学龄期儿童青少年抑郁症状与中医体质的关联

温楠楠; 钟霞; 李晶; 宋逸; 李宁; 白明华; 郭珈宜; 张大超; 马龙; 刘玉东; 江居然

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025284

学龄期儿童青少年抑郁症状与中医体质的关联

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025284

温楠楠¹,
钟霞^2, ,,
李晶²,
宋逸²,
李宁³,
白明华⁴,
郭珈宜⁵,
张大超⁶,
马龙⁷,
刘玉东⁸,
江居然⁹

1.
菏泽学院体育与健康学院，山东 274015
2.
北京大学儿童青少年卫生研究所
3.
北京大学体育教研部
4.
北京中医药大学国家中医体质与治未病研究院
5.
河南省洛阳正骨医院
6.
河南大学体育学院
7.
保定市泽秀学校
8.
菏泽市第一实验小学
9.
聊城市东昌府区教育科学研究中心

基金项目:

国家资助博士后研究人员计划资助项目 GZB20240036

北京大学医学部扬帆计划-青年培育基金项目 BMU2025YFJHPY006

菏泽学院科学研究基金项目 XY21BS10

详细信息

作者简介:
温楠楠(1992-)，女，山东聊城人，博士，讲师，主要研究方向为儿少体育活动与体质健康促进

通讯作者:
钟霞，E-mail: 2416393165@bjmu.edu.cn

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R179 G444 Q983 R241
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- PDF下载量: 2
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-05-07
- 修回日期: 2025-07-24
- 网络出版日期: 2025-10-10
- 刊出日期: 2025-09-25

Correlation between depressive symptom and traditional Chinese medicine constitution among school-aged children and adolescents

1.
School of Physical Education and Health, Heze University, Heze 274015, Shandong Province, China

摘要

摘要: 目的探讨学龄期儿童青少年抑郁症状与中医体质的关联，为针对儿童青少年开展体质调平与抑郁症状预防提供科学依据。方法 2024年6—12月，通过整群随机抽样方法抽取河北保定、山东菏泽和聊城10所小学4 729名6~14岁学生为研究对象，调查其一般资料、中医体质及抑郁症状情况。运用限制性立方样条(RCS)模型分析儿童青少年抑郁症状相关因素及阈值效应，运用二元Logistic回归分析儿童青少年抑郁症状与中医体质关联，并进行亚组分析。结果纳入的儿童青少年中，抑郁症状检出率为25.82%。RCS分析结果显示，儿童青少年抑郁症状与年龄(拐点为10岁)、上床睡眠时间(拐点为22：00)和早晨起床时间(拐点为6：30)均呈非线性关联(P_非线性值均 < 0.01)，与体质量指数(BMI)和睡眠时长均呈线性关联(P_非线性值均>0.05)。调整年龄、BMI、睡眠状况等协变量后，二元Logistic回归分析显示，儿童青少年抑郁症状与阴虚质(OR=1.26，95%CI=1.09~1.45)、痰湿质(OR=1.42，95%CI=1.11~1.82)均相关(P值均 < 0.05)。结论学龄期儿童青少年抑郁症状与中医体质中阴虚质和痰湿质相关。应积极关注儿童青少年易感中医体质，采取针对性健康指导和干预，促进中医体质健康状态提升以预防抑郁症状发生。
- 抑郁 /
- 体质 /
- 回归分析 /
- 儿童，青少年
Abstract: Objective To explore the correlation between traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) constitution and depressive symptom among school-aged children and adolescents, so as to provide evidences for informing constitution-based regulation and prevention of depressive symptom. Methods From June to December 2024, a total of 4 729 students aged 6-14 were recruited by cluster random sampling from 10 primary schools in Baoding (Hebei Province), Heze and Liaocheng (Shandong Province). General information, TCM constitution and depressive symptom were collected. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) models were used to analyze related factors and threshold effects of depressive symptom. Binary Logistic regression was applied to examine the association between depressive symptom and TCM constitution, with subgroup analyses conducted. Results The detection rate of depressive symptom among the included children and adolescents was 25.82%. RCS analyses indicated non-linear associations between depressive symptom and age (inflection point at 10 years old), bedtime (inflection point at 22:00), and wake-up time (inflection point at 6:30) (all P_{non-linearity} < 0.01). Linear associations were observed with body mass index (BMI) and sleep duration (all P_{non-linearity}>0.05). After adjusting for covariates such as age, BMI and sleep status, binary Logistic regression analyses showed that Yin-deficient constitution (OR=1.26, 95%CI=1.09-1.45) and Phlegm-dampness constitution (OR=1.42, 95%CI=1.11-1.82) were significantly associated with depressive symptom among children and adolescents (all P < 0.05). Conclusions Depressive symptom among school-aged children and adolescents is primarily associated with Yin-deficiency and Phlegm-dampness constitutions in TCM constitution. Active attention should be paid to susceptible TCM constitution among children and adolescents. Targeted health guidance and interventions should be implemented to improve TCM constitution health status for preventing the occurrence of depressive symptom.
- Depression /
- Body constitution /
- Regression analysis /
- Child, Adolescent
注释:

1) 利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。

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图 1 RCS模型下儿童青少年抑郁症状相关因素及阈值效应分析

Figure 1. Analysis of related factors and threshold effects of depressive symptom based on the RCS model among children and adolescents

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图 2 儿童青少年抑郁症状与阴虚质、痰湿质关联的亚组分析

Figure 2. Subgroup analysis on the associations of depressive symptom with Yin-deficiency and Phlegm-dampness constitutions among children and adolescents

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 两组儿童青少年不同中医体质分布比较

Table 1. Comparison of distribution for different traditional Chinese medicine constitution between two groups among children and adolescents

有无抑郁症状	人数	气虚质		阳虚质			痰湿质			湿热质		血瘀质
有无抑郁症状	人数	否	是/倾向是	否	是/倾向是		否	是/倾向是		否	是/倾向是	否	是/倾向是
无	3 508	2 913(83.04)	595(16.96)	3 275(93.36)	233(6.64)		3 289(93.76)	219(6.24)		3 186(90.82)	322(9.18)	3 185(90.79)	323(9.21)
有	1 221	1 022(83.70)	199(16.30)	1 133(92.79)	88(7.21)		1 113(91.15)	108(8.85)		1 119(91.65)	102(8.35)	1 082(88.62)	139(11.38)
合计	4 729	3 935(83.21)	794(16.79)	4 408(93.21)	321(6.79)		4 402(93.09)	327(6.91)		4 305(91.03)	424(8.97)	4 267(90.23)	462(9.77)
χ²值		0.29		0.46			9.53			0.76		4.87
P值		0.59		0.50			< 0.01			0.39		0.03

有无抑郁症状	人数	气郁质			阴虚质				特禀质			平和质
有无抑郁症状	人数	否	是/倾向是		否	是/倾向是			否	是/倾向是		否	是/基本是
无	3 508	2 201(62.74)	1 307(37.26)		2 484(70.81)	1 024(29.19)			3 020(86.09)	488(13.91)		1 919(54.70)	1 589(45.30)
有	1 221	767(62.82)	454(37.18)		791(64.78)	430(35.22)			1 048(85.83)	173(14.17)		700(57.33)	521(42.67)
合计	4 729	2 968(62.76)	1 761(37.24)		3 275(69.25)	1 454(30.75)			4 068(86.02)	661(13.98)		2 619(55.38)	2 110(44.62)
χ²值		0.00			15.45				0.05			2.53
P值		0.96			< 0.01				0.82			0.11
注：()内数字为构成比/%。

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 儿童青少年抑郁症状与中医体质的单因素和多因素Logistic分析(n=4 729)

Table 2. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis of depressive symptom and traditional Chinese medicine constitution among children and adolescents(n=4 729)

中医体质	选项	单因素		多因素
中医体质	选项	OR值(95%CI)	P值	OR值(95%CI)	P值
气虚质	是/倾向是	0.95(0.80~1.14)	0.59	0.97(0.81~1.16)	0.74
阳虚质	是/倾向是	1.09(0.85~1.41)	0.50	1.08(0.83~1.40)	0.56
阴虚质	是/倾向是	1.32(1.15~1.51)	< 0.01	1.26(1.09~1.45)	< 0.01
痰湿质	是/倾向是	1.46(1.15~1.85)	< 0.01	1.42(1.11~1.82)	0.01
湿热质	是/倾向是	0.90(0.72~1.14)	0.39	0.85(0.67~1.07)	0.17
血瘀质	是/倾向是	1.27(1.03~1.56)	0.03	1.16(0.93~1.43)	0.18
气郁质	是/倾向是	1.00(0.87~1.14)	0.96	0.93(0.81~1.07)	0.32
特禀质	是/倾向是	1.02(0.85~1.23)	0.82	0.96(0.79~1.16)	0.68
平和质	是/倾向是	0.90(0.79~1.03)	0.11	0.95(0.83~1.09)	0.45
注：自变量中医体质均以否为参照。

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