留言板

尊敬的读者、作者、审稿人, 关于本刊的投稿、审稿、编辑和出版的任何问题, 您可以本页添加留言。我们将尽快给您答复。谢谢您的支持!

姓名
邮箱
手机号码
标题
留言内容
验证码

开远市中小学生屈光不正状况

秦宇 尹星 郑亚捷 李雪 梁刚

秦宇, 尹星, 郑亚捷, 李雪, 梁刚. 开远市中小学生屈光不正状况[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2022, 43(12): 1860-1863. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.12.024
引用本文: 秦宇, 尹星, 郑亚捷, 李雪, 梁刚. 开远市中小学生屈光不正状况[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2022, 43(12): 1860-1863. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.12.024
QIN Yu, YIN Xing, ZHENG Yajie, LI Xue, LIANG Gang. Prevalence of ametropia among primary and middle school students in Kaiyuan[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH, 2022, 43(12): 1860-1863. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.12.024
Citation: QIN Yu, YIN Xing, ZHENG Yajie, LI Xue, LIANG Gang. Prevalence of ametropia among primary and middle school students in Kaiyuan[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH, 2022, 43(12): 1860-1863. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.12.024

开远市中小学生屈光不正状况

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.12.024
基金项目: 

国家自然科学基金项目 82160204

云南省高层次卫生计生技术人才培养计划项目 D-2018016

详细信息
    作者简介:

    秦宇(1997-),女,云南省人,在读硕士,主要研究方向为眼科学、屈光手术及临床视光学

    通讯作者:

    梁刚,E-mail:29801242@qq.com

  • 利益冲突声明  所有作者声明无利益冲突。
  • 中图分类号: R179 G478 R778.1

Prevalence of ametropia among primary and middle school students in Kaiyuan

  • 摘要:   目的  了解云南省红河州开远市中小学生视力与屈光不正现状,为当地开展青少年近视防控工作提供科学参考。  方法  2021年9月,采用整群抽样方法抽取云南省红河州开远市76所中小学38 534名学生开展调查,对纳入对象开展远视力、非睫状肌麻痹下电脑验光检查。采用χ2检验比较不同性别、年级、民族及城乡之间屈光不正患病率的差异。  结果  中小学生近视率为40.0%,远视率为17.7%,散光率为21.2%,视力不良率为50.7%,戴镜率为17.2%。女生近视率(45.7%)高于男生(34.5%)(χ2=520.68),城区学生近视率(50.1%)高于农村地区(28.4%)(χ2=1 882.13),一至九年级学生近视率随年级升高而升高(χ趋势2=7 151.41),不同民族间近视、远视及散光患病率差异均有统计学意义(χ2值分别为1 299.26,164.13,1 091.37,P值均 < 0.01)。  结论  开远市中小学生近视及散光率随年级升高呈上升趋势,各民族之间近视患病率差异有统计学意义。近视防控要重视城乡、性别差异,科学有效地开展综合防控。
    1)  利益冲突声明  所有作者声明无利益冲突。
  • 表  1  开远市不同组别学生3种屈光不正患病率比较

    Table  1.   Comparison of the prevalence of three type of ametropia in primary and middle school students of different groups in Kaiyuan

    组别 选项 人数 统计值 近视患病人数 远视患病人数 散光患病人数
    性别 19 528 6 735(34.5) 3 811(19.5) 3 957(20.3)
    19 006 8 680(45.7) 3 023(15.9) 4 219(22.2)
    χ2 520.68 86.04 21.58
    P < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01
    年级 3 346 414(12.4) 960(28.7) 350(10.5)
    3 717 455(12.2) 1 042(28.0) 335(9.0)
    4 077 673(16.5) 1 068(26.2) 384(9.4)
    4 364 1 006(23.1) 977(22.4) 457(10.5)
    3 471 1 213(34.9) 665(19.2) 543(15.6)
    3 912 1 706(43.6) 612(15.6) 764(19.5)
    5 577 3 371(60.4) 474(8.5) 1 743(31.3)
    5 162 3 234(62.7) 598(11.6) 1 738(33.7)
    4 908 3 343(68.1) 438(8.9) 1 862(37.9)
    χ2 7 466.29 1 547.87 2 910.73
    P < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01
    地区 城区 20 603 10 323(50.1) 3 653(17.7) 5 692(27.6)
    乡村 17 931 5 092(28.4) 3 181(17.7) 2 484(13.9)
    χ2 1 882.13 0.01 1 088.13
    P < 0.01 0.98 < 0.01
    民族 彝族 14 644 5 402(36.9) 2 554(17.4) 2 876(19.6)
    汉族 11 477 5 795(50.5) 1 748(15.2) 3 294(28.7)
    苗族 6 858 1 722(25.1) 1 543(22.5) 619(9.0)
    回族 1 621 766(47.3) 270(16.7) 456(28.1)
    哈尼族 1 780 717(40.3) 330(18.5) 373(21.0)
    壮族 1 491 696(46.7) 251(16.8) 380(25.5)
    其他民族 663 317(47.8) 138(20.8) 178(26.8)
    χ2 1 299.26 164.13 1 091.37
    P < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01
    合计 38 534 15 415(40.0) 6 834(17.7) 8 176(21.2)
    :()内数字为患病率/%。
    下载: 导出CSV
  • [1] HOLDEN B A, FRICKE T R, WILSON D A, et al. Global prevalence of myopia and high myopia and temporal trends from 2000 through 2050[J]. Ophthalmology, 2016, 123(5): 1036-1042. doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2016.01.006
    [2] 彭冬林. 给孩子一个清晰的世界《2021中国儿童青少年近视防控趋势报告》线下发布会在沪举办[J]. 中国眼镜科技杂志, 2021(7): 50-51. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-6615.2021.07.017

    PENG D L. Give children a clear world: offline conference of 2021 Report on the Trend of Myopia Prevention and Control for Children and Adolescents in China was held in Shanghai[J]. China Glass Sci Technol J, 2021(7): 50-51. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-6615.2021.07.017
    [3] 邹海东, 何鲜桂, 马莹琰, 等. 依据《中小学生屈光不正筛查规范》开展青少年屈光不正防控工作[J]. 中华实验眼科杂志, 2020, 38(6): 473-475. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115989-20200113-00024

    ZOU H D, HE X G, MA Y Y, et al. Implementing a preventiong and ametropia in accordance with Specification for Screening Refractive Error in school-age children and adolescents[J]. Chin J Exp Ophthalmol, 2020, 38(6): 473-475. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115989-20200113-00024
    [4] 李凤鸣. 中华眼科学[M]. 2版. 北京: 人民卫生出版社, 2005: 2420.

    LI F M. Chinese ophthalmology[M]. 2 ed. Beijing: People's Health Publishing House, 2005: 2420. (in Chinese)
    [5] JAN C, XU R, LUO D, et al. Association of visual impairment with economic development among Chinese school children[J]. JAMA Pediatr, 2019, 173(7): e190914. doi: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2019.0914
    [6] 薛茹, 钟华, 赵春华, 等. 云南芒市民族聚居区中小学生近视及裸眼视力损伤现状[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2020, 41(3): 409-412. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2020.03.024

    XUE R, ZHONG H, ZHAO C H, et al. Epidemiology of myopia and unaided visual impairment of primary and secondary school students of Han and minorities in Mangshi City in Yunnan[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2020, 41(3): 409-412. (in Chinese) doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2020.03.024
    [7] 李姣, 吕慧, 李玉洁, 等. 云南省2005年7个民族学生常见病患病现状分析[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2008, 29(12): 1165-1166. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-9817.2008.12.050

    LI J, LYU H, LI Y J, et al. Analysis of the prevalence of common diseases among students of seven ethnic groups in Yunnan Province in 2005[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2008, 29(12): 1165-1166. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-9817.2008.12.050
    [8] 荣先芳, 蔡志刚, 罗翠丽, 等. 云南省临沧市小学生近视现况调查[J]. 中国眼耳鼻喉科杂志, 2021, 21(4): 250-254. doi: 10.14166/j.issn.1671-2420.2021.04.004

    RONG X F, CAI Z G, LUO C L, et al. Prevalence of myopia among primary school students in Lincang City, Yunnan Province[J]. Chin J Ophthalmol Otorhinolaryngol, 2021, 21(4): 250-254. (in Chinese) doi: 10.14166/j.issn.1671-2420.2021.04.004
    [9] 宋卓. 云南省墨江县中学生近视患病率和影响因素研究[D]. 昆明: 昆明医科大学, 2017.

    SONG Z. In Mojiang County in Yunnan Province Nyopia prevalence and influence factors of middle school students[D]. Kunming: Kunming Medical University, 2017. (in Chinese)
    [10] 钱登娟. 云南省某市中小学生近视和视力不良的流行病学研究及配镜需求分析[D]. 苏州: 苏州大学, 2018.

    QIAN D J. Epidemiology of myopia, reduced visual acuity and spectacles need analysis in a City in Yunnan Province[D]. Suzhou: Soochow University, 2018. (in Chinese)
    [11] 金艳辉, 刘晓玲, 王燕, 等. 2020年内蒙古自治区包头市中小学生近视现状分析[J/OL]. (2022-05-10)[2022-12-05]. http://kns.cnkinet/kcms/detail/11.2928.R.20220510.1142.004.html.

    JIN Y H, LIU X L, WANG Y, et al. Analysis of the current situation of myopia among primary and secondary school students in Baotou, Inner Mongolia in 2020[J/OL]. (2022-05-10)[2022-12-05]. http://kns.cnkinet/kcms/detail/11.2928.R.20220510.1142.004.html. (in Chinese)
    [12] 闫京晶, 张杨, 周海泓, 等. 2020年宿迁市儿童青少年近视现状分析[J]. 中国校医, 2022, 36(4): 271-272. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XIYI202204006.htm

    YAN J J, ZHANG Y, ZHOU H H, et al. Analysis of current situation of myopia among children and adolescents in Suqian City in 2020[J]. Chin J School Doctor, 2022, 36(4): 271-272. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XIYI202204006.htm
    [13] 张海芳, 王静, 陈婷丽, 等. 2020年无锡市滨湖区中小学生近视筛查现状分析[J]. 预防医学情报杂志, 2022, 38(2): 250-254. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YFYX202202018.htm

    ZHANG H F, WANG J, CHEN T L, et al. Prevalence of myopia of primary and middle school students in Binhu District of Wuxi City[J]. J Prev Med Inf, 2022, 38(2): 250-254. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YFYX202202018.htm
    [14] 张琳洁, 季舒铭, 包映娜, 等. 都江堰市中小学生近视状况及影响因素分析[J]. 现代预防医学, 2020, 47(16): 2958-2962. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XDYF202016019.htm

    ZHANG L J, JI S M, BAO Y N, et al. Investigation on the current situation of students' myopia in Dujiangyan City and analysis of influencing factors[J]. Mod Prev Med, 2020, 47(16): 2958-2962. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XDYF202016019.htm
    [15] 赵晶, 赵建国, 李长富, 等. 近视发生敏感期小学生户外活动时间及与近视关系[J]. 中国公共卫生, 2021, 37(5): 784-787. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGGW202105004.htm

    ZHAO J, ZHAO J G, LI C F, et al. Association of activity time with myopia among school children at vulnerable age of myopia onset[J]. Chin J Public Health, 2021, 37(5): 784-787. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGGW202105004.htm
    [16] 徐文红, 王丽娟. 视力障碍青少年身体活动水平和久坐时间调查[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2020, 41(2): 190-193. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2020.02.008

    XU W H, WANG L J. Accelerometer-assessed physical activity and sedentary time in Chinese adolescents with visual impairments[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2020, 41(2): 190-193. (in Chinese) doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2020.02.008
    [17] 赵锦平. 云南中小学生教室环境卫生与近视关系的多水平模型分析[D]. 昆明: 昆明医科大学, 2021.

    ZHAO J P. Multilevel model analysis of the relationship between myopia and classroom environmental hygiene among premary and middle school students in Yunnan[D]. Kunming: Kunming Medical University, 2021. (in Chinese)
    [18] FRENCH A N, MORGAN I G, MITCHELL P, et al. Patterns of myopigenic activities with age, gender and ethnicity in Sydney schoolchildren[J]. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt, 2013, 33(3): 318-328.
    [19] 谢红莉, 毛欣杰, 杨海虹, 等. 青少年近视与血清性激素关系分析[J]. 中华医学杂志, 2014, 94(17): 1294-1297.

    XIE H L, MAO X J, YANG H H, et al. Analysis on the relationship between adolescent myopia and serum sex hormone[J]. Natl Med J China, 2014, 94(17): 1294-1297. (in Chinese)
    [20] DONG L, KANG Y K, LI Y, et al. Prevalence and time trends of myopia in children and adolescents in China: a systemic review and Meta-analysis[J]. Meta-Analysis, 2020, 40(3): 399-411.
    [21] 钱美伶, 李正红, 白惠玲, 等. 临夏州多民族青少年近视患病率调查及相关因素分析[J]. 国际眼科杂志, 2018, 18(6): 1105-1108. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GJYK201806034.htm

    QIAN M L, LI Z H, BAI H L, et al. Prevalence and related factors investigations of myopia among multi-ethnic adolescents in Linxia Prefecture[J]. Int Eye Sci, 2018, 18(6): 1105-1108. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GJYK201806034.htm
    [22] 边红霞, 边梦婷, 郭宓, 等. 包头市小学生近视现况调查及相关因素分析[J]. 国际眼科杂志, 2021, 21(10): 1834-1838. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GJYK202110040.htm

    BIAN H X, BIAN M T, GUO M, et al. Investigation on the current situation of myopia among pupils in Baotou and analysis of related factors[J]. Int Eye Sci, 2021, 21(10): 1834-1838. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-GJYK202110040.htm
    [23] SHI Y, WANG Y, CUI A, et al. Myopia prevalence and ocular biometry: a cross-sectional study among minority versus Han school children in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China[J]. Eye, 2022, 36(10): 2034-2042.
    [24] 洛尘. 国家卫生健康委组织发布《儿童青少年近视防控适宜技术指南(更新版)》[J]. 青春期健康, 2022, 20(4): 43. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-QCQJ202204010.htm

    LUO C. The National Health Commission organized the release of the Technical Guidelines for the Prevention and Control of Myopia in Children and Adolescents(Updated)[J]. Adolesc Health, 2022, 20(4): 43. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-QCQJ202204010.htm
    [25] MA Y, HE X, ZOU H, et al. Myopia screening: combining visual acuity and noncycloplegic autorefraction[J]. Optom Vis Sci, 2013, 90(12): 1479-1485.
    [26] SANKARIDURG P, HE X, NADUVILATH T, et al. Comparison of noncycloplegic and cycloplegic autorefraction in categorizing refractive error data in children[J]. Acta Ophthalmol, 2017, 95(7): e633-e640.
  • 加载中
表(1)
计量
  • 文章访问数:  267
  • HTML全文浏览量:  96
  • PDF下载量:  51
  • 被引次数: 0
出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2022-07-17
  • 修回日期:  2022-09-21
  • 网络出版日期:  2022-12-30
  • 刊出日期:  2022-12-25

目录

    /

    返回文章
    返回