Correlation between nutritional status and mental sub-health among Chinese adolescents
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摘要:
目的 探究中国青少年营养状况与心理亚健康之间的相关性,为中国青少年身心健康发展提供参考。 方法 在中国华东、华北、中南、西北、西南和东北地区,分别采用分层随机整体抽样法抽取16 545名13~22岁青少年,采用青少年亚健康多维评定问卷(Multidimensional Sub-health Questionnaire of Adolescents,MSQA)中的心理问卷进行心理亚健康测试。采用χ2检验及Logistic回归分析对营养状况与心理亚健康的关系进行分析。 结果 青少年体质量指数(BMI)正常组的心理亚健康状态总体检出率为18.5%,BMI消瘦组、超重组和肥胖组分别为22.3%,38.7%和44.7%,不同营养状况青少年的心理亚健康状态检出率差异有统计学意义(χ2=478.68,P < 0.05)。Logistic回归模型在调整了性别和年龄后,相对于BMI正常者,消瘦者(OR=1.19,95%CI=1.09~1.30)、超重者(OR=2.76,95%CI=2.47~3.09)和肥胖者(OR=3.43,95%CI=2.83~4.15)发生心理亚健康的风险增加。 结论 中国青少年营养状况与心理亚健康相关,消瘦、超重和肥胖者发生心理亚健康的风险均高于正常者,改善青少年营养状况将有利于青少年身心健康发展。 Abstract:Objective To explore the correlation between different nutritional status and mental sub-health of Chinese adolescents, and provide reference for improving the physical and mental health of Chinese adolescents. Methods A total of 16 545 adolescents (13-22 years old) were selected by random overall sampling method in six major administrative regions in China.The psychological part of the Multidimensional Sub-health Questionnaire of Adolescents (MSQA) was used for mental sub-health test.Chi-square test and Logistic regression analysis were used to analyze and compare the relationship between different nutritional status and mental sub-health. Results The overall detection rate of mental sub-health status in the adolescents with normal BMI group was 18.5%, while those in the lean, overweight and obese groups were 22.3%, 38.7%, and 44.7%, respectively, which were significantly different from those in the normal BMI group(χ2=478.68, P < 0.05).After adjusted for gender and age, the Logistic regression model showed that compared with those with normal BMI, those who were thin (OR=1.19, 95%CI=1.09-1.30), overweight (OR=2.76, 95%CI=2.47-3.09) and obese(OR=3.43, 95%CI=2.83-4.15) had increased risk of mental sub-health. Conclusion The nutritional status of Chinese adolescents in significantly related to mental sub-heatlh, hose who are underweight, overweight and obese have significantly higher risks of mental sub-health than those who are normal.Improvement of nutritional status of adolescents is beneficial to healthy adolescent development. -
Key words:
- Nutritional status /
- Mental health /
- Sub-health /
- Regression analysis /
- Adolescent
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表 1 不同营养状况男女青少年心理亚健康状态检出率比较
Table 1. Comparison of the detection rate of mental sub-health status among adolescents with different nutritional status
性别 营养状况 统计值 初中 高中 大学 合计 人数 检出人数 人数 检出人数 人数 检出人数 人数 检出人数 男 消瘦 1 522 335(22.0) 710 142(20.0) 211 32(15.2) 2 443 509(20.8) 正常 1 628 346(21.3) 2 192 378(17.2) 1 014 129(12.7) 4 834 853(17.6) 超重 271 101(37.3) 451 153(33.9) 177 69(39.0) 899 323(35.9) 肥胖 40 18(45.0) 97 39(40.2) 31 11(35.5) 168 68(40.5) χ2值 45.55 86.88 82.45 191.94 P值 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 女 消瘦 1 278 326(25.5) 865 203(23.5) 361 66(18.3) 2 504 595(23.8) 正常 1 601 341(21.3) 2 051 423(20.6) 935 123(13.2) 4 587 887(19.3) 超重 354 145(41.0) 344 147(42.7) 112 47(42.0) 810 339(41.9) 肥胖 134 68(50.7) 132 60(45.5) 34 13(38.2) 300 141(47.0) χ2值 102.00 110.13 69.61 283.87 P值 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 注: ()内数字为检出率/%。 表 2 不同营养状况男女青少年各维度心理亚健康检出率比较
Table 2. Comparison of the detection rates of various dimensions of mental sub-health among adolescents with different nutritional status
性别 营养状况 人数 统计值 情绪问题 品行问题 社会适应困难 男 消瘦 2 443 608(24.9) 622(25.5) 370(15.1) 正常 4 834 965(20.0) 994(20.6) 669(13.8) 超重 899 420(46.7) 437(48.6) 320(35.6) 肥胖 168 90(53.6) 96(57.1) 79(47.0) χ2值 365.08 400.39 363.53 女 消瘦 2 504 500(20.0) 481(19.2) 405(16.2) 正常 4 587 965(21.0) 889(19.4) 641(14.0) 超重 810 484(59.0) 475(58.6) 371(45.8) 肥胖 300 220(73.3) 210(70.0) 160(53.3) χ2值 923.95 933.50 689.52 总体 消瘦 4 947 1 108(22.4) 1 103(22.3) 775(15.7) 正常 9 421 1 930(20.5) 1 883(20.0) 1 310(13.9) 超重 1 709 904(52.9) 912(53.4) 691(40.4) 肥胖 468 310(66.2) 306(65.4) 239(51.1) χ2值 1 227.16 1 270.69 1 831.81 注: P值均 < 0.01;()内数字为检出率/%。 -
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