高强度间歇训练运动处方对肥胖女大学生身心健康的影响

陈阳; 骆勇; 汪晓丽; 孙朋

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025262

高强度间歇训练运动处方对肥胖女大学生身心健康的影响

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025262

陈阳¹,
骆勇¹,
汪晓丽¹,
孙朋^2, ,

1.
连云港职业技术学院基础课部，江苏 222000
2.
华东师范大学体育与健康学院

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 32171130

国家社会科学基金“十三五”规划教育学一般课题项目 BLA170225

详细信息

作者简介:
陈阳(1995-)，男，江苏连云港人，硕士，讲师，主要研究方向为体育与健康

通讯作者:
孙朋，E-mail：psun@tyxx.ecnu.edu.cn

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R723.14 G806 B844.2
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-03-12
- 修回日期: 2025-06-06
- 网络出版日期: 2025-10-10
- 刊出日期: 2025-09-25

Impact of high-intensity interval training exercise prescription on the physical and mental health of female college students with obesity

1.
Basic Course Department of Lianyungang Vocational and Technical College, Lianyungang 222000, Jiangsu Province, China

摘要

摘要: 目的比较基于机器视觉的高强度间歇训练(HIIT)运动处方和常规HIIT对单纯性肥胖女大学生身心健康的影响效果，为该人群减脂干预方案的制定提供参考。方法 2023年8月至2024年2月，从连云港职业技术学院和华东师范大学选取115名单纯性肥胖女大学生按随机数字表分为对照组(57名)和观察组(58名)。对照组予以常规HIIT，观察组予以基于机器视觉的HIIT运动处方(包括图像采集模块、图像处理模块、数据库管理模块、后台计算机处理与反馈、智能测评模块，受试者自由选择的训练项目给予运动处方，并监督其规范完成训练计划)，均干预12周，每2 d 1次，每次30 min，每周日休息。采用t检验比较两组干预前后体型体态、糖脂代谢、心肺功能指标及焦虑和抑郁状态。结果干预前，两组女大学生身体和心理健康状态指标差异均无统计学意义(t=0.13~0.86，P值均>0.05)；干预后，两组女大学生体质量指数、腰臀比、体脂率、空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖、糖化血红蛋白、甘油三酯、胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、焦虑和抑郁评分均降低(t_观察组=-6.94~-12.92，t_对照组=-2.71~-10.95)；且观察组上述指标[(23.46±2.18)kg/m²，0.70±0.06，(28.03±3.16)%，(4.55±0.67)mmol/L，(6.03±0.74)mmol/L，(5.10±0.70)%，(1.63±0.31)mmol/L，(4.24±0.58)mmol/L，(2.45±0.43)mmol/L，(35.28±4.76)分，(33.03±4.03)分]较对照组低[(26.54±2.32)kg/m²，0.77±0.06，(30.74±4.38)%，(5.03±0.76)mmol/L，(6.62±0.82)mmol/L，(5.82±0.73)%，(1.98±0.35)mmol/L，(4.95±0.61)mmol/L，(2.88±0.47)mmol/L，(39.18±5.04)分，(37.25±4.16)分](t值分别为-7.34，-6.26，-3.81，-3.59，-4.05，-5.40，-5.68，-6.40，-5.12，-4.27，-5.53)(P值均 < 0.05)。干预后，两组女大学生高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、心搏输出量、左室射血分数、最大摄氧量、潮气量和肺活量均升高(t_观察组=7.43~18.23，t_对照组=3.89~10.13)；且观察组[(1.49±0.22)mmol/L，(72.35±4.69)mL，(68.95±5.10)%，(36.97±3.22)mL/(kg·min)，(25.29±4.11)mL/(kg·min)，(3 374.26±169.54)mL]均较对照组高[(1.23±0.20)mmol/L，(67.32±4.06)mL，(64.83±5.05)%，(33.24±3.14)mL/(kg·min)，(23.01±3.58)mL/(kg·min)，(3 197.50±125.81)mL](t值分别为6.63，6.15，4.35，6.29，3.17，6.34)(P值均 < 0.05)。结论基于机器视觉的HIIT运动处方较常规HIIT能改善单纯性肥胖女大学生的体型体态、糖脂代谢、心肺功能和心理健康方面具有更好的效果。
- 体育和训练 /
- 肥胖症 /
- 精神卫生 /
- 干预性研究 /
- 学生 /
- 女(雌)性
Abstract: Objective To compare the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) exercise prescription based on machine vision and routine on HIIT the physical and mental health of female college students with simple obesity, so as to provide a basis for the development of weight loss intervention plans for this population. Methods From August 2023 to February 2024, 115 female college students with simple obesity, selected from Lianyungang Vocational and Technical College and East China Normal University, were randomly divided into a control group (n=57) and an observation group (n=58) according to a random number table. The control group received routine HIIT, while the observation group received machine vision based on HIIT exercise prescription (including image acquisition module, image processing module, database management module, backend computer processing and feedback, intelligent evaluation module, which could be customized according to the subjects' preferences, providing exercise prescription based on the selected training program and supervised its standardized completion of the training plan). Both were intervened for 12 weeks, 30 minutes each time, once every 2 days, and rest every Sunday. The t-test was used to compare body shape, glucose and lipid metabolism, cardiopulmonary function indicators, anxiety and depression states between two groups before and after intervention. Results Before intervention, there were no statistically significant differences in physical and mental health status indicators between two groups of female college students (t=0.13-0.86, all P>0.05). After intervention, body mass indexes, waist hip ratios, body fat percentage, fasting plasma glucose, 2-hour postprandial plasma glucose, hemoglobin A1c, triglycerides, total cholesterol, lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), anxiety and depression scores were all reduced in both groups (t_observation=-6.94 to -12.92, t_control=-2.71 to -10.95), of which the observation group [(23.46±2.18)kg/m², 0.70±0.06, (28.03±3.16)%, (4.55±0.67)mmol/L, (6.03±0.74)mmol/L, (5.10±0.70)%, (1.63±0.31)mmol/L, (4.24±0.58)mmol/L, (2.45±0.43)mmol/L, 35.28±4.76, and 33.03±4.03] were lower compared with the control group [(26.54±2.32)kg/m², 0.77±0.06, (30.74±4.38)%, (5.03±0.76)mmol/L, (6.62±0.82)mmol/L, (5.82±0.73)%, (1.98±0.35)mmol/L, (4.95±0.61)mmol/L, (2.88±0.47)mmol/L, 39.18±5.04, and 37.25±4.16] (t=-7.34, -6.26, -3.81, -3.59, -4.05, -5.40, -5.68, -6.40, -5.12, -4.27, -5.53)(all P < 0.05). After intervention, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, stroke volume, left ventricular ejection fraction, maximum oxygen consumption, volume of tidal, and vital capacity increased in both groups (t_observation=7.43-18.23, t_control=3.89-10.13), of which the observation group [(1.49±0.22)mmol/L, (72.35±4.69)mL, (68.95±5.10)%, (36.97±3.22)mL/(kg · min), (25.29±4.11)mL/(kg · min), and (3 374.26±169.54)mL] were higher compared with the control group [(1.23±0.20)mmol/L, (67.32±4.06)mL, (64.83±5.05)%, (33.24±3.14)mL/(kg · min), (23.01±3.58)mL/(kg · min), and (3 197.50±125.81)mL] (t=6.63, 6.15, 4.35, 6.29, 3.17, 6.34)(all P < 0.05). Conclusion HIIT exercise prescription based on machine vision has better effects than routine HIIT on impoving the body shape, glucose and lipid metabolism, cardiopulmonary function of female college students with simple obesity, and also their mental health.
- Physical education and training /
- Obesity /
- Mental health /
- Intervention studies /
- Students /
- Female
注释:

1) 利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。

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表 1 两组女大学生干预前后身体形态指标比较(x±s)

Table 1. Comparison of body shape indicators between the two groups before and after intervention among female college students(x±s)

组别	人数	BMI/(kg·m^-2)		腰臀比		体脂率/%
组别	人数	干预前	干预后	干预前	干预后	干预前	干预后
观察组	58	31.26±2.10	23.46±2.18^*	0.85±0.09	0.70±0.06^*	39.12±5.83	28.03±3.16^*
对照组	57	31.03±2.05	26.54±2.32^*	0.84±0.08	0.77±0.06^*	38.97±5.59	30.74±4.38^*
t值		0.59	-7.34	0.63	-6.26	0.14	-3.81
P值		0.55	< 0.01	0.53	< 0.01	0.89	< 0.01
注：与干预前比较，^*P < 0.05。

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表 2 两组女大学生干预前后糖脂代谢指标比较(x±s)

Table 2. Comparison of glucose metabolism indicators between the two groups before and after intervention among female college students(x±s)

组别	人数	FPG/(mmol·L^-1)		2 hPG/(mmol·L^-1)		HbA1c/%		TG/(mmol·L^-1)		TC/(mmol·L^-1)		HDL-C/(mmol·L^-1)		LDL-C/(mmol·L^-1)
组别	人数	干预前	干预后	干预前	干预后	干预前	干预后	干预前	干预后	干预前	干预后	干预前	干预后	干预前	干预后
观察组	58	5.89±0.78	4.55±0.67^*	7.12±0.94	6.03±0.74^*	7.02±1.04	5.10±0.70^*	2.63±0.51	1.63±0.31^*	5.78±0.71	4.24±0.58^*	0.89±0.12	1.49±0.22^*	3.54±0.52	2.45±0.43^*
对照组	57	5.82±0.82	5.03±0.76^*	7.06±0.91	6.62±0.82^*	7.08±1.02	5.82±0.73^*	2.60±0.49	1.98±0.35^*	5.75±0.69	4.95±0.61^*	0.91±0.13	1.23±0.20^*	3.51±0.50	2.88±0.47^*
t值		0.47	-3.59	0.35	-4.05	-0.31	-5.40	0.32	-5.68	0.23	-6.40	-0.86	6.63	0.32	-5.12
P值		0.64	< 0.01	0.73	< 0.01	0.76	< 0.01	0.75	< 0.01	0.82	< 0.01	0.39	< 0.01	0.75	< 0.01
注：与干预前比较，^*P < 0.05。

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表 3 两组女大学生干预前后心肺功能指标比较(x±s)

Table 3. Comparison of cardiopulmonary function indicators between the two groups before and after intervention among female college students(x±s)

组别	人数	SV/mL		LVEF/%		VO_2max/[mL·(kg·min)^-1]		VT/[mL·(kg·min)^-1]		VC/mL
组别	人数	干预前	干预后	干预前	干预后	干预前	干预后	干预前	干预后	干预前	干预后
观察组	58	63.14±4.50	72.35±4.69^*	61.35±4.06	68.95±5.10^*	30.35±3.01	36.97±3.22^*	20.45±2.78	25.29±4.11^*	3 015.25±106.74	3 374.26±169.54^*
对照组	57	63.03±4.28	67.32±4.06^*	61.47±4.12	64.83±5.05^*	30.18±3.06	33.24±3.14^*	20.52±2.69	23.01±3.58^*	3 011.82±110.53	3 197.50±125.81^*
t值		0.13	6.15	-0.16	4.35	0.30	6.29	-0.14	3.17	0.17	6.34
P值		0.89	< 0.01	0.88	< 0.01	0.76	< 0.01	0.89	< 0.01	0.87	< 0.01
注：与干预前比较，^*P < 0.05。

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表 4 两组女大学生干预前后焦虑抑郁得分比较(x±s)

Table 4. Comparison of anxiety and depression scores between the two groups before and after intervention among female college students(x±s)

组别	人数	焦虑		抑郁
组别	人数	干预前	干预后	干预前	干预后
观察组	58	47.21±5.18	35.28±4.76^*	43.45±5.02	33.03±4.03^*
对照组	57	47.07±5.25	39.18±5.04^*	43.68±5.22	37.25±4.16^*
t值		0.14	-4.27	-0.24	-5.53
P值		0.89	< 0.01	0.81	< 0.01
注：与干预前比较，^*P < 0.05。

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