高原地区家长喂养认知行为对儿童贫血的影响

黄蕾; 岳莉; 何莉; 李佳樾; 南楠; 卫春萍; 宋雯雯; 陈奕铭

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.01.028

高原地区家长喂养认知行为对儿童贫血的影响

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.01.028

黄蕾¹,
岳莉¹,
何莉¹,
李佳樾¹,
南楠¹,
卫春萍²,
宋雯雯¹,
陈奕铭^1, ,

1.
甘肃省妇幼保健院儿童保健科, 兰州 730050
2.
甘南州妇幼保健院

基金项目:

甘肃省卫生行业科研计划项目 GSWSKY2018-14

详细信息

作者简介:
黄蕾(1984-)，女，甘肃兰州人，硕士，主治医师，主要从事儿童营养性疾病诊治工作

通讯作者:
陈奕铭，E-mail：563403831@qq.com

中图分类号: R 153.2 R 151
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- 文章访问数: 505
- HTML全文浏览量: 214
- PDF下载量: 19
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-07-09
- 修回日期: 2020-09-04
- 网络出版日期: 2021-04-01
- 刊出日期: 2021-01-25

Effects of parental feeding practices on children's anemia in plateau area

1.
Children's Health Care Department, Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-care Hospital, Lanzhou(730050), China

摘要

摘要: 目的探讨高原少数民族地区儿童喂养人的喂养认知及行为对0~6岁儿童贫血发生的影响，为制定降低儿童贫血患病率干预措施提供依据。方法采用分层随机整群抽样方法，抽取甘南藏族自治州4个县共1 726名0~6岁儿童进行血红蛋白测定和喂养认知行为等相关调查。结果 0~6岁儿童贫血患病率为50.3%。低月龄、藏族、农村、父母学历及家庭收入低者贫血患病率较高(χ²值分别为156.95，899.51，148.17，8.18，16.36，11.03，P值均 < 0.05)。家长喂养知识知晓率为10.0%~53.7%。喂饭时分散孩子注意力、强迫进食的报告率分别为51.4%及36.1%。二分类Logistic回归结果显示，家长错误的喂养认知及强迫进食行为与儿童贫血发生正相关(P值均 < 0.05)。结论家长健康素养和喂养行为的改善是降低0~6岁儿童贫血发生的重要干预措施。
- 健康知识, 态度, 实践 /
- 贫血 /
- 患病率 /
- 回归分析 /
- 儿童
Abstract: Objective To investigate the effects of parental feeding practices on anemia in children aged 0-6 years in the minority area of the plateau, and to provide evidence for anemia intervention. Methods A total of 1 726 children aged 0-6 years in 4 counties of Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture were selected by stratified random cluster sampling to measure hemoglobin level. Parental feeding practices were evaluated. Results The anemia prevalence rate among children aged 0-6 years was 50.3%. The prevalence of anemia was higher in those with younger age, Tibetan ethnic, rural residence, low parents' education level and family income(χ²=156.95, 899.51, 148.17, 8.18, 16.36, 11.03, P < 0.05). Parentl awareness rates on feeding knowledge were 10.0%-53.7%. The report rates of distraction and force-feeding were 51.4% and 36.1%, respectively. Logistic regression analysis showed that parents' incorrect feeding knowledge and compulsive feeding behaviors were positively associated with anemia in children(P < 0.05). Conclusion Improvement of parents' health literacy and feeding behavior is an important intervention to reduce anemia in children aged 0-6 years.
- Health knowledge, attitudes, practice /
- Anemia /
- Prevalence /
- Regression analysis /
- Child

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表 1 高原地区不同人口学特征0~6岁儿童贫血患病率比较

Table 1. Comparison of the prevalence of anemia among children aged 0-6 with different demographic characteristics in plateau area

人口统计学指标	选项	人数	贫血人数	χ²值	P值
性别	男	944	478(50.6)	0.10	0.75
	女	782	390(49.9)
月龄/月	0~12	262	185(70.6)	156.95	0.00
	13~36	420	285(67.9)
	≥37	1 044	398(38.1)
民族	非藏族	605	7(1.2)	899.51	0.00
	藏族	1 121	861(76.8)
家庭所在地	农村	527	378(71.7)	148.17	0.00
	县城	828	362(43.7)
	市区	371	128(34.5)
母亲学历	初中及以下	684	373(54.5)	8.18	0.02
	高中/中专/大专	433	207(47.8)
	大学及以上	609	288(47.3)
父亲学历	初中及以下	649	367(56.5)	16.36	0.00
	高中/中专/大专	475	219(46.1)
	大学及以上	602	282(46.8)
家庭人均月收入/元	<2 000	257	152(59.1)	11.03	0.00
	2 000~<5 000	790	397(50.3)
	≥5 000	679	319(47.0)
注：()内数字为患病率/%。

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表 2 高原地区0~6岁儿童家长不同喂养认知及行为儿童贫血检出率比较

Table 2. Comparison of the detection rate of anemia with different parental feeding cognition and behavior of 0-6 years old children in plateau area

喂养认知及喂养行为	选项	人数	贫血人数	χ²值	P值
添加辅食月龄	满6月龄	397	196(49.4)	0.17	0.68
	其他	1 329	672(50.6)
首选辅食种类	强化铁米粉	926	440(47.5)	6.15	0.01
	其他或不清楚	800	428(53.5)
最适宜补铁食物	动物血、红肉	201	101(50.2)	0.00	0.99
	其他或不清楚	1 525	767(50.3)
营养性贫血有关的元素	铁	543	245(45.1)	8.47	0.00
	其他或不清楚	1 183	623(52.7)
持续母乳喂养时间	满24月龄	173	75(43.4)	3.70	0.05
	其他或不清楚	1 553	793(51.1)
吃饭时拿玩具等转移孩子注意力	是	763	355(46.5)	0.12	0.73
	否	721	342(47.4)
强迫进食	是	535	293(54.8)	20.43	0.00
	否	949	404(42.6)
经常给孩子提供零食	是	523	233(44.6)	1.89	0.17
	否	961	464(48.3)
喂夜奶	是	422	202(47.9)	0.19	0.66
	否	1 062	495(46.6)
注：喂养行为针对≥12月龄儿童询问；()内数字为检出率/%。

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表 3 家长不同喂养认知及喂养行为对贫血的Logistic回归分析(n=1 726)

Table 3. Logistic regression analysis of different feeding cognition and behavior of parents for anemia among children(n=1 726)

喂养认知及喂养行为	选项	β值	标准误	Wald χ²值	P值	OR值(OR值95%CI)
首选辅食种类	强化铁米粉					1.00
	其他或不清楚	0.31	0.11	8.12	0.00	1.37(1.10~1.69)
营养性贫血有关的元素	铁					1.00
	其他或不清楚	0.33	0.12	7.29	0.01	1.39(1.09~1.76)
持续母乳喂养时间	满24月龄					1.00
	其他或不清楚	0.39	0.19	4.20	0.04	1.47(1.02~2.12)
强迫进食	否					1.00
	是	0.36	0.11	9.76	0.00	1.43(1.14~1.79)

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