初中生手机依赖和自我控制潜在类别与体育锻炼的关系

颜楚琦; 张天成; 张福兰; 王澳伦; 彭进银; 陈子逸; 罗湘豫

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025084

初中生手机依赖和自我控制潜在类别与体育锻炼的关系

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025084

吉首大学体育科学学院，湖南 416000

基金项目:

教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目 22YJA880086

湖南省教育厅科学研究重点项目 24A0381

吉首大学研究生科研创新项目 JGY24111

详细信息

作者简介:
颜楚琦(2001-)，男，湖南湘西人，在读硕士，主要研究方向为青少年体质与健康促进

通讯作者:
张天成，E-mail: jdzhangtiancheng@163.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: C913.5 G806 G444 TN929.53
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-12-22
- 修回日期: 2025-02-25
- 网络出版日期: 2025-04-03
- 刊出日期: 2025-03-25

Association of latent profiles of mobile phone dependence and self-control with physical exercise among junior high school students

College of Sports Science, Jishou University, Jishou (416000), Hunan Province, China

摘要

摘要: 目的探讨初中生手机依赖和自我控制的潜在类别与体育锻炼的关联，为预防初中生手机依赖和提高自我控制水平提供参考。方法于2024年4—5月，采用分层随机整群抽样法，选取湖南省湘西自治州3所公立中学初一至初三共计2 311名学生进行调查。采用潜在剖面分析初中生手机依赖与自我控制的类别，运用Pearson相关分析手机依赖与自我控制的相关性，χ²检验分析不同人口学特征青少年潜在剖面类别分布的差异，采用多元Logistic回归分析初中生手机依赖和自我控制与体育锻炼的关系。结果初中生手机依赖和自我控制的潜在剖面分为低依赖-中控制型(885名，38.3%)、中依赖-低控制型(910名，39.4%)、高依赖-无控制型(232名，10.0%)和无依赖-高控制型(284名，12.3%)4个类别；不同性别、年级、独生情况在不同类别上的分布差异均有统计学意义(χ²值分别为10.85，35.72，13.85，P值均 < 0.05)。Logistic回归分析结果显示，控制人口学变量后，以低依赖-中控制组为参照，体育锻炼与中依赖-低控制组(OR=0.79)、高依赖-无控制组(OR=0.81)均呈负相关，与无依赖-高控制组(OR=1.58)呈正相关(P值均 < 0.01)。结论体育锻炼对初中生不同手机依赖与自我控制的潜在剖面类别的影响存在差异。学校和家庭应针对不同类别初中生加强体育锻炼，促进身心健康发展。
- 便携式电话 /
- 行为，成瘾 /
- 自我 /
- 精神卫生 /
- 身体锻炼 /
- 回归分析 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective To explore the association of latent profiles of mobile phone dependence and self-control with physical exercise among junior high school students, so as to provide references for the prevention of mobile phone dependence and the improvement of self-control among junior high school students. Methods From April to May 2024, a stratified random cluster sampling method was used to select a total of 2 311 students from grade 7 to grade 9 in three public junior high schools in Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture, Hunan Province. Latent profile analysis was conducted to identify the latent profiles of mobile phone dependence and self-control among junior high school students. Pearson correlation analysis was used to examine the correlation between mobile phone dependence and self-control, and Chi-square test was used to analyze the distribution differences of latent profiles of adolescents across different demographic characteristics. Multiple Logistic regression analysis was applied to explore the association between mobile phone dependence, self-control, and physical exercise. Results Four latent profiles of mobile phone dependence and self-control were identified: low dependence-moderate self-control group (n=885, 38.3%), moderate dependence-low self-control group (n=910, 39.4%), high dependence-no self-control group (n=232, 10.0%), and no dependence-high self-control group (n=284, 12.3%). Significant differences were observed in the distribution of latent profiles across gender, grade and only-child status (χ²=10.85, 35.72, 13.85, P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that, after controlling for demographic variables, compared with the low dependence-moderate self-control group, physical exercise was negatively associated with the moderate dependence-low self-control group (OR=0.79) and the high dependence-no self-control group (OR=0.81), while positively associated with the no dependence-high self-control group (OR=1.58) (P < 0.01). Conclusions The influence of physical exercise on junior high school students' different potential profile types of mobile phone dependence and self-control is different. Schools and families should adopt targeted physical exercise interventions based on the characteristics of different profiles to promote the physical and mental health of junior high school students.
- Cellular phone /
- Behavior, addictive /
- Ego /
- Mental health /
- Exercise movement techniques /
- Regression analysis /
- Students
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1) 利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。

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图 1 初中生手机依赖和自我控制潜在类别MPAI及SCS各维度得分

Figure 1. Mobile phone dependence and self-control potential categories among junior high school students at each dimension score of MPAI and SCS

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表 1 初中生手机依赖与自我控制量表得分相关性分析(r值，n=2 311)

Table 1. Analysis of correlation between mobile phone dependence and self-control scale scores among junior high school students(r, n=2 311)

变量	失控性	戒断性	逃避性	低效性	冲动控制	健康习惯	抵御诱惑	专注工作
戒断性	0.57
逃避性	0.53	0.57
低效性	0.73	0.56	0.57
冲动控制	-0.46	-0.37	-0.37	-0.43
健康习惯	0.50	-0.34	-0.33	-0.48	0.57
抵御诱惑	-0.50	-0.32	-0.32	-0.48	0.48	0.51
专注工作	-0.50	-0.32	-0.32	-0.48	0.55	0.58	0.55
节制娱乐	-0.52	-0.41	-0.35	-0.46	0.64	0.59	0.47	0.49
注： P值均 < 0.01。

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表 2 初中生手机依赖与自我控制的潜在剖面模型拟合指标

Table 2. Potential profile model fitting indicators of mobile phone dependence and self-control

类别	条目	AIC值	BIC值	aBIC值	Entropy值	LMR值	BLRT值	类别概率
1	18	113 602.07	113 705.49	113 648.30	—	—	—	1.00
2	28	107 764.80	107 925.67	107 836.71	0.85	0	0	0.45/0.56
3	38	105 437.31	105 655.64	105 534.90	0.86	< 0.01	0	0.15/0.33/0.53
4	48	104 355.61	104 631.39	104 478.89	0.86	< 0.01	0	0.12/0.10/0.39/0.38
5	58	103 869.35	104 202.59	104 018.31	0.84	0.26	0	0.13/0.09/0.15/0.25/0.39

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表 3 不同人口学特征初中生手机依赖和自我控制的潜在类别分布比较

Table 3. Comparison of the status quo of potential categories of mobile phone dependence and self-control among middle school students in different demographic characteristics

人口学指标	选项	人数	低依赖-中控制	中依赖-低控制	高依赖-无控制	无依赖-高控制	χ²值	P值
性别	男	1 162	457(39.3)	431(37.1)	110(9.5)	164(14.1)	10.85	0.01
	女	1 149	428(37.2)	479(41.7)	122(10.6)	120(10.4)
年级	初一	807	289(37.5)	76(35.8)	139(9.4)	303(17.2)	35.72	< 0.01
	初二	774	312(40.3)	326(42.1)	76(9.8)	60(7.8)
	初三	730	270(37.0)	295(40.4)	80(11.0)	85(11.6)
独生子女	是	331	108(32.6)	156(47.1)	38(11.5)	29(8.8)	13.85	< 0.01
	否	1 980	777(39.2)	754(38.1)	194(9.8)	255(12.9)
注： ()内数字为构成比/%。

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