深圳市宝安区幼儿父母视力健康知识信念行为及相关因素分析

王春丽; 简洁; 张蔚; 何颖欣; 张羽; 张东枚

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025080

深圳市宝安区幼儿父母视力健康知识信念行为及相关因素分析

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025080

王春丽¹,
简洁¹,
张蔚²,
何颖欣²,
张羽²,
张东枚^2, ,

1.
深圳市宝安区公共卫生服务中心健康管理科，广东 518000
2.
广东药科大学公共卫生学院

基金项目:

2024年度广东省哲学社会科学规划一般项目 GD24CGL29

广东省医学科研基金项目 B2022337

详细信息

作者简介:
王春丽(1979-)，女，江西赣州人，大学本科，副主任医师，主要研究方向为儿童保健

通讯作者:
张东枚，E-mail：516255768@qq.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R179 R770.42⁺¹ G78
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-09-30
- 修回日期: 2025-02-24
- 网络出版日期: 2025-04-03
- 刊出日期: 2025-03-25

Status and related factors of knowledge, attitude and practice of vision health among young children's parents in Bao'an District, Shenzhen City

1.
Department of Health Management, Shenzhen Bao'an District Public Health Service Center, Shenzhen (518000), Guangdong Province, China

摘要

摘要: 目的了解深圳市宝安区幼儿父母视力健康知识、信念、行为(KAP)情况及其影响因素，为进一步控制近视、促进儿童视力健康提供参考依据。方法 2024年5月16—26日，采取分层整群随机抽样方法，对深圳市宝安区某街道41所托幼机构7 666名幼儿父母开展在线问卷调查，采用t检验、方差分析与多元线性回归分析幼儿父母视力健康KAP的相关因素。结果父母视力健康知识、信念、行为及其总体的合格率分别为25.10%，98.49%，71.18%，58.26%。多元线性回归分析结果显示，幼儿父母视力情况为仅父亲近视、仅母亲近视、父母均近视相较父母均不近视，以及幼儿就读于小班、中班、大班和学前班相较托班的幼儿父母视力健康KAP标化得分均较高(β值分别为0.08，0.11，0.16，0.17，0.16，0.16，0.05)，幼儿近视、不清楚幼儿视力情况和不清楚自身视力情况的幼儿父母KAP标化得分较低(β值分别为-0.02，-0.04，-0.05)(P值均＜0.05)。结论深圳市宝安区幼儿父母视力健康态度积极，但知识及行为较欠缺。应针对性地传播科学的儿童视力保健知识与观念，对幼儿父母加强视力健康知识指导。
- 视力，低 /
- 健康知识，态度，实践 /
- 回归分析 /
- 法定监护人 /
- 儿童，学龄前
Abstract: Objective To understand the status and related factors of knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) on vision health among young children's parents in Bao'an District, Shenzhen, so as to provide reference for further controlling myopia and promoting children's visual health. Methods From May 16th to 26th, 2024, a stratified cluster random sampling method was used to conduct an online questionnaire survey on 7 666 parents of kindergarten children across 41 kindergartens in a street of Bao'an District, Shenzhen. The t-test, variance analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were used to analyze the related factors of KAP on vision health among children's parents. Results The pass rates of parental vision KAP and overall assessment were 25.10%, 98.49%, 71.18% and 58.26%, respectively. The results of the multiple linear regression analysis showed that only fathers with myopia, only mothers with myopia, both parents with myopia, children in the bottom classes, middle classes, senior classes, and pre-school had higher standardized scores for KAP on vision health among parents (β=0.08, 0.11, 0.16, 0.17, 0.16, 0.16, 0.05, P < 0.05), compared to both parents without myopia and children in daycare classes. Parents of young children with myopia, and who didn't know their children's visual acuity and their own visual acuity had a lower KAP standardized scores (β=-0.02, -0.04, -0.05, P<0.05). Conclusions Young children's parents in Bao'an District hold a positive attitude towards vision health, but are lack of knowledge and practice. It is imperative to transmit accurate information and concepts about children's vision health to parents in a targeted manner. In particular, knowledge and guidance should be strengthened for children's parents.
- Vision, low /
- Health knowledge, attitudes, practice /
- Regression analysis /
- Legal guardians /
- Child, preschool
注释:

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表 1 幼儿父母视力健康KAP标化得分单因素分析(x±s)

Table 1. Single-factor analysis of KAP standardized scores for vision health among parents of young children(x±s)

因素	选项	人数	得分	t/F值	P值
幼儿性别	男	4 156	0.63±0.10	0.00	0.97
	女	3 510	0.63±0.10
幼儿就读年级	托班	108	0.59±0.11	7.40	＜0.01
	小班	2 207	0.63±0.10
	中班	2 640	0.63±0.10
	大班	2 342	0.63±0.10
	学前班	369	0.61±0.10
幼儿视力情况	视力正常	6 780	0.63±0.10	4.58	＜0.01
	近视	154	0.61±0.11
	其他眼病	698	0.63±0.10
	不清楚	34	0.57±0.09
幼儿父母视力	仅父亲近视	1 371	0.63±0.10	52.01	＜0.01
情况	仅母亲近视	1 885	0.63±0.10
	均近视	1 797	0.65±0.10
	均不近视	2 454	0.61±0.10
	不清楚	159	0.57±0.10

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表 2 幼儿父母视力健康KAP标化得分相关因素的多元线性回归分析(n=7 666)

Table 2. Multiple linear regression of related factors of KAP standardized scores for vision health among young children's parents (n=7 666)

自变量	选项	B值	标准误	β值	t值	P值
幼儿视力情况	正常			1.00
	近视	-0.02	0.01	-0.02	-2.12	0.03
	其他眼病	0.00	0.00	-0.00	-0.34	0.73
	不清楚	-0.06	0.02	-0.04	-3.43	< 0.01
幼儿父母视力	均不近视			1.00
情况	仅父亲近视	0.02	0.00	0.08	6.56	< 0.01
	仅母亲近视	0.03	0.00	0.11	8.48	< 0.01
	均近视	0.04	0.00	0.16	12.10	< 0.01
	不清楚	-0.03	0.01	-0.05	-4.02	< 0.01
幼儿就读年级	托班			1.00
	小班	0.04	0.01	0.17	3.91	< 0.01
	中班	0.04	0.01	0.16	3.56	< 0.01
	大班	0.04	0.01	0.16	3.61	< 0.01
	学前班	0.02	0.01	0.05	2.00	< 0.05

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