河南省初中生青春发育时相与社会适应水平的关联

刘艳艳; 侯振虎

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.12.025

河南省初中生青春发育时相与社会适应水平的关联

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.12.025

刘艳艳¹,
侯振虎^2, ,

1.
洛阳师范学院教育科学学院，河南 471934
2.
云南大学马克思主义学院

基金项目:

教育部产学合作协同育人“心理教育与学生发展实证研究方法培训”项目 201902228006

2018年河南省软科学研究计划项目 182400410583

详细信息

作者简介:
刘艳艳(1980-)，女，河南项城人，硕士，讲师，主要研究方向为青少年青春发育与心理健康

通讯作者:
侯振虎，E-mail：houzhenhu@yeah.net

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R179 B844.2 G627.8
计量
- 文章访问数: 255
- HTML全文浏览量: 140
- PDF下载量: 34
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-07-15
- 修回日期: 2022-09-20
- 网络出版日期: 2022-12-30
- 刊出日期: 2022-12-25

Association between pubertal timing and social adaptation in junior school students in Henan Province

LIU Yanyan¹,
HOU Zhenhu^{2
, ,}

1.
Department of Educational Science, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang(471934), Henan Province, China

摘要

摘要: 目的探讨初中生青春发育时相与社会适应性水平的关系，为开展青春期学生的心理教育与行为干预提供指导。方法 2021年9—12月，采取分层整群抽样法，在河南省4座城市抽取3 591名初中生，使用“青春发育量表”和“社会适应量表”开展问卷调查。结果男生在心理优势感、心理能量、人际适应、心理弹性和社会适应层面的得分高于女生，且差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为2.03，5.64，2.48，3.65，4.01，P值均 < 0.05)。单因素方差分析表明，青春发育时相延迟组社会适应得分高于适中组，适中组高于提前组，差异均有统计学意义(P值均 < 0.01)。多元线性回归分析显示，相对于适中组，青春发育时相提前与心理优势感、心理能量、人际适应、心理弹性各维度和社会适应总分均呈负相关(β值分别为-0.30，-0.31，-0.31，-0.32，-0.35，P值均 < 0.01)。结论初中生青春发育时相与社会适应水平密切相关，青春发育时相提前会对社会适应水平产生消极影响。建议学校采取科学方法加强对青春发育时相提前学生的心理援助与支持。
- 青春期 /
- 社会适应 /
- 精神卫生 /
- 回归分析 /
- 青少年
Abstract: Objective To explore the association between pubertal timing and social adaptability in junior school students, and to provide guidance for adolescent psychological education and behavioral interventions. Methods From September to December 2021, 3 591 junior school students were selected from four cities in Henan Province through stratified cluster sampling. The data were obtained with questionnaires of the Youth Development Scale and Social Adaptation Scale. Results The scores of psychological advantage, mental energy, interpersonal adaptation, psychological elasticity and social adaptation were significantly higher in boys than girls(t=2.03, 5.64, 2.48, 3.65, 4.01, P < 0.05). One-way ANOVA indicated that the scores of social adaptation in the delayed group were significantly higher than those in the moderate group, and those in the moderate group were significantly higher than those in the advanced group(P < 0.01). Multiple linear regression analysis demonstrated that, as compared with the moderate group, the group with early puberty showed negative correlations with psychological advantages, mental energy, interpersonal adaptation, psychological resilience and total social adaptation score(β=-0.30, -0.31, -0.31, -0.32, -0.35, P < 0.01). Conclusion Pubertal timing among junior school students is closely associated with social adaptation. Early puberty negatively influences social adaptability. Schools are recommended to take scientific measures to strengthen psychological assistance for students who enter puberty early and to improve their social adaptability.
- Puberty /
- Social adjustment /
- Mental health /
- Regression analysis /
- Adolescent
注释:

1) 利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。

HTML全文

表 1 不同人口统计学特征初中生社会适应得分比较(x±s)

Table 1. Comparison of social adaptation scores of junior school students with different demographic characteristics(x±s)

人口统计学指标	选项	人数	统计值	心理优势感	心理能量	人际适应	心理弹性	社会适应总分
性别	男	1 991		49.29±9.71	57.73±11.90	61.78±11.57	67.69±13.73	236.5±41.74
	女	1 600		48.65±8.96	55.35±13.34	60.82±11.51	66.02±13.46	230.8±42.22
			t值	2.03	5.64	2.48	3.65	4.01
年龄/岁	11	18		41.94±12.89	49.78±14.69	53.89±15.83	60.28±17.90	205.9±58.77
	12	567		51.34±10.54	59.76±13.33	64.23±12.38	70.69±14.85	246.0±48.61
	13	1 086		50.64±9.23	58.01±12.65	62.95±11.01	69.20±13.58	240.8±43.07
	14	1 046		48.56±7.87	56.07±11.17	61.46±9.84	66.65±11.31	232.7±35.06
	15	874		46.13±9.52	53.85±13.00	57.52±12.39	62.20±13.92	219.6±38.98
			F值	42.53	25.05	41.78	48.29	48.70
年级	七	1 158		50.45±9.99	58.42±13.50	63.34±11.86	69.49±14.09	241.7±46.68
	八	1 281		50.05±7.97	57.45±10.97	62.16±9.80	68.50±11.76	238.2±37.18
	九	1 152		46.38±9.69	54.03±12.99	58.45±12.44	62.66±13.58	221.5±39.39
			F值	69.39	39.65	58.58	89.81	79.93
生源地	城镇	2 052		49.49±8.26	57.26±11.17	61.97±9.73	68.12±11.79	236.8±36.25
	农村	1 539		48.35±10.68	55.88±14.29	60.53±13.57	65.38±15.63	230.2±48.46
			t值	3.60	3.23	3.70	5.99	4.73
注：P值均 < 0.05。

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 不同青春发育时相初中生社会适应得分比较(x±s)

Table 2. Comparison of social adaptation scores in different puberty timing phase(x±s)

性别	发育时相	人数	统计值	心理优势	心理能量	人际适应	心理弹性	社会适应总分
男	延迟	320		54.94±11.05	65.36±12.61	68.34±10.60	76.26±13.83	264.9±44.40
	适中	1 364		49.63±6.95	57.53±9.00	62.40±8.46	68.20±10.10	237.8±29.00
	提前	307		41.89±13.52	50.67±16.84	52.16±17.15	56.48±19.18	201.2±58.57
			F值	168.10	136.19	190.09	198.50	226.13
女	延迟	278		53.26±10.97	60.35±13.96	64.60±11.99	72.74±14.86	250.9±45.78
	适中	1 039		49.24±5.73	57.44±8.25	61.95±8.71	67.23±9.30	235.9±27.44
	提前	283		41.94±12.18	42.76±19.15	52.93±15.81	54.99±17.91	192.6±57.63
			F值	138.87	197.36	96.78	160.38	191.78
注：P值均 < 0.01。

下载: 导出CSV

表 3 初中生社会适应影响因素的多元线性回归分析(n=3 591，β值)

Table 3. Multiple linear regression analysis of influencing factors of junior middle school students' social adaptation(n=3 591, β)

自变量	选项	心理优势感		心理能量		人际适应		心理弹性		社会适应总分
自变量	选项	模型1	模型2	模型1	模型2	模型1	模型2	模型1	模型2	模型1	模型2
性别		-0.03^*	-0.03	-0.09^**	-0.08^**	-0.04^*	-0.03^*	-0.06^**	-0.05^**	-0.07^**	-0.06^*
年龄		-0.14^**	-0.18^**	-0.11^**	-0.15^**	-0.14^**	-0.18^**	-0.13^**	-0.19^**	-0.14^**	-0.20^**
年级		-0.07^**	-0.02	-0.06^*	-0.01	-0.06^*	-0.02	-0.09^**	-0.04	-0.08^**	-0.02
生源地		-0.04^*	0.01	-0.04^*	0.02	-0.04^**	0.01	-0.08^**	-0.02	-0.06^**	0.01
青春发育	提前组		-0.30^**		-0.31^**		-0.31^**		-0.32^**		-0.35^**
时相	延迟组		0.19^**		0.17^**		0.15^**		0.19^**		0.20^**
R²值		0.04	0.19	0.03	0.18	0.04	0.17	0.06	0.22	0.05	0.24
F值		37.94^**	135.72^**	31.87^**	128.50^**	37.35^**	124.39^**	54.37^**	165.24^**	50.31^**	184.31^**
注：P < 0.05，*P < 0.01。

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(21)

[1]	陶芳标. 早期生长模式与青春发动提前[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2008, 29(3): 193-195, 199. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-9817.2008.03.001 TAO F B. Early growth pattern and early onset of youth[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2008, 29(3): 193-195, 199. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-9817.2008.03.001
[2]	蒋婧琳. 个案工作介入青春发动时相提前儿童的自卑心理问题研究[D]. 重庆: 西南大学, 2020. JIANG J L. Case work involved in the inferiority complex of children with early youth onset[D]. Chongqing: Southwest University, 2020. (in Chinese)
[3]	STRONG C, TSAI M C, LIN C Y, et al. Childhood adversity, timing of puberty and adolescent depressive symptoms: a longitudinal study in Taiwan[J]. Child Psychiatry Human Dev, 2016, 47(3): 347-357. doi: 10.1007/s10578-015-0570-y
[4]	GRABER J A. Pubertal timing and the development of psychopathology in adolescence and beyond[J]. Horm Behav, 2013, 64(2): 262-269. doi: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2013.04.003
[5]	孙双明, 刘波, 孙妍. 青少年体育参与和社会适应关系的实证研究: 以清华大学为个案[J]. 北京体育大学学报, 2019, 42(2): 76-85, 125. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-BJTD201902009.htm SUN S M, LIU B, SUN Y. An empirical study on the relationship between adolescent sports participation and social adaptation: a case study of Tsinghua University[J]. J Beijing Sport Univ, 2019, 42(2): 76-85, 125. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-BJTD201902009.htm
[6]	MENDLE J, HARDEN K P, BROOKS-GUNN J, et al. Development's tortoise and hare: pubertal timing, pubertal tempo, and depressive symptoms in boys and girls[J]. Dev Psychol, 2010, 46(5): 1341-1353. doi: 10.1037/a0020205
[7]	VINER R. Puberty, the brain and mental health in adolescence[J]. Res Perspect Endocrinol Interact, 2015, 13: 57-73.
[8]	MENSAH F K, BAYER J K, WAKE M, et al. Early puberty and childhood social and behavioral adjustment[J]. J Adolesc Health, 2013, 53(1): 118-124. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2012.12.018
[9]	陶芳标. 青春发动时相提前的学校卫生学意义[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2008, 29(8): 673-676. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-9817.2008.08.001 TAO F B. The significance of school hygiene in the early onset of youth[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2008, 29(8): 673-676. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-9817.2008.08.001
[10]	PETERSEN A C, CROCKETT L, RICHARDS M, et al. A self-report measure of pubertal status: reliability, validity, and initial norms[J]. J Youth Adolesc, 1988, 17(2): 117-133. doi: 10.1007/BF01537962
[11]	韩慧, 汪耿夫, 苏普玉. 安徽省中学生青春期发育时相与不同维度攻击行为的关系[J]. 卫生研究, 2016, 45(1): 19-34. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-WSYJ201601003.htm HAN H, WANG G F, SU P Y. Relationship between adolescent development phases and different dimensions of aggressive behavior of middle school students in Anhui Province[J]. J Hyg Res, 2016, 45(1): 19-34. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-WSYJ201601003.htm
[12]	CHAN N P T, SUNG R Y T, NELSON E A, et al. Measurement of pubertal status with a Chinese Self-report Pubertal Development Scale[J]. Matern Child Health J, 2010, 14(3): 466-473. doi: 10.1007/s10995-009-0481-2
[13]	陈建文, 黄希庭. 中学生社会适应性的理论构建及量表编制[J]. 心理科学, 2004, 27(1): 182-184. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XLKX200401053.htm CHEN J W, HUANG X T. Theory construction and scale development of middle school students' social adaptability[J]. Psychol Sci, 2004, 27(1): 182-184. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XLKX200401053.htm
[14]	付帅. 体育锻炼对中学生社会适应能力影响的研究[D]. 大连: 辽宁师范大学, 2017. FU S. Research on the influence of physical exercise on middle school students' social adaptability[D]. Dalian: Liaoning Normal University, 2017. (in Chinese)
[15]	宋庆华. 中学生成就目标定向与社会适应的关系及干预研究[D]. 重庆: 西南大学, 2021. SONG Q H. A study on the relationship and intervention between achievement goal orientation and social adaptation of middle school students[D]. Chongqing: Southwest University, 2021. (in Chinese)
[16]	谢念姿, 杨洪, 周云, 等. 自控能力对初中生社会适应的影响研究[J]. 遵义师范学院学报, 2021, 23(1): 155-158. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZYSF202101038.htm XIE N Z, YANG H, ZHOU Y, et al. Research on the influence of self-control ability on junior middle school students' social adaptation[J]. J Zunyi Norm Univ, 2021, 23 (1): 155-158. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZYSF202101038.htm
[17]	HAMILTON J L, STANGE J P, KLEIMAN E M, et al. Cognitive vulnerabilities amplify the effect of early pubertal timing on interpersonal stress generation during adolescence[J]. J Youth Adolesc, 2014, 43(5): 824-833.
[18]	李丽, 娄晓民, 张彦勤. 青少年心理行为问题与青春期发动时相提前以及肥胖的相关性[J]. 中国心理卫生杂志, 2018, 32(7): 569-573. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZXWS201807008.htm LI L, LOU X M, ZHANG Y Q. Correlation between adolescent psychological and behavioral problems, early onset of puberty and obesity[J]. Chin Ment Health J, 2018, 32(7): 569-573. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZXWS201807008.htm
[19]	刘梦孜, 上官芳芳, 王怡, 等. 6-11岁女生青春发动时相与问题行为的关系[J]. 中国神经精神疾病杂志, 2019, 45(3): 161-165. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZSJJ201903009.htm LIU M Z, SHANGGUAN F F, WANG Y, et al. The relationship between 6-11-year-old girls' youth initiation phases and problem behaviors[J]. Chin J Neuropsychiatr Dis, 2019, 45(3): 161-165. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZSJJ201903009.htm
[20]	赵志雅, 徐慧琼, 汪姗姗, 等. 初中生青春发动时相与心理亚健康关联及性别差异[J]. 中国公共卫生, 2021, 37(2): 270-274. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGGW202102017.htm ZHAO Z Y, XU H Q, WANG S S, et al. The relationship between junior middle school students' youth initiation phase and mental sub-health and gender differences[J]. Chin J Public Health, 2021, 37(2): 270-274. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGGW202102017.htm
[21]	AZURMENDI A, PASCUAL-SAGASTIZABAL E, VERGARA A I, et al. Developmental trajectories of aggressive behavior in children from ages 8 to 10: the role of sex and hormones[J]. Am J Human Biol, 2016, 28(1): 90-97.