大学生体力活动和视屏时间与焦虑抑郁症状的相关性

王梓宇; 周龙

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025241

大学生体力活动和视屏时间与焦虑抑郁症状的相关性

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025241

王梓宇¹,
周龙^2, ,

1.
绍兴文理学院教师教育学院，浙江 312000
2.
广西职业师范学院体育教学部

基金项目:

广西教育科学“十四五”规划2024年度体育与健康教育专项课题重点课题 2024ZJY882

2025广西高校中青年教师基础能力提升项目 2025KY0967

详细信息

作者简介:
王梓宇(1990-)，男，安徽蚌埠人，博士，讲师，主要研究方向为学生体质健康与体育史

通讯作者:
周龙，E-mail: 2941894127@qq.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R179 G806 B844.2
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-01-24
- 修回日期: 2025-05-15
- 网络出版日期: 2025-10-10
- 刊出日期: 2025-09-25

Correlation of physical activity and screen time with anxiety and depressive symptoms among college students

WANG Ziyu¹,
ZHOU Long^{2
, ,}

1.
School of Teacher Education, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, Zhejiang Province, China

摘要

摘要: 目的分析大学生体力活动、视屏时间与焦虑和抑郁症状的相关性，为制定针对大学生焦虑和抑郁症状的干预措施提供参考。方法 2024年5月，采用方便抽样与分层抽样相结合的方法选取浙江省绍兴市5所高校3 076名大学生，采用自编一般情况问卷、视屏时间问卷、焦虑自评量表和抑郁自评量表调查大学生体力活动、视屏时间及焦虑和抑郁症状等现状。组间比较采用χ²检验、Fisher确切概率法、t检验或方差分析，并建立多因素Logistic回归模型，探究大学生体力活动、视屏时间与焦虑和抑郁症状的相关性。结果大学生轻度、中度及重度焦虑症状的构成比分别为59.97%，28.99%及11.04%；轻度、中度及重度抑郁症状的构成比分别为64.96%，29.92%及5.12%。不同年级、每天视屏时间不同的大学生焦虑症状(χ²=15.99)和抑郁症状(χ²=16.54)检出率差异均有统计学意义(P值均 < 0.05)。不同性别和学科类型的大学生在体力活动方面差异均有统计学意义(t/F值分别为11.67，11.90，P值均＜0.01)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示，当体力活动每周运动至少1 h天数＜3 d时，视屏时间＜2 h/d的大学生焦虑症状发生风险降低(OR=0.57)，视屏时间 < 2，2~ < 3，3~ < 4 h/d的大学生抑郁症状发生风险降低(OR值分别为0.65，0.56，0.64)；当体力活动每周运动至少1 h天数≥3 d时，视屏时间 < 2，2~ < 3 h/d的大学生焦虑症状(OR值分别为0.49，0.58)和抑郁症状(OR值分别为0.36，0.43)的发生风险均降低(P值均＜0.05)。结论大学生体力活动、视屏时间与焦虑和抑郁症状存在相关性，过低的体力活动、较长的视屏时间容易增加大学生焦虑和抑郁症状的发生风险。
- 运动活动 /
- 注视，眼 /
- 焦虑 /
- 抑郁 /
- 回归分析 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective To analyze the correlation of physical activity and screen time with anxiety and depressive symptoms among college students, so as to provide a reference for formulating intervention measures for anxiety and depressive symptoms among college students. Methods In May 2024, the method of combining convenient sampling with stratified sampling was adopted to select 3 076 college students from 5 colleges in Shaoxing of Zhejiang Province. Self-compiled general situation questionnaires, Screen Time Questionnaire, Self-rating Anxiety Scale and Self-rating Depression Scale were used to investigate the current status of college students' physical activities, screen time, anxiety and depressive symptoms, etc. Inter-group comparisons were conducted by using the χ² test, Fisher's exact probability test, t-test or analysis of variance. A multivariate Logistic regression model was established to explore the correlations between physical activity, screen time with anxiety and depressive symptoms among college students. Results The constituent ratios of mild, moderate and severe anxiety symptoms were 59.97%, 28.99% and 11.04%, respectively. The constituent ratios of mild, moderate and severe depressive symptoms were 64.96%, 29.92% and 5.12%, respectively. There were statistically significant differences in the detection rates of anxiety symptom (χ²=15.99) and depressive symptom (χ²=16.54) among college students of different grades and screen time daily (both P < 0.05). There were statistically significant differences in physical activity among college students of different genders and subject types (t/F=11.67, 11.90, both P < 0.01). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that when physical activity was at least 1 hour per week < 3 d, a screen time < 2 h/d could reduce the risk of anxiety symptoms among college students (OR=0.57), and screen time < 2, 2- < 3, 3- < 4 h/d could reduce the risk of depressive symptoms among college students (OR=0.65, 0.56, 0.64); when the number of days of physical activity exercise was at least 1 h per week ≥3 d, the occurrence risks of anxiety symptom(OR=0.49, 0.58) and depressive symptom (OR=0.36, 0.43) were reduced for students with screen time < 2 and 2- < 3 h/d (all P < 0.05). Conclusions There are correlations of physical activity and screen time with anxiety and depressive symptoms among college students. Low physical activity and longer screen time are more likely to increase the risk of anxiety and depressive symptom among college students.
- Motor activity /
- Fixation, ocular /
- Anxiety /
- Depression /
- Regression analysis /
- Students
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表 1 不同组别大学生焦虑和抑郁症状检出率比较

Table 1. Comparison of detection rates of anxiety and depressive symptoms among different groups of college students

组别	选项	人数	焦虑症状		抑郁症状
组别	选项	人数	检出人数	χ²值	检出人数	χ²值
性别	男	1 330	572(43.01)	2.93	302(22.71)	1.97
	女	1 746	787(45.07)		343(19.64)
年级	大一	789	351(44.49)	15.99^**	177(22.43)	16.54^**
	大二	780	312(40.00)		138(17.69)
	大三	801	334(41.70)		168(20.97)
	大四	706	362(51.27)		162(22.95)
学科类型	理工类	1 491	620(41.58)	2.85	343(23.00)	3.13
	文科类	1 072	490(45.71)		210(19.59)
	艺术类	513	249(48.54)		92(17.93)
是否独生子女	是	1 018	470(46.17)	2.97	232(22.79)	3.37
	否	2 058	889(43.20)		413(20.07)
生源地	城镇	1 110	455(40.99)	2.93	255(22.97)	1.99
	农村	1 966	904(45.98)		390(19.84)
每周运动1 h天数/d	＜3	1 678	780(46.48)	3.41	368(21.93)	2.66
	≥3	1 398	579(41.42)		277(19.81)
每天ST/h^a	＜2	528	8(1.52)	—	56(10.61)	—
	2~＜3	418	114(27.27)		78(18.66)
	3~＜4	572	217(37.94)		123(21.50)
	≥4	1 558	1 020(65.47)		388(24.90)
注：()内数字为检出率/%；^**P＜0.01；^a采用Fisher确切概率法，P值均 < 0.01。

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表 2 不同组别大学生PA与ST比较

Table 2. Comparison of PA and ST among college students with different groups

组别	选项	人数	每周运动1 h天数/d		每天ST/h
组别	选项	人数	x±s	t/F值	x±s	t/F值
性别	男	1 330	1.65±0.48	11.67^**	6.10±1.28	-1.77
	女	1 746	1.32±0.47		6.32±1.15
年级	大一	789	1.49±0.50	1.14	6.24±1.16	0.22
	大二	780	1.38±0.49		6.19±1.31
	大三	801	1.50±0.71		6.50±1.71
	大四	706	1.00±0.69		7.00±1.45
学科类型	理工类	1 491	1.47±0.50	11.90^**	6.21±1.17	1.08
	文科类	1 072	1.35±0.48		6.33±1.12
	艺术类	513	1.64±0.48		6.08±1.47
是否独生子女	是	1 018	1.50±0.50	1.17	6.20±1.13	-1.35
	否	2 058	1.43±0.50		6.25±1.24
生源地	城镇	1 110	1.48±0.50	0.74	6.18±1.21	-1.36
	农村	1 957	1.44±0.50		6.26±1.21
注：^**P＜0.01。

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表 3 大学生PA、ST与焦虑和抑郁症状的Logistic回归分析[OR值(95%CI)，n=3 076]

Table 3. Correlation of PA and ST with anxiety and depres-sive symptoms among college students[OR(95%CI), n=3 076]

自变量	选项	焦虑症状	抑郁症状
每周运动1 h天数/d	＜3	1.00	1.00
	≥3	0.93(0.72~1.20)	0.73(0.57~0.90)^*
每天ST/h	< 2	0.51(0.30~0.70)^**	0.55(0.37~0.77)^**
	2~＜3	0.64(0.45~0.89)^*	0.57(0.42~0.76)^**
	3~＜4	0.57(0.40~0.87)^**	0.70(0.50~0.96)^*
	≥4	1.00	1.00
注：^P < 0.05，^*P < 0.01。

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表 4 大学生PA、ST交互与焦虑和抑郁症状的Logistic回归分析[OR值(95%CI)，n=3 076]

Table 4. Logistic regression of PA and ST interaction with anxiety and depressive symptoms among college students[OR(95%CI), n=3 076]

每周运动1 h天数	每周ST/h	焦虑症状	抑郁症状
＜3 d	< 2	0.57(0.33~0.95)^*	0.65(0.39~0.84)^*
	2~＜3	0.75(0.50~1.16)	0.56(0.41~0.98)^**
	3~＜4	0.62(0.40~1.05)	0.64(0.44~0.98)^*
	≥4	—	—
≥3 d	< 2	0.49(0.26~0.84)^*	0.36(0.20~0.55)^**
	2~＜3	0.58(0.34~0.96)^*	0.43(0.28~0.68)^**
	3~＜4	0.71(0.42~1.26)	0.62(0.38~0.98)
	≥4	1.00	1.00
注：^P < 0.05，^*P < 0.01。

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