河北省3~6岁幼儿肥胖流行特征及相关因素分析

秦剑杰; 张璇; 毕鑫; 郑旭彤

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.12.029

河北省3~6岁幼儿肥胖流行特征及相关因素分析

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.12.029

1.
河北体育学院学校体育系，石家庄 050041
2.
石家庄市人民医院科教处
3.
河北师范大学体育学院

基金项目:

河北省社会科学基金项目 HB19TY014

详细信息

作者简介:
秦剑杰(1979-)，男，山西长治人，硕士，副教授，主要研究方向中为少年儿童体质健康

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R 723.14 G 617.8 R 179
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-09-01
- 修回日期: 2022-10-15
- 网络出版日期: 2022-12-30
- 刊出日期: 2022-12-25

Prevalence and associated factor of obesity in children aged 3-6 years in Hebei Province

1.
Department of School Physical Education, Hebei Institute of Physical Education, Shijiazhuang(050041), China

摘要

摘要: 目的了解河北省3~6岁幼儿肥胖的流行特征以及相关因素，为制定并执行幼儿肥胖防治策略提供参考依据。方法采用分层随机整群抽样的方法，抽取河北省11个地市共6 034名3~6岁幼儿作为调查对象，进行体格检查和问卷调查。结果河北省3~6岁男、女幼儿的肥胖检出率分别为23.00%和17.48%，差异有统计学意义(χ²=28.51，P＜0.01)；乡村和少数民族幼儿的肥胖检出率(20.06%，21.68%)分别高于城镇和汉族幼儿(19.97%，20.90%)，差异均无统计学意义(χ²值分别为0.01，0.78，P值均>0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示，男生(OR=1.45)、出生时体重≥4 000 g(OR=2.80)、每周吃高油脂食品≥3次(OR=1.64)、每周喝碳酸饮料≥3次(OR=4.71)、不喜欢吃水果蔬菜(OR=1.22)、每天进行身体活动＜2 h(OR=1.82)、母亲肥胖(OR=2.00)、父亲不参加体育锻炼(OR=1.95)均与河北省幼儿肥胖发生呈正相关(P值均＜0.01)。结论河北省3~6岁幼儿的肥胖检出率处在较高水平，遗传、不良饮食和生活习惯是幼儿肥胖的相关因素。需要加大对健康知识和幼儿肥胖危害的宣传力度，帮助幼儿养成健康的饮食和生活习惯。
- 肥胖症 /
- 人体质量指数 /
- 回归分析 /
- 儿童，学龄前
Abstract: Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and related factors of obesity in children aged 3-6 years old in Hebei Province, and to provide a reference for childhood obesity prevention and control strategies. Methods A total of 6 034 children aged 3-6 years were randomly selected from 11 cities in Hebei Province for physical examination and questionnaire survey. Results The prevalence of obesity in 3-6-year-old boys and girls in Hebei Province were 23.00% and 17.48%, which differed significantly (χ²=28.51, P < 0.01); The prevalence of obesity was higher in rural areas and children with ethnic minorities (20.06%, 21.68%) than that of urban are and Han children (19.97%, 20.09%), with no significant differences (χ²=0.01, 0.78, P > 0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis revealed that boys(OR=1.45), birth weight no less than 4 000 g (OR=2.80), high-fat food consumption at least 3 times a week (OR=1.64), carbonated drinks consumption at least 3 times a week (OR=4.71), insufficient fruits and vegetables consumption (OR=1.22), physical activities less than 2 hours per day (OR=1.82), maternal obesity (OR=2.0), and lack of physical exercise of fathers (OR=1.95) were significantly associated with higher risk for obesity among young children in Hebei Province (P < 0.01). Conclusion The prevalence of obesity among children aged 3-6 years in Hebei Province is at a high level at present. Many factors contribute to this epidemic such as genetics, poor diet and living habits. Promotion of healthy eating and lifestyle, as well as dissemination of reliable knowledge about childhood obesity are greatly needed.
- Obesity /
- Body mass index /
- Regression analysis /
- Child, preschool
注释:

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表 1 河北省3~6岁幼儿肥胖相关因素的单因素分析

Table 1. Single-factor analysis of the fators related to obesity among young children aged 3-6 years in Hebei Province

因素	选项	人数	肥胖人数	χ²值	P值
出生时体重/g	＜4 000	3 123	423(13.54)	179.54	＜0.01
	≥4 000	2 911	798(27.41)
出生后4个月是否母乳喂养	是	4 273	862(20.17)	0.04	0.85
	否	1 761	359(20.39)
是否上幼儿园	是	5 752	1 132(19.68)	23.51	＜0.01
	否	282	89(31.56)
每周吃高油脂食品≥3次	是	2 896	816(28.18)	217.59	＜0.01
	否	3 138	405(12.91)
每周喝碳酸饮料≥3次	是	1 810	549(30.33)	163.29	＜0.01
	否	4 224	672(15.91)
每周吃甜食≥3次	是	1 509	424(28.10)	70.07	＜0.01
	否	4 525	797(17.61)
喜欢吃蔬菜水果	是	5 049	807(15.98)	218.90	＜0.01
	否	985	414(42.03)
参加文体特长班	是	1 404	267(19.02)	1.30	0.25
	否	4 630	945(20.41)
每天进行身体活动的	是	3 729	548(14.70)	185.60	＜0.01
时间≥2 h	否	2 305	673(29.20)
父亲为专科以上学历	是	2 641	327(12.38)	179.48	＜0.01
	否	3 393	894(26.35)
母亲为专科以上学历	是	1 516	313(20.65)	0.21	0.65
	否	4 518	908(20.10)
父亲肥胖	是	3 615	706(19.53)	2.78	0.10
	否	2 419	515(21.29)
母亲肥胖	是	1 327	343(25.85)	33.20	＜0.01
	否	4 707	878(18.65)
父亲每周参加1次体育锻炼	是	4 838	865(17.88)	83.94	＜0.01
	否	1 196	356(29.77)
母亲每周参加1次体育锻炼	是	2 580	513(19.88)	0.35	0.56
	否	3 454	708(20.50)
注： ()内数字为检出率/%。

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表 2 河北省3~6岁幼儿肥胖的多因素Logistic回归分析(n=6 034)

Table 2. Multi-factor Logistic regression analysis of obesity among children aged 3-6 years in Hebei Province(n=6 034)

自变量	选项	β值	标准误	Wald χ²值	OR值 (OR值95%CI)
性别	男	0.33	0.09	8.74	1.45(1.26~1.61)
出生时体重/g	≥4 000	0.64	0.09	61.21	2.80(2.53~3.13)
每周吃高油脂食品≥3次	是	0.45	0.13	13.46	1.64(1.34~2.03)
每周喝碳酸饮料≥3次	是	1.68	0.27	76.35	4.71(3.54~5.32)
每周吃甜食≥3次	是	1.34	0.15	87.62	5.71(4.17~6.12)
喜欢吃水果蔬菜	否	0.41	0.11	7.98	1.22(1.02~1.68)
每天进行身体活动的时间≥2 h	否	0.52	0.11	34.58	1.82(1.52~2.11)
母亲肥胖	是	0.58	0.12	33.63	2.00(16.86~2.20)
父亲每周参加1次体育锻炼	否	0.69	0.18	22.31	1.95(1.46~2.63)
注： P值均 < 0.01。

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