高职院校不同体质量指数学生学期与假期24 h活动行为特点

王海波; 冯伟; 刘超

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024264

高职院校不同体质量指数学生学期与假期24 h活动行为特点

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024264

无锡职业技术学院体育部, 江苏 214121

基金项目:

江苏省高校哲学社会科学研究一般项目 2023SJYB0970

江苏省职业教育教学改革研究重点资助项目 ZZZ19

无锡职业技术学院社科创新团队项目 SKT2023003

详细信息

作者简介:
王海波(1983-), 男, 黑龙江哈尔滨人, 硕士, 副教授, 主要研究方向为高职学生体质健康促进与管理

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R179 R194.3 G804.49 G806
计量
- 文章访问数: 54
- HTML全文浏览量: 30
- PDF下载量: 10
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-04-29
- 修回日期: 2024-06-20
- 网络出版日期: 2024-10-08
- 刊出日期: 2024-09-25

Characteristics of 24 h activity behaviors in students with different body mass index for vocational colleges during semesters and vacations

Department of Physical Education, Wuxi Vocational College of Science and Technology, Wuxi (214121), Jiangsu Province, China

摘要

摘要: 目的探讨不同体质量指数(BMI)高职院校学生学期与假期24 h活动行为成分指标时间变化规律及差异特点, 为促进青少年健康生活方式的科学养成提供参考依据。方法 2022年11-12月, 采用随机抽样方法抽取无锡市某职业技术学院162名一年级学生为研究对象。根据性别与BMI, 将受试者分为男、女生体重偏轻、正常及超重肥胖6组。2023年1, 4, 7, 10月运用迈欧实时心率光电手环、周调查问卷和《Bouchard身体活动日记》, 对24 h活动行为成分指标[身体活动(PA)、静态活动(SB)与睡眠行为(SLP)]时间分别进行为期1周的跟踪测量。采用重复测量方差分析分别比较男、女生24 h活动行为成分指标时间的组间差异。结果重复测量方差分析显示, 男、女生PA、MVPA、SB和SLP时间的组别主效应有统计学意义(男生: F值分别为241.62, 253.69, 210.66, 20.09;女生: F值分别为316.36, 286.41, 277.37, 7.68), 时间主效应有统计学意义(男生: F值分别为342.72, 234.54, 77.77, 42.80;女生: F值分别为569.74, 155.14, 95.13, 52.67), 组别与时间的交互作用也有统计学意义(男生: F值分别为16.63, 11.25, 8.91, 4.01;女生: F值分别为69.49, 10.69, 18.22, 3.89)(P值均 < 0.01)。事后检验发现, 各月份不同BMI组间比较显示, 男、女生PA、MVPA时间均是正常组大于超重肥胖组, SB时间均是超重肥胖组大于正常组, 差异均有统计学意义; SLP时间除男生10月、女生4月是正常组大于超重肥胖组, 其余月份均是超重肥胖组大于正常组, 且仅有1和7月的组间差异有统计学意义(P值均 < 0.05)。各BMI组别不同月份比较显示, 男、女生均是随着年度内月份的推移, PA、MVPA时间呈现先上升后下降再上升的变化趋势(F_男=39.56~386.68, F_女=38.97~637.54), SB和SLP时间呈现先下降后上升再下降的变化趋势(F_男=6.79~69.25, F_女=6.70~162.86), 并且学期(4, 10月)与假期(1, 7月)差异均有统计学意义(P值均 < 0.01)。结论高职院校学生24 h活动行为成分指标时间在不同BMI群体间以及学期和假期间差异明显。应根据高职院校学生特点制定学期和假期的个性化干预措施, 促使学生形成良好的生活方式。
- 人体质量指数 /
- 运动活动 /
- 生长和发育 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective To explore the characteristics of the patterns and differences in the time of 24 h activity behavior components among vocational college students with different body mass index (BMI) during semester and vacation, so as to provide the reference for optimizing the scientific development of healthy lifestyle in adolescents. Methods From November to December 2022, a total of 162 freshman students from a vocational college in Wuxi were selected by random sampling.Based on gender and BMI, the subjects were divided into six groups: underweight, normal weight, and overweight and obese.In January, April, July and October 2023, a MIO smart heart rate wristband, weekly questionnaire and Bouchard physical activity diary were used to track the time of 24 h activity behavior components[physical activity (PA), sedentary activity (SB), moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sleep behavior (SLP)]over one week.Repeated measurement analysis of variance was used to compare the inter group differences in these activity behavior components between male and female students. Results The analysis of variance of repeated measurements showed that there were statistically significant main effects for group (gender) on PA, MVPA, SB, and sleep time (F_boys=241.62, 253.69, 210.66, 20.09;F_girls=316.36, 286.41, 277.37, 7.68), as well as significant main effects for time (F_boys=342.72, 234.54, 77.77, 42.80;F_girls=569.74, 155.14, 95.13, 52.67)(P < 0.01).Additionally, there was a statistically significant interaction effect between group and time (F_boys=16.63, 11.25, 8.91, 4.01;F_girls=69.49, 10.69, 18.22, 3.89)(P < 0.01).After inspection, the comparison of different BMI at each month showed that PA, MVPA time of male and female students in the normal weight group was longer than that of overweight and obesity group, and SB time in overweight and obesity group were longer than that of normal group, with statistical significances (P < 0.05).Except for October in boys and April in girls, where sleep time was longer in the normal weight group, the overweight and obesity group had longer sleep time in other months than the normal weight group, and statistically significant differences were observed only in January and July (P < 0.05).Comparison across different month within different BMI groups showed that the time of PA, MVPA initially increased, then decreased, and increased again over the year (F_boys=39.56-386.68, F_girls=38.97-637.54), while SB and SLP time initially decreased, then increased and decreased again (F_boys=6.79-69.25, F_girls=6.70-162.86), and the difference between semester (April and October) and holiday (January and July) were statistically significances (P < 0.01). Conclusions The time of 24 h activity behavior components of vocational college students is obviously different among different BMI groups and between semester and vacation.Tailored intervention measures should be formulated for both semesters and vacations based on the characteristics of vocational college students for promoting students to develop a good lifestyle.
- Body mass index /
- Motor activity /
- Growth and development /
- Students
注释:

1) 利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。

HTML全文

表 1 不同BMI高职院校学生各个时间段PA和MVPA时间比较/(x±s, min·d^-1)

Table 1. Comparison of PA and MVPA time of students from different BMI vocational colleges among different time periods/(x±s, min·d^-1)

性别	BMI组别	人数	PA						MVPA
性别	BMI组别	人数	1月	4月	7月	10月	F值	P值	1月	4月	7月	10月	F值	P值
男生	偏轻	26	255.58±36.59	302.15±27.59	225.85±54.48	328.96±36.69	39.56	< 0.01	28.27±5.00	38.62±6.29	27.85±6.43	42.54±5.89	52.67	< 0.01
	正常	27	310.81±24.36	364.37±27.14	259.93±20.54	360.59±25.94	373.31	< 0.01	38.04±4.16	56.19±7.34	41.48±4.94	57.19±6.69	84.96	< 0.01
	超重肥胖	28	141.71±15.67	255.25±20.24	161.82±19.53	261.68±25.76	386.68	< 0.01	25.93±4.05	32.71±4.84	16.82±4.04	34.93±3.94	161.83	< 0.01
女生	偏轻	25	264.48±25.73	283.81±23.47	234.52±29.16	305.04±31.15	65.14	< 0.01	33.48±6.78	41.20±5.59	25.84±6.78	39.40±5.82	95.73	< 0.01
	正常	29	290.41±22.39	334.62±22.49	232.17±22.37	327.93±19.84	183.20	< 0.01	39.07±5.76	53.14±8.25	42.59±6.18	56.14±7.55	38.97	< 0.01
	超重肥胖	27	118.48±13.49	241.81±16.91	140.48±14.52	253.70±22.01	637.54	< 0.01	21.67±5.04	27.22±5.45	12.15±2.89	32.44±4.03	92.70	< 0.01

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 不同BMI高职院校学生各个时间段SB时间比较/(x±s, min·d^-1)

Table 2. Comparison of SB time of students from different BMI vocational colleges among different time periods/(x±s, min·d^-1)

性别	组别	人数	1月	4月	7月	10月	F值	P值
男生	偏轻	26	692.05±49.94	663.38±31.61	710.15±56.62	641.85±38.91	12.74	< 0.01
	正常	27	624.93±27.24	582.96±26.78	652.70±30.16	579.19±18.45	55.50	< 0.01
	超重肥胖	28	756.61±24.26	681.11±14.29	707.29±27.94	678.00±19.26	69.25	< 0.01
女生	偏轻	25	667.61±28.06	654.32±38.32	681.61±37.99	639.80±36.14	6.76	< 0.01
	正常	29	645.21±29.98	586.62±26.45	652.28±26.68	600.69±19.24	45.98	< 0.01
	超重肥胖	27	777.37±15.95	689.37±16.45	713.11±20.55	670.41±24.23	162.86	< 0.01

下载: 导出CSV

表 3 不同BMI高职院校学生各个时间段SLP时间比较/(x±s, min·d^-1)

Table 3. Comparison of SLP time of students from different BMI vocational colleges among different time periods/(x±s, min·d^-1)

性别	BMI组别	人数	1月	4月	7月	10月	F值	P值
男生	偏轻	26	442.54±29.16	436.69±32.62	459.38±28.59	423.77±19.99	6.79	< 0.01
	正常	27	450.44±25.75	436.11±34.92	469.89±32.37	439.22±24.30	7.51	< 0.01
	超重肥胖	28	474.93±22.41	441.07±26.78	504.79±22.28	436.68±32.29	42.10	< 0.01
女生	偏轻	25	462.64±41.77	441.84±31.93	472.36±31.06	434.40±38.85	6.70	< 0.01
	正常	29	452.62±33.06	449.38±30.32	492.21±30.27	443.21±31.89	16.08	< 0.01
	超重肥胖	27	488.11±21.84	444.11±27.98	510.05±22.49	447.22±24.24	66.07	< 0.01

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(33)

[1]	张丹青, 路瑛丽, 刘阳. 身体活动和静态生活方式的影响因素: 基于我国儿童青少年的系统综述[J]. 体育科学, 2019, 39(12): 62-75. ZHANG D Q, LU Y L, LIU Y. Determinants and correlates of physical activity and sedentary behavior in Chinese children and adolescents: a systematic review[J]. China Sport Sci, 2019, 39(12): 62-75. (in Chinese)
[2]	李红娟, 张婷, 张柳, 等. 基于活动: 平衡模型的儿童少年时间使用与体质关联研究[J]. 北京体育大学学报, 2023, 46(4): 76-84. LI H J, ZHANG T, ZHANG L, et al. Research on the association between time use and physical fitness of children and adolescents based on the activity balance model[J]. J Beijing Sport Univ, 2023, 46(4): 76-84. (in Chinese)
[3]	王丽娟. 5~18岁儿童青少年24 h活动研究: 现状、影响因素与健康效应[J]. 中国体育科技, 2022, 58(1): 46-56. WANG L J. 24-hour movement of children and adolescents aged 5-18: current situation, influencing factors, and healthy impact[J]. Chin Sport Sci Technol, 2022, 58(1): 46-56. (in Chinese)
[4]	张婷, 李红娟, 张曌华, 等. 儿童青少年24 h活动行为与肥胖关联的系统评价[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2023, 44(1): 23-27. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.01.005 ZHANG T, LI H J, ZHANG Z H, et al. A systematic review of the association between 24-hour movement behavior and obesity in children and adolescents[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2023, 44(1): 23-27. (in Chinese) doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.01.005
[5]	HADIANFARD A M, MOZAFFARI-KHOSRAVI H, KARANDISH M, et al. Physical activity and sedentary behaviors(screen time and homework) among overweight or obese adolescents: a cross-sectional observational study in Yazd, Iran[J]. BMC Pediatr, 2021, 21(1): 421-430. doi: 10.1186/s12887-021-02892-w
[6]	郇昌店, 杨涛. 新中国青少年体质健康政策的演进历程、逻辑转变和优化方向[J]. 成都体育学院学报, 2023, 49(1): 104-110. XUN C D, YANG T. The evolution, logical transformation and optimization orientation of adolescent physical fitness and health policy in New China[J]. J Chengdu Sport Univ, 2023, 49(1): 104-110. (in Chinese)
[7]	汪晓赞, 杨燕国, 孔琳, 等. 新征程上我国儿童青少年体育健康促进的挑战与路径审视: 基于对党的二十大精神的学习与思考[J]. 天津体育学院学报, 2023, 38(1): 9-16. WANG X Z, YANG Y G, KONG L, et al. Challenge and path of physical health promotion for children and adolescents in China on the new journey: learning and thinking based on the spirit of 20th CPC National Congress[J]. J Tianjin Sport Univ, 2023, 38(1): 9-16. (in Chinese)
[8]	UN. Statistics Division. International classification of activities for time use statistics 2016(ICATUS 2016)[M]. New York: UN, 2021.
[9]	中华人民共和国教育部关于印发《国家学生体质健康标准(2014年修订)》的通知[EB/OL]. (2014-07-08)[2024-04-10]. http://www.moe.gov.cn/s78/A17/twys_left/moe_938/moe_792/s3273/201407/t20140708_171692.html. Notice of Ministry of Education of the PRC on the issuance of the National Physical Health Standards for Students(2014 Revision)[EB/OL]. (2014-07-08)[2024-04-10]. http://www.moe.gov.cn/s78/A17/twys_left/moe_938/moe_792/s3273/201407/t20140708_171692.html. (in Chinese)
[10]	中国学生体质与健康调研组. 2019中国学生体质与健康调研报告[M]. 北京: 高等教育出版社, 2022. Chinese Student Physical Fitness and Health Research Group. Chinese student physical fitness and health survey report 2019[M]. Beijing: Higher Education Press, 2022. (in Chinese)
[11]	《中国人群身体活动指南》编写委员会. 中国人群身体活动指南(2021)[M]. 北京: 人民卫生出版社, 2021.
[12]	国家体育总局. 全民健身指南[M]. 北京: 北京体育大学出版社, 2018. State General Administration of Sport of China. National fitness guide[M]. Beijing: Beijing Sport University Press, 2018. (in Chinese)
[13]	屈宁宁, 李可基. 国际体力活动问卷中文版的信度和效度研究[J]. 中华流行病学杂志, 2004, 25(3): 265-268. QU N N, LI K J. Study on the reliability and validity of International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ, Chinese Vision)[J]. Chin J Epidemiol, 2004, 25(3): 265-268. (in Chinese)
[14]	马冠生, 栾德春, 刘爱玲, 等. 中国成年职业人群身体活动问卷的设计和评价[J]. 营养学报, 2007, 29(3): 217-221. MA G S, LUAN D C, LIU A L, et al. Analysis and evaluation of a Physical Activity Questionnaire of Professionals in China[J]. Acta Nutr Sin, 2007, 29(3): 217-221. (in Chinese)
[15]	王海波, 刘超, 陈海波. 高职院校肥胖学生24h活动行为综合干预效果[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2024, 45(2): 207-212. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024054 WANG H B, LIU C, CHEN H B. Effects of comprehensive intervention on 24 h activity behavior among obese students in vocational colleges[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2024, 45(2): 207-212. (in Chinese) doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024054
[16]	郭享, 毛宏梅, 刘婷婷, 等. 国际身体活动问卷与Bouchard身体活动日记的效度[J]. 卫生研究, 2021, 50(3): 435-441. GUO X, MAO H M, LIU T T, et al. Validity of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire and Bouchard Diary in Chinese adults[J]. J Hyg Res, 2021, 50(3): 435-441. (in Chinese)
[17]	MARTÍNEZ-GÓMEZ D, WÄRNBERG J, WELK, G J, et al. Validity of the bouchard activity diary in Spanish adolescents[J]. Public Health Nutr, 2010, 13(2): 261-268. doi: 10.1017/S1368980009990681
[18]	DAMASCENO V, LIMA J, GONCALVES R, et al. Concurrent validity and reliability of 3-day physical activity recall on daily energy expenditure in children and adolescents[J]. Hum Mov, 2021, 22(2): 93-101.
[19]	TUCKER P, GILLILAND J. The effect of season and weather on physical activity: a systematic review[J]. Public Health, 2007, 121(12): 909-922. doi: 10.1016/j.puhe.2007.04.009
[20]	TANAKA C, REILLY J J, TANAKA M, et al. Seasonal changes in objectively measured sedentary behavior and physical activity in Japanese primary school children[J]. BMC Public Health, 2016, 16(1): 969-979. doi: 10.1186/s12889-016-3633-5
[21]	CHAPUT J P, DUTIL C, FEATHERSTONE R, et al. Sleep duration and health in adults: an overview of systematic reviews[J]. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab, 2020, 45(10): S218-S231.
[22]	TANAKA C, REILLY J J, TANAKA M, et al. Changes in weight, sedentary behaviour and physical activity during the school year and summer vacation[J]. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2018, 15(5): 915-933. doi: 10.3390/ijerph15050915
[23]	FERGUSON T, CURTIS R, FRAYSSE F, et al. How do 24-h movement behaviours change during and after vacation?A cohort study[J]. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act, 2023, 20(1): 24-35. doi: 10.1186/s12966-023-01416-2
[24]	LAMONDIA J, BHAT C R, HENSHER D A. An annual time use model for domestic vacation travel[J]. J Choic Model, 2008, 1(1): 70-97. doi: 10.1016/S1755-5345(13)70023-X
[25]	路晏伶, 张秋玉. 高校学生假期生活情况调查[J]. 教育与职业, 2014(4): 38-40. LU Y L, ZHANG Q Y. Investigation on the holiday life of college students[J]. Educ Vocat, 2014(4): 38-40. (in Chinese)
[26]	汪容佳, 武宝爱, 郜艳晖, 等. 儿童青少年24 h活动行为与肥胖相关指标的关系[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2023, 44(1): 28-31. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.01.006 WANG R J, WU B A, GAO Y H, et al. Relationship between 24-hour movement behavior and obesity indicators in children and adolescents[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2023, 44(1): 28-31. (in Chinese) doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.01.006
[27]	DURACCIO K M, KRIETSCH K N, CHARDON M L, et al. Poor sleep and adolescent obesity risk: a narrative review of potential mechanisms[J]. Adolesc Health Med Ther, 2019, 10(10): 117-130.
[28]	魏燕玲. 当代大学生闲暇生活的现实境遇、理性反思与应对策略[J]. 思想理论教育, 2021(9): 106-111. WEI Y L. The realistic situation, rational reflection and coping strategies of contemporary college students' leisure life[J]. Ideolog Theor Educ, 2021(9): 106-111. (in Chinese)
[29]	LIU W X, YUAN Q, ZENG N, et al. Relationships between college students' sedentary behavior, sleep quality, and body mass index[J]. Int J Enviton Res Public Health, 2021, 18(8): 3946-3955. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18083946
[30]	WENGREEN H J, MONCUR C. Change in diet, physical activity, and body weight among young-adults during the transition from high school to college[J]. Nutr J, 2009, 8(1): 32-38. doi: 10.1186/1475-2891-8-32
[31]	TAO K, LIU W X, XIONG S Y, et al. Associations between self-determined motivation, accelerometer-determined physical activity, and quality of life in Chinese college students[J]. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2019, 16(16): 2941-2955. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16162941
[32]	朱秀清. 拖延与大学生锻炼行为动机的中介效应[J]. 广州体育学院学报, 2019, 39(4): 81-85, 120. ZHU X Q. Influence of procrastination on exercise behavior of college students: an intermediary effect of exercise motivation[J]. J Guangzhou Sport Univ, 2019, 39(4): 81-85, 120. (in Chinese)
[33]	CHIM H Q, OUDE EGBRINK M G A, VAN GERVEN P W M, et al. Academic schedule and day-to-day variations in sedentary behavior and physical activity of university students[J]. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2020, 17(8): 2810-2825.