上海市临汾社区2019—2023年中小学生筛查性近视状况分析

顾月蓉; 陈睿阳; 万秋萍; 朱成玉; 王丽蒙; 胡宏

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024203

上海市临汾社区2019—2023年中小学生筛查性近视状况分析

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024203

1.
上海市静安区临汾路街道社区卫生服务中心预防保健科，200040
2.
上海中医药大学公共健康学院
3.
上海市静安区疾病预防控制中心生命统计与肿瘤伤害防治科
4.
上海市静安区临汾路街道社区卫生服务中心综合改革办公室
5.
上海市静安区疾病预防控制中心学校卫生与眼病防治科
6.
上海市静安区临汾路街道社区卫生服务中心医院办公室

详细信息

作者简介:
顾月蓉(1976-)，女，浙江海盐人，大学本科，主管营养师，主要从事学校卫生/公共卫生管理方面工作

陈睿阳(2000-)，女，上海市人，在读本科

通讯作者:
胡宏，E-mail：152156254@qq.com

利益冲突 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
顾月蓉与陈睿阳为共同第一作者。
中图分类号: R179 R778.1⁺¹ R193
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-03-08
- 修回日期: 2024-05-16
- 网络出版日期: 2024-07-27
- 刊出日期: 2024-07-25

Status of screening myopia among primary and middle school students in Linfen Community of Shanghai from 2019 to 2023

1.
Prevention and Health Care Department, Linfen Road Community Health Service Center, Jing'an District, Shanghai (200040), China

摘要

摘要: 目的通过对上海市临汾社区2019—2023年在校中小学生的筛查性近视情况的分析，从社区角度为中小学生近视防控提供参考依据。方法对上海市临汾社区2019—2023年所有小学(5所)、初中(2所)6~15岁在校生进行近视筛查。统计分析采用χ²检验和趋势χ²检验，应用曲线拟合模型拟合2019，2021，2023年中小学生筛查性近视随年龄增长速度模型。结果临汾社区2019—2023年中小学生总体筛查性近视率为55.17%；初中男生和女生筛查性近视率分别为79.43%和81.92%，差异有统计学意义(χ²=5.71，P=0.02)；2019，2021，2023年临汾社区中小学生筛查性近视率增长速度的峰值年龄逐渐前移，分别在为7岁(12.13%)、6岁(12.28%)、6岁(14.99%)；2023年学生筛查性近率视增长速度在8~12岁低于2019和2021年。结论临汾社区6~15岁中小学生筛查性近视率较高，初中女生高于男生，增长速度峰值前移，提示社区近视防控需重点关注学龄前儿童和青春期女生。
- 近视 /
- 患病率 /
- 学生 /
- 社区卫生服务
Abstract: Objective To analyze the prevalence and trend of screening myopia among primary and middle school students in Linfen Community of Shanghai from 2019 to 2023, so as to provide a reference for the prevention and control of myopia from the perspective of the community. Methods From 2019 to 2023, all primary(5) and middle(2) school students aged 6-15 years in Linfen Community of Shanghai were screened. Statistical analysis was performed using the Chi-square test and trend Chi-square test. The curve fitting model was used to fit the model of the increase rate of screening myopia among primary and middle school students in 2019, 2021 and 2023. Results The overall rate of screening myopia among primary and middle school students in Linfen community from 2019 to 2023 was 55.17%. The prevalence rate of screening myopia was 79.43% in boys and 81.92% in girls in middle school, and the difference was statistically significant (χ²=5.71, P=0.02). In 2019, 2021, and 2023, the peak age of screening myopia among primary and middle school students in Linfen Community gradually occurred earlier, at the age of 7(12.13%), 6(12.28%), and 6(14.99%) years old, respectively. The growth rate of screening myopia in students aged 8-12 years in 2023 was lower than that in 2019 and 2021. Conclusions The screening myopia rate of primary and middle school students aged 6-15 years in Linfen Community is relatively high, with primary school girls higher than boys, and growth spurt accelerates. It is suggested that prevention and control of myopia in the community should focus on preschool children and adolescent girls.
- Myopia /
- Prevalence /
- Students /
- Community health services
注释:

1) 利益冲突 所有作者声明无利益冲突。

2) 顾月蓉与陈睿阳为共同第一作者。

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图 1 不同年份中小学生筛查性近视率增长速度比较

Figure 1. Comparison of the growth rate of screening myopia rates in primary and middle school students among different years

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表 1 不同年龄中小学生2019—2023年筛查性近视率比较

Table 1. Comparison of screening myopia rate in primary and middle school students of different ages from 2019 to 2023

年龄/岁	2019		2020		2021		2022		2023		χ²值	P值
年龄/岁	人数	近视人数	人数	近视人数	人数	近视人数	人数	近视人数	人数	近视人数	χ²值	P值
6	223	30(13.45)	395	79(20.00)	312	52(16.67)	415	101(24.34)	320	56(17.50)	13.90	＜0.01
7	530	128(24.15)	553	171(30.92)	602	186(30.90)	461	167(36.23)	626	154(24.60)	25.62	＜0.01
8	493	173(35.09)	614	280(45.60)	543	224(41.25)	595	259(43.53)	451	175(38.80)	14.91	＜0.01
9	418	185(44.26)	496	260(52.42)	604	339(56.13)	537	298(55.49)	584	307(52.57)	16.49	＜0.01
10	388	246(63.40)	442	267(60.41)	490	294(60.00)	594	380(63.97)	541	329(60.81)	2.87	0.58
11	453	328(72.41)	295	202(68.47)	338	231(68.34)	367	243(66.21)	458	318(69.43)	3.92	0.42
12	377	288(76.39)	319	269(84.33)	250	194(77.60)	287	210(73.17)	276	194(70.29)	18.75	＜0.01
13	266	217(81.58)	314	265(84.39)	315	277(87.94)	240	185(77.08)	284	217(76.41)	18.54	＜0.01
14	256	224(87.50)	248	218(87.90)	310	265(85.48)	306	268(87.58)	237	193(81.43)	6.05	0.20
15	158	147(93.04)	90	83(92.22)	189	162(85.71)	115	94(81.74)	109	96(88.07)	10.56	0.03
合计	3 562	1 966(55.19)	3 766	2 094(55.60)	3 953	2 224(56.26)	3 917	2 205(56.29)	3 886	2 039(52.47)	15.64	＜0.01
χ²值	872.17		755.87		777.60		543.56		689.13
P值	＜0.01		＜0.01		＜0.01		＜0.01		＜0.01
注： ()内数字为筛查性近视率/%。

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表 2 临汾社区中小学生筛查性近视检出率2019，2020和2023年拟合值和测量值/%

Table 2. The fitted and measured values of screening myopia detection rate of primary and middle school students in Linfen community in 2019, 2021, and 2023/%

年龄/岁	2019			2021			2023
年龄/岁	拟合值	测量值	差值	拟合值	测量值	差值	拟合值	测量值	差值
6	12.38	13.45	-1.07	17.63	16.67	0.96	14.78	17.50	-2.72
7	24.50	24.15	0.35	29.80	30.90	-1.10	28.68	24.60	4.08
8	36.54	35.09	1.45	41.56	41.25	0.31	40.55	38.80	1.75
9	48.17	44.26	3.91	52.59	56.13	-3.53	50.64	52.57	-1.93
10	59.07	63.40	-4.33	62.60	60.00	2.60	59.17	60.81	-1.64
11	68.93	72.41	-3.48	71.27	68.34	2.93	66.38	69.43	-3.06
12	77.42	76.39	1.02	78.29	77.60	0.69	72.49	70.29	2.20
13	84.22	81.58	2.64	83.36	87.94	-4.57	77.74	76.41	1.33
14	89.01	87.50	1.51	86.17	85.48	0.69	82.36	81.43	0.93
15	91.47	93.04	-1.57	86.41	85.71	0.70	86.59	88.07	-1.48

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