母亲育儿压力与学龄前儿童情绪行为问题发展轨迹的关联

吴峻; 李若瑜; 查金红; 周杨; 黄永玲; 万宇辉

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024263

母亲育儿压力与学龄前儿童情绪行为问题发展轨迹的关联

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024263

吴峻¹,
李若瑜¹,
查金红¹,
周杨²,
黄永玲³,
万宇辉^{1, 2, ,}

1.
安徽医科大学公共卫生学院儿少卫生与妇幼保健学系/出生人口健康教育部重点实验室/环境与人口健康安徽省重点实验室, 合肥 230032
2.
安徽医科大学公共卫生学院健康促进与行为科学系
3.
安徽省妇女儿童保健中心儿童保健科

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 82273652

安徽省自然科学基金项目 2208085Y23

详细信息

作者简介:
吴峻(2000-), 女, 安徽太湖人, 在读硕士, 主要研究方向为儿童心理健康

通讯作者:
万宇辉, E-mail: wyhayd@163.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R179 B844.1 G78
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-05-11
- 修回日期: 2024-06-07
- 网络出版日期: 2024-10-08
- 刊出日期: 2024-09-25

Association between maternal parenting stress and the trajectory of emotional and behavioral problems in preschool children

1.
Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health/MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle/Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health Across the Life Course, Anhui Medical University, Hefei (230032), Anhui Province, China

摘要

摘要: 目的探讨母亲育儿压力与学龄前儿童情绪行为问题(EBPs)变化轨迹的关联, 为促进学龄前儿童心理健康提供参考。方法 2021年6月, 采用分层整群随机与方便抽样相结合的方法, 抽取安徽省阜阳、芜湖和六安3座城市36所幼儿园中班儿童及母亲进行基线调查, 2021年12月进行第1次随访调查, 随后每6个月随访1次, 共随访3次, 纳入有效问卷2 160份。采用潜类别增长模型(LCGA)分析学龄前儿童EBPs发展轨迹, 通过多元Logistic回归模型探讨母亲育儿压力与学龄前儿童EBPs发展轨迹间的关联。结果学龄前儿童EBPs发展轨迹可划分为3组, 分别是低风险组(79.6%)、风险升高组(2.3%)及中风险组(18.1%)。控制性别、儿童每天视屏时间、母亲文化程度、母亲情绪症状(抑郁、压力、焦虑)、家庭结构等混杂因素后, 以低风险轨迹组为参考, 母亲育儿压力增高与学龄前儿童EBPs中风险轨迹组和风险升高轨迹组发生风险增加有关[OR值(95%CI)分别为1.06(1.05~1.06)，1.03(1.02~1.05)，P值均＜0.05]。结论学龄前儿童EBPs存在群体异质性, 母亲育儿压力增高是学龄前儿童出现更高风险EBPs发展轨迹的风险因素。提供缓解母亲育儿压力的针对性措施是促进学龄前儿童身心健康发展的重要途径。
- 母亲 /
- 压力 /
- 情绪 /
- 精神卫生 /
- 回归分析 /
- 儿童, 学龄前
Abstract: Objective To investige the association between maternal parenting stress and the trajectory of emotional and behavioral problems (EBPs) in preschool children, so as to provide a basis for promoting mental health of preschool children. Methods Using a stratified cluster random sampling and convenience sampling methods, a baseline survey was conducted in June 2021 among middle-class children at 36 kindergartens and their mothers, in three cities (Fuyang, Wuhu and Lu'an) in Anhui Province. The first follow-up survey was conducted in December 2021, then the follow-up survey was every 6 months for a total of three times, thus yielding 2 160 valid questionnaires. Latent class growth analysis (LCGA) was used to analyze the trajectory of preschool children's EBPs, and the association between maternal parenting stress and the development trajectory of preschool children's EBPs was analyzed with multiple Logistic regression models. Results The developmental trajectories of EBPs among preschool children were classified into three groups: low-risk group (79.6%), increasing risk group (2.3%) and moderate-risk group (18.1%). After controlling for relevant confounding factors, such as gender, children's daily video time, mothers' education, mothers' emotional symptoms (depression, stress, anxiety), family structure, with the low-risk group serving as the reference, maternal parenting stress was associated with elevated risk in both the moderate-risk and increasing risk groups of EBPs in preschool children [OR(95%CI)=1.06(1.05-1.06), 1.03(1.02-1.05), P < 0.05]. Conclusions There is a group heterogeneity in EBPs among preschool children. Increased maternal parenting stress is a risk factor for the EBPs among preschool children. Providing targeted measures to alleviate maternal parenting stress is an important way to promote the healthy development of preschool children.
- Mothers /
- Pressure /
- Emotions /
- Mental health /
- Regression analysis /
- Child, preschool
注释:

1) 利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。

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图 1 学龄前儿童EBPs发展轨迹

Figure 1. Development trajectory of EBPs in preschool children

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表 1 学龄前儿童EBPs潜类别增长模型信息适配指标

Table 1. Fit indicators for LCGA of EBPs among preschool children

组别	k值	AIC值	BIC值	aBIC值	Entropy值	P_LMR值	P_BLRT值	类别概率
Class1	5	37 114.38	37 142.77	37 126.88
Class2	8	36 221.99	36 267.41	36 242.00	0.78	＜0.01	＜0.01	0.79/0.21
Class3	11	35 977.43	36 039.89	36 004.94	0.85	＜0.01	＜0.01	0.78/0.02/0.20
Class4	14	35 758.99	35 838.48	35 794.00	0.75	＜0.01	＜0.01	0.38/0.08/0.02/0.52
Class5	17	35 665.70	35 762.22	35 708.21	0.75	＜0.01	＜0.01	0.02/0.43/0.02/0.13/0.40
Class6	20	35 624.50	35 738.06	35 674.52	0.77	0.31	＜0.01	0.41/0.01/0.02/0.40/0.03/0.13

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表 2 不同组别学龄前儿童EBPs发展轨迹分布比较

Table 2. Comparison of the distribution of EBPs development trajectories among different groups of preschool children

组别	选项	人数	低风险组	风险升高组	中风险组	χ²值	P值
性别	男	1 084	847(78.1)	21(1.9)	216(19.9)	5.42	0.07
	女	1 076	872(81.0)	28(2.6)	176(16.4)
独生子女	是	824	644(78.2)	13(1.6)	167(20.3)	6.44	0.04
	否	1 336	1 075(80.5)	36(2.7)	225(16.8)
平均每天视屏时间/h	≤1	1 192	1 004(84.2)	29(2.4)	159(13.3)	53.97	＜0.01
	＞1~2	799	607(76.0)	15(1.9)	177(22.2)
	＞2	169	108(63.9)	5(3.0)	56(33.1)
平均每天睡眠时间/h	≤10	990	769(77.7)	25(2.5)	196(19.8)	4.11	0.13
	＞10	1 170	950(81.2)	24(2.1)	196(16.8)
母亲文化程度	初中及以下	463	326(70.4)	13(2.8)	124(26.8)	38.49	＜0.01
	高中/中专	570	454(79.6)	8(1.4)	108(18.9)
	大专/本科及以上	1 127	939(83.3)	28(2.5)	160(14.2)
母亲抑郁症状	无	2 076	1 675(80.7)	46(2.2)	355(17.1)	41.08	＜0.01
	有	84	44(52.4)	3(3.6)	37(44.0)
母亲焦虑症状	无	2 004	1 638(81.7)	47(2.3)	319(15.9)	92.92	＜0.01
	有	156	81(51.9)	2(1.3)	73(46.8)
母亲压力症状	无	2 067	1 677(81.1)	46(2.2)	344(16.6)	74.83	＜0.01
	有	93	42(45.2)	3(3.2)	48(51.6)
家庭人均月收入/元	＜3 000	201	152(75.6)	6(3.0)	43(21.4)	2.36	0.67
	3 000~6 000	830	661(79.6)	19(2.3)	150(18.1)
	＞6 000	1 129	906(80.2)	24(2.1)	199(17.6)
家庭结构	大家庭	947	729(77.0)	31(3.3)	187(19.7)	16.87	＜0.01
	核心家庭	1 161	953(82.1)	18(1.6)	190(16.4)
	其他家庭	52	37(71.2)	0	15(28.8)
注：()内数字为构成比/%。

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