儿童青少年24 h活动行为与认知功能关联性的系统评价

杨杰; 郑淑淇; 吴华; 周文龙; 阮辉

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025043

儿童青少年24 h活动行为与认知功能关联性的系统评价

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025043

杨杰^{1, 2},
郑淑淇^{1, 2},
吴华^1, ,,
周文龙^{2, 3},
阮辉¹

1.
海南师范大学体育学院，海口 571127
2.
海南省儿童认知与行为发展重点实验室
3.
琼台师范学院体育学院

基金项目:

2023年度海南省哲学社会科学规划课题项目 HNSK(YB)23-57

海南省儿童认知与行为发展重点实验室开放课题项目 2023KF01

海南省研究生创新科研课题项目 Qhys2024-375

详细信息

作者简介:
杨杰(2000-)，男，安徽宣城人，在读硕士，主要研究方向为儿童身体活动与健康促进

通讯作者:
吴华，E-mail：455847502@qq.com

中图分类号: R179 G806 Q427
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- 文章访问数: 127
- HTML全文浏览量: 42
- PDF下载量: 18
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-08-13
- 修回日期: 2024-12-03
- 网络出版日期: 2025-03-05
- 刊出日期: 2025-02-25

Systematic review of association between 24 h movement behavior and cognitive function in children and adolescents

YANG Jie^{1, 2},
ZHENG Shuqi^{1, 2},
WU Hua^{1
, ,},
ZHOU Wenlong^{2, 3},
RUAN Hui¹

1.
School of Physical Education, Hainan Normal University, Haikou (571127), Hainan Province, China

摘要

摘要: 目的分析儿童青少年24 h活动行为与认知功能的相关关系及其等时替代效益，为制定儿童青少年认知发展干预策略提供参考依据。方法在Web of Science、PubMed、Embase、EBSCO、中国知网数据库检索发表于建库至2024年11月30日的相关文献，通过筛选、数据提取及质量评估后进行系统评价。结果共纳入24篇高质量文献，3~18岁儿童青少年总样本量为35 295名。遵循24 h活动指南建议的儿童青少年认知表现更优(19篇)；以5~30 min/d的中高强度身体活动(MVPA)或睡眠(SLP)替代久坐行为(SB)或低强度身体活动(LPA)时，认知功能明显改善(7篇)。不同类型SB(如学习型或娱乐型)对认知功能的影响存在不一致性。结论遵循24 h活动指南建议有助于儿童青少年认知功能的发展，MVPA和SLP是有效干预的关键；应提升24 h活动行为MVPA占比、保障充足SLP，控制娱乐型SB和屏幕时间，提升3种行为的综合效益。
- 运动活动 /
- 认知 /
- 生长和发育 /
- 数据库，文献型 /
- 儿童 /
- 青少年
Abstract: Objective To analyze the relationship between 24 h movement behaviors and cognitive function in children and adolescents, as well as the isotemporal substitution benefits, in order to provide a basis for developing cognitive development intervention strategies among children and adolescents. Methods Relevant studies were searched in the Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, EBSCO, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases from their inception to November 30, 2024. Systematic evaluation was performed after document screening, data extraction and quality assessment. Results A total of 24 high-quality studies were included, comprising 35 295 children and adolescents aged 3-18 years. Adhering to the 24 h activity guidelines was associated with better cognitive performance (19 studies). Additionally, substituting 5-30 minutes per day of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) or sleep (SLP) for sedentary behavior (SB) or light physical activity (LPA) were associated with improvements in cognitive function (7 studies). There were inconsistencies in the effects of different types of SB (learning or entertainment) on cognitive function. Conclusions Adherence to the 24 h activity guidelines supports cognitive development in children and adolescents, with MVPA and SLP as key intervention targets. Increasing the proportion of MVPA, ensuring adequate SLP, and limiting recreational SB and screen time might be helpful to enhance the combined benefits of these three behaviors.
- Motor activity /
- Cognition /
- Growth and development /
- Databases, bibliographic /
- Child /
- Adolescent

HTML全文

图 1 儿童青少年24 h活动行为与认知功能关联性文献检索流程

Figure 1. Literature retrieval process on the associations between 24 h movement behavior and cognitive function in children and adolescents

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 儿童青少年24 h活动行为与认知功能关联性纳入研究基本特征与主要结果

Table 1. Basic characteristics and main results of studies on the associations between 24 h movement behavior and cognitive function in children and adolescents

纳入文献及年份	样本国籍/年龄	样本量	24 h活动行为测量工具	认知功能		主要结果	得分
纳入文献及年份	样本国籍/年龄	样本量	24 h活动行为测量工具	指标	测量工具	主要结果	得分
Cliff等^[11](2017)	澳大利亚/(4.2±0.6)岁	248	ActiGraph GT3X+，问卷	整体认知功能	TECToM	符合SLP，SLP+PA或SLP+ST建议时，认知表现更好	18
Walsh等^[12](2018)	美国/9~10岁	4 524	自我报告，问卷	整体认知功能	NIH	①每符合1个指南建议与整体认知(+)；②符合3项建议与整体认知(+)；③仅满足ST或ST+SLP与整体认知(+)	16
McNeill等^[13](2020)	澳大利亚/(4.3±0.7)岁	横: 247 纵: 185	ActiGraph GT3X+，问卷	EF	EYT	横：①符合SLP+PA与语音工作记忆(+)；②符合2项/3项指南建议与工作记忆(+)；纵：1年后，①符合PA与转换能力(+)；②符合单个或综合指南建议与EF(0)	17
Kuzik等^[14](2020)	加拿大/3~5岁	95	ActiGraphw GT3X-BT	整体认知功能	EYT	①24 h活动行为与整体认知(+)；②SB与反应抑制、词汇量(+)；等时替代(30 min/d)：SB→SLP，词汇量↑	16
Draper等^[15](2020)	南非/(4.5±0.3)岁	88	Actigraph GT3X，问卷	EF	EYT	①符合2~3项指南建议者，EF表现优于符合1个指南建议者；②ST与EF(-)；③SLP与EF(0)；④农村儿童EF低于城市儿童	17
Taylor等^[16](2021)	新西兰/1、2、3.5、5岁	528	Actical Mini-Mitter，问卷	整体认知功能	BASC-2NEPSY-2	横：①24 h活动行为与抑制控制(0)；②1岁时未被限制活动超过1 h与注意力问题(-)；纵：在2个及以上年龄段符合ST, EF↑	20
Bezerra等^[17](2021)	巴西/3~5岁	123	ActiGraph WGT3-X，问卷	EF	EYT	①24 h活动行为与EF(+)；②MVPA与EF(-)；③SLP、SB与EF(0)；等时替代[5/10/15/20)min/d]：①MVPA→LPA/SLP, EF↑；②SLP→LPA, EF↑	16
Fairclough等^[18](2021)	英国/9~13岁	359	ActiGraph GT9X	EF	CANTAB	LPA与EF、转换能力、抑制控制(-)。等时替代[(5/10/15/20)min/d]：SLP/ST/MVPA→LPA, EF↑	18
Zeng等^[19](2022)	中国/7~12岁	376	ActiGraph GT3X，家长协助，儿童报告	EF	WCST	①符合24 h活动指南建议与EF(+)；②未满足任何24 h活动建议与整体表现、认知灵活性、规则发现效率(-)；③不符合PA+ST或PA+SLP或ST+SLP建议，整体表现更差	17
Kuzik等^[20](2022)	加拿大/3~5岁	95	ActiGraphw GT3X-BT，家长报告	整体认知功能	EYT	符合SLP/SLP+PA指南建议与整体(身体、认知、社会情感)发展(+)	17
Lu等^[21](2023)	中国/3~5岁	135	ActiGraph GT9X，家长报告	EF	EYT	①24 h活动行为与认知灵活性(+)；②MVPA与认知灵活性(+)；③LPA与认知灵活性(0)等时替代[(5/10/15/20/25/30)min/d]：MVPA→SLP/SB，认知灵活性↑	19
Fung等^[22](2023)	美国/9~14岁	T1:10 574T2:9 273	自我报告+父母报告	整体认知功能	NITB-CB	横：符合ST/SLP+ST 3项建议，流体智力、结晶智力、综合认知得分更高。纵：2个时间点都符合SLP+ST建议，整体认知表现更好	14
Lau等^[23](2023)	中国/3~6岁	426	ActiGraph GT3-BT，家长报告	EF	Stroop任务停止信号测试safari任务	①24 h活动行为与抑制控制、工作记忆(+)；②MVPA与抑制控制(+)；③LPA与工作记忆(-)等时替代(15 min/d)：①MVPA→SLP/SB，抑制控制↑；②SLP/SB/MVPA→LPA，工作记忆↑	19
Fochesatto等^[24](2023)	巴西/6~11岁	226	ActiGraphw GT3X-BT，家长报告	整体认知功能	CPM	①MVPA与认知功能(-)，受年龄和体能的影响；②ST、MVPA和体能是调节认知功能的重要指标	18
Lu等^[25](2023)	美国/14~17岁	6 032	自我报告	认知困难	问题评估	①符合24 h活动指南与认知困难(-)；②符合ST+SLP指南建议与认知困难(-)	15
Taylor等^[26](2023)	英国/6~17岁	3 470	自我报告	认知困难	问题评估	①与不符合任何指南相比，符合所有24 h活动指南降低认知困难发生概率；②符合ST+PA建议，认知困难风险降低预测能力最强	17
St Laurent等^[27](2023)	美国/33~70个月	388	Actiwatch	整体认知功能	PPVT-IV记忆游戏任务Flanker任务	①LPA或MVPA与词汇(+)；②SLP与程序记忆(+)；③SLP与视觉空间记忆(-)	16
Gao等^[28](2024)	美国/6~17岁	1 794	自我报告	认知困难	问题评估	符合ST+SLP指南建议与认知功能(+)	17
Padmapriya等^[29](2024)	新加坡/5.5~8岁	432	ActiGraph GT3X+，家长报告	EF	NEPSY-2	①5.5和8岁时24 h活动行为、参加有组织的PA分别与8.5岁时EF(0)(+)；②8岁时户外参与MVPA的儿童比参与LPA儿童的EF得分更高；③8岁时室内参与VPA的儿童比参与LPA儿童的EF得分更低；④8岁时进行阅读型SB儿童与其EF得分(+)	16
Cheng等^[30](2024)	美国/6~17岁	3 410	家长报告	认知困难	问题评估	与不符合任何指南相比，符合ST建议的儿童青少年与认知困难(-)	15
Zahran等^[31](2024)	澳大利亚、挪威、加拿大/2.8~5.5岁	858	ActiGraph GT3X+或wGT3X-BT	EF	EYT	①24 h活动行为与工作记忆(+)，与反应抑制、表达词汇(0)；②工作记忆与SLP(-)，与SB(+)；③当每日SLP为11 h、SB为5 h 42 min、LPA为5 h 6 min、MVPA为2 h 12 min时，工作记忆表现最佳	19
胥祉涵等^[32](2024)	中国/3~6岁	209	ActiGraph GT3-BT，家长报告	EF	BRIEF-P	①MVPA或LPA与EF总分(-)；②SLP与EF总分(+)；③SB与EF总分(0)等时替代(15 min/d)：①MVPA→SLP/SB/LPA，EF总分↓, 反之EF总分↑；②SLP→SB/LPA，EF总分↓(EF得分越高表现越差)	15
尹龙等^[33](2024)	中国/4~6岁	103	ActiGraphw GT3-BT，家长/教师报告	EF	Flanker任务	①24 h活动行为与EF(+)：②SB与EF(-)；③SLP或MVPA与EF(+)；④LPA与EF(0)等时替代(15 min/d)：①MVPA→SB/LPA, EF↑, 反之EF↓；②SLP→SB/LPA，EF↑, 反之EF↓；③MVPA与SLP之间的替换对EF无显著影响	17
王成龙等^[34](2024)	中国/3~6岁	555	三轴加速度计，家长报告	EF	狩猎训练测试停止信号测试	①符合MVPA与男童工作记忆表现(+)；②符合ST与男童抑制控制表现(+)	16
注： PA，身体活动；LPA，低强度身体活动；MVPA，中高强度身体活动；VPA，高强度身体活动；SB，久坐行为；ST，屏幕时间；SLP，睡眠时间；NIH，美国国立卫生研究院工具箱；EF，执行功能；+，正相关；-，负相关；0，无相关；T1，时间点1；T2，时间点2(随访2年后)；“A→B”表示A替代相同时间B；↑，提高；↓，下降；CSHQ，儿童睡眠习惯问卷；SDSC，儿童睡眠障碍量表；EYT，早期儿童执行功能测量工具包；TEC，情绪理解测验；ToM，心智理论测验；NITB-CB，美国国立卫生研究院认知功能测试工具箱；NEPSY-2，神经心理测评；BASC-2，2~5岁儿童行为评估系统；CANTAB，剑桥神经心理成套测验；WCST，威斯康辛卡片分类测验；CPM，瑞文标准推理测验-彩色型；PPVT-IV，皮博迪图片词汇测验；BRIEF-P，学龄前儿童执行功能行为评定问卷父母版。文献[13, 16, 22]为横断面与纵向相结合的研究设计，文献[29]为队列研究，其余均为横断面研究。

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