Correlation between physical exercise, screen time and mental sub-health among Chinese adolescents
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摘要:
目的 了解中国青少年视屏时间、锻炼时间与心理亚健康之间的关系,为中国青少年心理健康发展提供帮助。 方法 2015—2017年,采用分层整群随机抽样法选取中国六大行政区的16 545名13~22岁青少年,采用青少年亚健康多维评定问卷(Multidimensional Sub-health Questionnaire of Adolescents, MSQA)中的心理问卷对该人群进行心理亚健康调查,同时调查体育锻炼时间、视屏时间等指标,通过二元Logistic回归分析了解视屏时间、锻炼时间与心理亚健康之间的关联。 结果 视屏时间≤2 h/d的青少年心理亚健康状态检出率(19.1%)较>2 h/d青少年(22.1%)低,锻炼时间>60 min/d青少年心理亚健康检出率(17.7%)较≤60 min/d青少年(20.0%)低,差异有统计学意义(χ2值分别为14.47,6.97,P值均 < 0.05)。二元Logistic回归分析显示,视屏时间>2 h/d与中国青少年心理亚健康状态的发生呈正相关(OR=1.20,P < 0.01),锻炼时间>60 min/d与中国青少年心理亚健康状态的发生呈负相关(OR=0.86,P < 0.05)。 结论 中国青少年视屏时间长、锻炼时间短是导致心理亚健康状态的负面影响因素。建议从青少年的健康教育、家庭引导、社会环境等多方面联合共同促进青少年身心健康成长。 Abstract:Objective To understand the relationships between video time, exercise time and the mental sub-health of Chinese adolescents, and to assist the development of Chinese adolescents' mental health. Methods In this study, 16 545 adolescents aged 13-22 years in six administrative regions of China were surveyed using an adolescent sub-health multi-dimensional assessment questionnaire (MSQA), and daily physical exercise time, video screen time and other indicators were recorded. Binary Logistic regression analysis was used to understand adolescents' mental sub-health and the correlation between video time and exercise time. Results Detection rate of mental sub-health status in adolescents with video time ≤2 h/d was lower than that of adolescents with video time >2 h/d(19.1%, 22.1%), and the detection rate of adolescents with exercise time ≤60 min/d(22.1%, 17.7%) was higher than that of adolescents with exercise time >60 min/d. These differences were statistically significant (χ2=14.47, 6.97, P < 0.05). Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of mental sub-health status for Chinese adolescents whose screen time was more than 2 h/d was 1.20 times that of those with screen time ≤2 h/d, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.01). The risk of mental sub-health for students whose exercise time was > 60 min/d was 0.86 times that of students who exercised ≤ 60 min/d, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion Screen time >2 h/d and exercise time < 60 min/d were negative factors leading to mental sub-health symptoms in Chinese adolescents.It is proposed to jointly promote the healthy adolescent development through health education, as well as positive family and social environment. -
Key words:
- Exercise movement techniques /
- Fixation, ocular /
- Time /
- Mental health /
- Sub-health /
- Adolescent
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表 1 不同视屏与锻炼时间男生心理亚健康检出率比较
Table 1. Comparison of mental sub-health detection rate of boys with different screen time and exercise time
视屏与锻炼时间 选项 人数 统计值 情绪问题 品行问题 社会适应困难 心理亚健康状态 视屏时间/(h·d-1) ≤2 6 750 1 730(25.6) 1 703(25.2) 1 111(16.5) 1 363(20.2) > 2 1 594 428(26.9) 463(29.0) 324(20.3) 366(23.0) χ2值 1.00 9.77 13.54 6.02 P值 0.32 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.05 锻炼时间/(min·d-1) ≤60 6 553 1 737(26.5) 1 713(26.1) 1 161(17.7) 1 401(21.4) > 60 1 791 421(23.5) 453(25.3) 274(15.3) 328(18.3) χ2值 6.61 0.53 5.78 8.05 P值 < 0.05 0.47 < 0.05 < 0.05 注: ()内数字为检出率/%。 表 2 不同视屏与锻炼时间女生心理亚健康检出率比较
Table 2. Comparison of mental sub-health detection rate of girls with different screen time and exercise time
视屏与锻炼时间 选项 人数 统计值 情绪问题 品行问题 社会适应困难 心理亚健康状态 视屏时间/(h·d-1) ≤2 6 756 1 666(24.7) 1 592(23.6) 959(14.2) 1 218(18.0) > 2 1 445 395(27.3) 384(26.6) 256(17.7) 307(21.2) χ2值 4.53 5.90 11.70 8.14 P值 < 0.05 < 0.05 < 0.01 < 0.01 锻炼时间/(min·d-1) ≤60 7 462 1 892(25.4) 1 815(24.3) 1 135(15.2) 1 404(18.8) > 60 739 169(22.9) 161(21.8) 80(10.8) 121(16.4) χ2值 2.21 2.37 10.25 2.65 P值 0.14 0.12 < 0.05 0.10 注: ()内数字为检出率/%。 表 3 不同视屏与锻炼时间青少年心理亚健康检出率比较
Table 3. Comparison of the detection rate of Chinese adolescents' mental sub-health in different screen time and exercise time
视屏与锻炼时间 选项 人数 统计值 情绪问题 品行问题 社会适应困难 心理亚健康状态 视屏时间/(h·d-1) ≤2 13 506 3 396(25.1) 3 295(24.4) 2 070(15.3) 2 581(19.1) > 2 3 039 823(27.1) 847(27.9) 580(19.1) 673(22.1) χ2值 4.90 15.96 26.06 14.47 P值 < 0.05 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 锻炼时间/(min·d-1) ≤60 14 015 3 629(25.9) 3 528(25.2) 2 296(16.4) 2 805(20.0) > 60 2 530 590(23.3) 614(24.3) 354(14.0) 449(17.7) χ2值 7.47 0.93 9.10 6.97 P值 < 0.05 0.33 < 0.01 < 0.05 注: ()内数字为检出率/%。 表 4 不同视屏与锻炼时间青少年心理亚健康二元Logistic回归分析(n=16 545)
Table 4. Binary Logistic regression analysis of Chinese adolescents' mental sub-health in different screen time and exercise time(n=16 545)
性别 自变量 情绪问题 品行问题 社会适应困难 心理亚健康状态 OR值(OR值95%CI) P值 OR值(OR值95%CI) P值 OR值(OR值95%CI) P值 OR值(OR值95%CI) P值 男生 视屏时间 > 2 h/d 1.07(0.94~1.21) 0.32 1.21(1.08~1.37) < 0.01 1.30(1.13~1.49) < 0.01 1.18(1.03~1.34) < 0.05 锻炼时间 > 60 min/d 0.87(0.73~1.04) 0.14 0.96(0.85~1.08) 0.47 0.84(0.73~0.97) < 0.05 0.82(0.72~0.94) < 0.05 女生 视屏时间 > 2 h/d 1.15(1.01~1.31) < 0.05 1.17(1.03~1.34) < 0.05 1.30(1.12~1.51) < 0.01 1.23(1.07~1.41) < 0.01 锻炼时间 > 60 min/d 0.87(0.73~1.04) 0.14 0.87(0.72~1.04) 0.12 0.68(0.53~0.86) < 0.01 0.85(0.69~1.04) 0.10 总体 视屏时间 > 2 h/d 1.11(1.01~1.21) < 0.05 1.20(1.10~1.31) < 0.01 1.30(1.18~1.44) < 0.01 1.20(1.09~1.33) < 0.01 锻炼时间 > 60 min/d 0.87(0.79~0.96) < 0.05 0.95(0.86~1.05) 0.33 0.83(0.74~0.94) < 0.01 0.86(0.77~0.96) < 0.05 注:视屏时间以≤2 h/d为参照,锻炼时间以≤60 min/d为参照。 -
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