山东省中小学生高尿酸血症流行状况

孙青; 姜迎; 张迎修; 李玲

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.01.029

山东省中小学生高尿酸血症流行状况

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.01.029

孙青¹,
姜迎²,
张迎修²,
李玲^1, ,

1.
山东大学齐鲁儿童医院临床营养科，济南 250022
2.
山东省疾病预防控制中心食品与营养所

详细信息

作者简介:
孙青(1986-)，女，山东济南人，硕士，主管医师，主要研究方向为儿童营养与健康

通讯作者:
李玲，E-mail：ll.816@163.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R446 R179 R589.7
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-08-16
- 修回日期: 2021-10-20
- 刊出日期: 2022-01-25

Analysis of the prevalence of hyperuricemia among primary and secondary school students in Shandong Province

1.
Clinical Nutrition Department of Qilu Children's Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan (250022), China

摘要

摘要: 目的了解山东省中小学生高尿酸血症流行现状，为防治儿童青少年高尿酸血症提供数据支撑。方法采用分层整群随机抽样的方法，对山东省城乡3 609名中小学生的血尿酸、腰围、身高、体重等数据进行收集与分析。结果中小学生血尿酸均值为(316.17±82.57)μmol/L，高尿酸血症总检出率为17.4%。男生的血尿酸值[(338.26±90.30)μmol/L]和高尿酸血症检出率(18.9%)高于女生[(294.25±67.29)μmol/L，15.9%]，差异均有统计学意义(t/χ²值分别为16.60，5.48，P值均 < 0.05)。城市学生血尿酸值[(353.24±78.98)μmol/L]和高尿酸血症检出率(21.6%)高于农村[(283.56±71.45)μmol/L，12.8%]，沿海[(376.80±85.46)μmol/L，26.6%]高于内陆[(282.45±60.67)μmol/L，11.6%]，差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为14.54，15.27，χ²值分别为48.15，132.53，P值均 < 0.01)。不同年龄之间的血尿酸值和高尿酸血症检出率差异均有统计学意义(t/χ²值分别为11.79，18.11，P值均 < 0.01)。高尿酸血症检出率均随着肥胖程度、腰围、血压、血脂和血糖的增加而呈现一定的升高趋势，差异均有统计学意义(χ²值分别为999.95，561.08，447.57，196.37，115.08，P值均 < 0.01)。结论山东省中小学生高尿酸血症检出率较高，高尿酸血症与性别、年龄、体质量指数(BMI)、腰围、血压、血脂、血糖有关。高危人群应定期体检，改善不良生活方式，减少高尿酸血症所诱发的多种慢性疾病。
- 高尿酸血症 /
- 流行病学研究 /
- 患病率 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective To obtain the prevalence of hyperuricemia among primary and secondary school students in Shandong Province, and to provide data support for the prevention and treatment of hyperuricemia in children and adolescents. Methods The stratified cluster random sampling method was used to collect the data of 3 609 primary and secondary school students in urban and rural areas in Shandong Province, including the blood uric acid, waist circumference, height, and weight. Results The average blood uric acid value of primary and secondary school students was (316.17±82.57)μmol/L, and the total detection rate of hyperuricemia was 17.4%. The detection rate of blood uric acid was 18.9% and hyperuricemia[(338.26±90.30)μmol/L] of boys were higher than those of girls[(294.25±67.29)μmol/L, 15.9%], and the difference were statistically significant(t/χ²=16.60, 5.48, P < 0.05). The detection rate of blood uric acid (21.6%) and hyperuricemia [(353.24±78.98)μmol/L] in urban areas was higher than that in rural areas, and higher in coastal areas[(376.80±85.46)μmol/L, 26.6%] than inland; the differences were statistically significant (t=14.54, 15.27, χ²=48.15, 132.53, P < 0.01). The differences in the blood uric acid value and the detection rate of hyperuricemia between different ages were statistically significant (t/χ²=11.79, 18.11, P < 0.01). The detection rate of blood uric acid increased with the increase of obesity, waist circumference, blood pressure, blood lipids and blood sugar, and the difference were statistically significant (χ²=999.95, 561.08, 447.57, 196.37, 115.08, P < 0.01). Conclusion The detection rate of hyperuricemia among primary and secondary school students in Shandong Province is relatively high. The hyperuricemia is related to gender, age, BMI, waist circumference, blood pressure, blood lipids and blood sugar. High-risk groups should have regular physical examinations to actively improve their unhealthy lifestyles and reduce the incidence of hyperuricemia.
- Hyperuricemia /
- Epidemiologic studies /
- Pervalence /
- Students
注释:

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表 1 不同组别中小学生高尿酸血症检出率比较

Table 1. Comparison of detection rates of hyperuricemia among primary and secondary school students in different groups

组别	选项	人数	检出人数	χ²值	P值
性别	男	1 798	339(18.9)	5.48	0.02
	女	1 811	288(15.9)
城乡	城市	1 877	405(21.6)	48.15	< 0.01
	农村	1 732	222(12.8)
地区	沿海	1 390	369(26.6)	132.53	< 0.01
	内陆	2 219	258(11.6)
年龄/岁	6~9	1 075	181(16.8)	18.11	< 0.01
	10~13	1 260	262(20.8)
	14~17	1 274	184(14.4)
BMI	消瘦	224	10(4.5)	999.95	< 0.01
	正常体重	2 211	97(4.4)
	超重	604	196(32.5)
	肥胖	570	324(56.8)
腰围	正常	2 956	306(10.4)	561.08	< 0.01
	中心性肥胖	653	321(49.2)
血压	正常	2 433	197(8.1)	447.57	< 0.01
	偏高	1 176	430(36.6)
血脂	正常	3 139	438(14.0)	196.37	< 0.01
	异常	470	189(40.2)
血糖	正常	3 263	495(15.2)	115.08	< 0.01
	高	346	132(38.2)
注： ()内数字为检出率/%。

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