中国青少年体育锻炼视屏时间与心理亚健康的相关性

曾祝平; 吴慧攀; 毕存箭; 郑冬华; 陈琪; 尹小俭; 曹俊方

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.01.006

中国青少年体育锻炼视屏时间与心理亚健康的相关性

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.01.006

1.
上海应用技术大学经济与管理学院，上海 201418
2.
太原工业学院儿童青少年健康促进研究中心
3.
华东师范大学体育与健康学院
4.
上海应用技术大学体育教育部

基金项目:

上海市哲学社会科学2020年度规划课题项目 2020BTY001

上海市教育科学研究2021年度课题项目 C2021149

详细信息

作者简介:
曾祝平(1997-)，女，江西赣州人，在读硕士，主要研究方向为儿童青少年体质健康与影响因素

通讯作者:
郑冬华，E-mail：345285330@qq.com

中图分类号: G 806 B 844.2 G 804.49
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-09-11
- 修回日期: 2020-11-06
- 网络出版日期: 2021-04-01
- 刊出日期: 2021-01-25

Correlation between physical exercise, screen time and mental sub-health among Chinese adolescents

1.
College of Economics and Management, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai(201418), China

摘要

摘要: 目的了解中国青少年视屏时间、锻炼时间与心理亚健康之间的关系，为中国青少年心理健康发展提供帮助。方法 2015—2017年，采用分层整群随机抽样法选取中国六大行政区的16 545名13~22岁青少年，采用青少年亚健康多维评定问卷(Multidimensional Sub-health Questionnaire of Adolescents, MSQA)中的心理问卷对该人群进行心理亚健康调查，同时调查体育锻炼时间、视屏时间等指标，通过二元Logistic回归分析了解视屏时间、锻炼时间与心理亚健康之间的关联。结果视屏时间≤2 h/d的青少年心理亚健康状态检出率(19.1%)较>2 h/d青少年(22.1%)低，锻炼时间>60 min/d青少年心理亚健康检出率(17.7%)较≤60 min/d青少年(20.0%)低，差异有统计学意义(χ²值分别为14.47，6.97，P值均 < 0.05)。二元Logistic回归分析显示，视屏时间>2 h/d与中国青少年心理亚健康状态的发生呈正相关(OR=1.20，P < 0.01)，锻炼时间>60 min/d与中国青少年心理亚健康状态的发生呈负相关(OR=0.86，P < 0.05)。结论中国青少年视屏时间长、锻炼时间短是导致心理亚健康状态的负面影响因素。建议从青少年的健康教育、家庭引导、社会环境等多方面联合共同促进青少年身心健康成长。
- 身体锻炼 /
- 注视，眼 /
- 时间 /
- 精神卫生 /
- 亚健康 /
- 青少年
Abstract: Objective To understand the relationships between video time, exercise time and the mental sub-health of Chinese adolescents, and to assist the development of Chinese adolescents' mental health. Methods In this study, 16 545 adolescents aged 13-22 years in six administrative regions of China were surveyed using an adolescent sub-health multi-dimensional assessment questionnaire (MSQA), and daily physical exercise time, video screen time and other indicators were recorded. Binary Logistic regression analysis was used to understand adolescents' mental sub-health and the correlation between video time and exercise time. Results Detection rate of mental sub-health status in adolescents with video time ≤2 h/d was lower than that of adolescents with video time >2 h/d(19.1%, 22.1%), and the detection rate of adolescents with exercise time ≤60 min/d(22.1%, 17.7%) was higher than that of adolescents with exercise time >60 min/d. These differences were statistically significant (χ²=14.47, 6.97, P < 0.05). Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of mental sub-health status for Chinese adolescents whose screen time was more than 2 h/d was 1.20 times that of those with screen time ≤2 h/d, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.01). The risk of mental sub-health for students whose exercise time was > 60 min/d was 0.86 times that of students who exercised ≤ 60 min/d, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion Screen time >2 h/d and exercise time < 60 min/d were negative factors leading to mental sub-health symptoms in Chinese adolescents.It is proposed to jointly promote the healthy adolescent development through health education, as well as positive family and social environment.
- Exercise movement techniques /
- Fixation, ocular /
- Time /
- Mental health /
- Sub-health /
- Adolescent

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表 1 不同视屏与锻炼时间男生心理亚健康检出率比较

Table 1. Comparison of mental sub-health detection rate of boys with different screen time and exercise time

视屏与锻炼时间	选项	人数	统计值	情绪问题	品行问题	社会适应困难	心理亚健康状态
视屏时间/(h·d^-1)	≤2	6 750		1 730(25.6)	1 703(25.2)	1 111(16.5)	1 363(20.2)
	> 2	1 594		428(26.9)	463(29.0)	324(20.3)	366(23.0)
			χ²值	1.00	9.77	13.54	6.02
			P值	0.32	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.05
锻炼时间/(min·d^-1)	≤60	6 553		1 737(26.5)	1 713(26.1)	1 161(17.7)	1 401(21.4)
	> 60	1 791		421(23.5)	453(25.3)	274(15.3)	328(18.3)
			χ²值	6.61	0.53	5.78	8.05
			P值	< 0.05	0.47	< 0.05	< 0.05
注： ()内数字为检出率/%。

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表 2 不同视屏与锻炼时间女生心理亚健康检出率比较

Table 2. Comparison of mental sub-health detection rate of girls with different screen time and exercise time

视屏与锻炼时间	选项	人数	统计值	情绪问题	品行问题	社会适应困难	心理亚健康状态
视屏时间/(h·d^-1)	≤2	6 756		1 666(24.7)	1 592(23.6)	959(14.2)	1 218(18.0)
	> 2	1 445		395(27.3)	384(26.6)	256(17.7)	307(21.2)
			χ²值	4.53	5.90	11.70	8.14
			P值	< 0.05	< 0.05	< 0.01	< 0.01
锻炼时间/(min·d^-1)	≤60	7 462		1 892(25.4)	1 815(24.3)	1 135(15.2)	1 404(18.8)
	> 60	739		169(22.9)	161(21.8)	80(10.8)	121(16.4)
			χ²值	2.21	2.37	10.25	2.65
			P值	0.14	0.12	< 0.05	0.10
注： ()内数字为检出率/%。

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表 3 不同视屏与锻炼时间青少年心理亚健康检出率比较

Table 3. Comparison of the detection rate of Chinese adolescents' mental sub-health in different screen time and exercise time

视屏与锻炼时间	选项	人数	统计值	情绪问题	品行问题	社会适应困难	心理亚健康状态
视屏时间/(h·d^-1)	≤2	13 506		3 396(25.1)	3 295(24.4)	2 070(15.3)	2 581(19.1)
	> 2	3 039		823(27.1)	847(27.9)	580(19.1)	673(22.1)
			χ²值	4.90	15.96	26.06	14.47
			P值	< 0.05	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01
锻炼时间/(min·d^-1)	≤60	14 015		3 629(25.9)	3 528(25.2)	2 296(16.4)	2 805(20.0)
	> 60	2 530		590(23.3)	614(24.3)	354(14.0)	449(17.7)
			χ²值	7.47	0.93	9.10	6.97
			P值	< 0.05	0.33	< 0.01	< 0.05
注： ()内数字为检出率/%。

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表 4 不同视屏与锻炼时间青少年心理亚健康二元Logistic回归分析(n=16 545)

Table 4. Binary Logistic regression analysis of Chinese adolescents' mental sub-health in different screen time and exercise time(n=16 545)

性别	自变量	情绪问题		品行问题		社会适应困难		心理亚健康状态
性别	自变量	OR值(OR值95%CI)	P值	OR值(OR值95%CI)	P值	OR值(OR值95%CI)	P值	OR值(OR值95%CI)	P值
男生	视屏时间 > 2 h/d	1.07(0.94~1.21)	0.32	1.21(1.08~1.37)	< 0.01	1.30(1.13~1.49)	< 0.01	1.18(1.03~1.34)	< 0.05
	锻炼时间 > 60 min/d	0.87(0.73~1.04)	0.14	0.96(0.85~1.08)	0.47	0.84(0.73~0.97)	< 0.05	0.82(0.72~0.94)	< 0.05
女生	视屏时间 > 2 h/d	1.15(1.01~1.31)	< 0.05	1.17(1.03~1.34)	< 0.05	1.30(1.12~1.51)	< 0.01	1.23(1.07~1.41)	< 0.01
	锻炼时间 > 60 min/d	0.87(0.73~1.04)	0.14	0.87(0.72~1.04)	0.12	0.68(0.53~0.86)	< 0.01	0.85(0.69~1.04)	0.10
总体	视屏时间 > 2 h/d	1.11(1.01~1.21)	< 0.05	1.20(1.10~1.31)	< 0.01	1.30(1.18~1.44)	< 0.01	1.20(1.09~1.33)	< 0.01
	锻炼时间 > 60 min/d	0.87(0.79~0.96)	< 0.05	0.95(0.86~1.05)	0.33	0.83(0.74~0.94)	< 0.01	0.86(0.77~0.96)	< 0.05
注：视屏时间以≤2 h/d为参照，锻炼时间以≤60 min/d为参照。

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