人文社科青年基金项目 21YJC890026

山西省教育厅高等学校哲学社会科学研究项目 2020W212

详细信息

作者简介:
申晋波(1985-)，男，山西长治人，博士，副教授，主要从事老年体质健康、儿童青少年健康促进工作

通讯作者:
尹小俭，E-mail：xjyin1965@163.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突
中图分类号: R153.2 G444 R179
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-11-06
- 修回日期: 2023-01-28
- 网络出版日期: 2023-05-25
- 刊出日期: 2023-05-25

Correlation between nutritional status and depressive symptoms in middle school students

1.
Research Center for Health Promotion of Child and Adolescent, Taiyuan Institute of Technology, Taiyuan(030008), China

摘要

摘要: 目的探讨青少年不同营养状况与抑郁症状的相关性，为针对性改善青少年营养状况与抑郁症状提供理论依据。方法采用随机整群抽样法在上海、乌鲁木齐、长沙、昆明4座城市选择共8 102名12~17岁中学生，采用流调中心用抑郁量表(CES-D)调查被试的抑郁症状发生情况，同时进行身高与体重的测量。采用Kruskal-Wallis H检验、χ²检验、有序Logistic回归模型等方法分析青少年营养状况与抑郁症状的关系。结果青少年总体抑郁症状检出率为25.6%，其中男、女生分别为21.1%，30.1%，性别间差异有统计学意义(χ²=87.60，P < 0.01)。女生不同营养状况组间的抑郁症状得分差异具有统计学意义(Z=8.34，P < 0.05)，随着体质量指数(body mass index，BMI)等级升高，女生抑郁症状检出率呈上升趋势(χ_趋势²=6.04，P < 0.05)；控制混杂因素后，有序Logistic回归分析显示，肥胖组女生患抑郁症状风险与体重正常组女生相比更高(OR=1.45，95%CI=1.10~1.91，P < 0.05)。结论女生营养状况优于男生，但抑郁症状发生情况较男生更为严重。女生的抑郁症状检出风险随着BMI等级的升高呈现上升趋势。
- 营养状况 /
- 抑郁 /
- 精神卫生 /
- 回归分析 /
- 青少年
Abstract: Objective To explore the correlation between different nutritional status and depressive symptoms among adolescents, so as to provide a theoretical basis for targeted improvement of nutritional status and depressive symptoms in adolescents. Methods A total of 8 102 adolescents aged 12-17 years in Shanghai, Urumqi, Changsha and Kunming were selected by random cluster sampling. Depressive symptoms were assessed by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale(CES-D). Height and weight were measured. Kruskal-Wallis H test, Chi-square test and ordinal Logistic regression were used to analyze the relationship between nutritional status and depressive symptoms in adolescents. Results The overall detection rate of depressive symptoms in adolescents was 25.6%, with girls (30.1%) higher than that of boys (21.1%) (χ²=87.60, P < 0.01). There were statistically significant differences in the scores of depressive symptoms among girls with different nutritional status (Z=8.34, P < 0.05). The detectable rate of depressive symptoms increased with BMI among girls(χ_trend²=6.04, P < 0.05). After controlling for confounding factors, ordinal Logistic regression showed that the obese girls had higher risks in depressive symptoms detection compared with normal weight girls (OR=1.45, 95%CI=1.10-1.91, P < 0.05). Conclusion The nutritional status of girls is better than boys, but the prevalence of depressive symptoms is higher than boys. The risk of depressive symptoms in girls increases with BMI.
- Nutritional status /
- Depression /
- Mental health /
- Regression analysis /
- Adolescent
注释:

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表 1 不同营养状况青少年抑郁症状检出率比较

Table 1. Comparison of the detection rate of depressive symptoms in adolescents with different nutritional status

性别	营养状况	人数	抑郁症状检出人数	χ²值	P值
男	消瘦	308	59(19.2)	2.50	0.48
	正常体重	2 304	475(20.6)
	超重	854	184(21.5)
	肥胖	594	137(23.1)
女	消瘦	195	56(28.7)	6.80	0.08
	正常体重	3 068	902(29.4)
	超重	540	172(31.9)
	肥胖	239	88(36.8)
总体	消瘦	503	115(22.9)	2.86	0.41
	正常体重	5 372	1 377(25.6)
	超重	1 394	356(25.5)
	肥胖	833	225(27.0)
注：()内数字为检出率/%。

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表 2 不同性别青少年营养状况与抑郁症状的有序Logistic回归分析

Table 2. Logistic regression analysis of nutritional status and depressive symptoms in adolescents with genders

性别	营养状况	β值	标准误	Wald χ2值	P值	OR值(OR值95%CI)
男	消瘦	-0.12	0.16	0.63	0.43	0.88(0.65~1.20)
(n=4 060)	超重	0.09	0.10	0.78	0.38	1.09(0.90~1.32)
	肥胖	0.18	0.11	2.70	0.10	1.20(0.97~1.50)
女	消瘦	-0.02	0.16	0.02	0.88	0.98(0.71~1.35)
(n=4 042)	超重	0.13	0.10	1.53	0.22	1.13(0.93~1.38)
	肥胖	0.37	0.14	6.80	0.01	1.45(1.10~1.91)

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