儿童青少年生活方式与不同部位脂肪质量指数的关联

马奇; 陈曼曼; 马莹; 高迪; 李艳辉; 董彦会; 马军; 星一

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024201

儿童青少年生活方式与不同部位脂肪质量指数的关联

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024201

马奇¹,
陈曼曼²,
马莹³,
高迪⁴,
李艳辉⁵,
董彦会¹,
马军¹,
星一^1, ,

1.
北京大学公共卫生学院/儿童青少年卫生研究所，北京 100191
2.
中国医学科学院北京协和医学院群医学及公共卫生学院
3.
北京市疾病预防控制中心免疫预防所
4.
北京大学第一人民医院妇产科
5.
北京大学护理学院

基金项目:

2012年卫生公益性行业科研专项项目 201202010

国家自然科学基金项目 91846302

详细信息

作者简介:
马奇(1997-)，女，云南省人，在读硕士，主要研究方向为儿童青少年生长发育及影响因素

通讯作者:
星一，E-mail：cyrss@126.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R179 D432.7 R723.14 Q493.5
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-03-05
- 修回日期: 2024-05-06
- 网络出版日期: 2024-07-27
- 刊出日期: 2024-07-25

Association between lifestyle and fat mass index in different positions of children and adolescents

MA Qi¹,
CHEN Manman²,
MA Ying³,
GAO Di⁴,
LI Yanhui⁵,
DONG Yanhui¹,
MA Jun¹,
XING Yi^{1
, ,}

1.
School of Public Health/Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, Peking University, Beijing (100191), China

摘要

摘要: 目的分析7~18岁儿童青少年生活方式与身体不同部位脂肪质量指数(FMI)的关联，为促进中国儿童青少年健康提供科学依据。方法 2020年9—12月和2022年8月，采用立意抽样方法从北京市通州区4所学校抽取1 531名7~18岁学生。问卷调查收集生活方式信息，包括饮食、中高强度体力活动、吸烟饮酒行为、睡眠时长和睡眠质量；双能X射线骨密度仪采集不同部位脂肪含量，计算全身、腹部、躯干、大腿、臀部和上肢FMI。采用t检验和χ²检验进行组间比较，Logistic回归分析生活方式与不同部位FMI的关联。结果与健康生活方式组相比，不健康生活方式组高-躯干FMI的风险更高(OR=1.40，P < 0.05)。调整性别和年龄后，与健康生活方式组相比，不健康生活方式组高-总FMI、高-腹部FMI和高-躯干FMI的风险更高(OR值分别为1.37，1.37，1.50，P值均 < 0.05)。分层分析后，仅在7~12岁女生中不健康生活方式与高-总FMI、高-腹部FMI、高-躯干FMI和高-大腿FMI关联有统计学意义(OR值分别为2.13，2.46，2.13，2.13，P值均 < 0.05)。结论不健康生活方式与全身、腹部和躯干脂肪增高有关。在青春期尤其是青春期之前保持健康生活方式，有助于儿童青少年减少全身脂肪，促进其体成分均衡分布。
- 生活方式 /
- 脂肪质量指数 /
- 生长和发育 /
- 回归分析 /
- 儿童 /
- 青少年
Abstract: Objective To explore the association between lifestyle and fat mass index (FMI) in different positions of children and adolescents aged 7-18, so as to provide a scientific basis for health promotion in children and adolescents. Methods A total of 1 531 students aged 7-18 was selected by intentional sampling from 4 schools in Tongzhou District, Beijing from September to December in 2020 and August in 2022. Questionnaire survey was used to collect lifestyle including dietary behavior, moderate to vigorous physical activity, smoke and drink behaviors, sleep time and sleep quality. Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry was employed to assess fat mass, and calculated total, android, trunk, hip, gynoid and leg fat mass index (FMI). The t-test and Chi-square test were used to compare the differences of different lifestyle. Logistic regression was used to analysis association between lifestyle and body composition in different positions. Results Compared with healthy lifestyle, unhealthy lifestyle had higher risk for high-trunk FMI (OR=1.40, P < 0.05). After adjusted for sex and age, unhealthy lifestyle had higher risk for high-total FMI, high-android FMI, high-trunk FMI (OR=1.37, 1.37, 1.50, P < 0.05), compared with healthy lifestyle. Stratified analysis found the associations between unhealthy lifestyle and high-total FMI, high-android FMI, high-trunk FMI, and high-thigh FMI were only significant in girls with 7-12 years old (OR=2.13, 2.46, 2.13, 2.13, P < 0.05). Conclusions Unhealthy lifestyle is associated with high-total FMI, high-android FMI and high-trunk FMI. A healthy lifestyle should be maintained during puberty, especially before puberty, to help children and adolescents reduce body fat and promote a balanced distribution of body composition.
- Life style /
- Fat mass index /
- Growth and development /
- Regression analysis /
- Child /
- Adolescent
注释:

1) 利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。

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表 1 不同生活方式儿童青少年BMI和FMI比较[M(P₂₅，P₇₅), kg/m²]

Table 1. Comparison BMI and FMI of children and adolescents in different lifestyles[M(P₂₅, P₇₅), kg/m²]

生活方式	人数	BMI	总FMI	腹部FMI	躯干FMI	臀部FMI	上肢FMI	大腿FMI
健康	1 203	19.45(16.83, 22.71)	5.55(3.98, 7.76)	0.30(0.17, 0.51)	2.31(1.50, 3.55)	0.96(0.65, 1.31)	0.65(0.50, 0.90)	2.19(1.63, 2.93)
不健康	328	21.12(18.70, 24.73)	6.15(4.54, 8.70)	0.37(0.22, 0.63)	2.76(1.86, 4.23)	1.12(0.80, 1.48)	0.72(0.53, 0.97)	2.38(1.76, 3.19)
合计	1 531	19.77(17.25, 23.13)	5.68(4.08, 7.95)	0.31(0.18, 0.53)	2.41(1.55, 3.70)	0.99(0.68, 1.33)	0.67(0.50, 0.92)	2.24(1.65, 2.97)
Z值		-7.21	-3.65	-4.41	-4.85	-4.91	-2.97	-2.51
P值		< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01

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表 2 儿童青少年生活方式与不同部位高-FMI的关联[OR值(95%CI)，n=1 534]

Table 2. Association between lifestyle and high FMI in different positions among children and adolescents [OR(95%CI), n=1 534]

自变量	模型1	模型2
高-总FMI	1.30(0.99~1.71)	1.37(1.02~1.84)^*
高-腹部FMI	1.30(0.99~1.71)	1.37(1.02~1.84)^*
高-躯干FMI	1.40(1.07~1.84)^*	1.50(1.12~2.01)^*
高-臀部FMI	1.23(0.94~1.61)	1.28(0.95~1.72)
高-上肢FMI	1.23(0.94~1.61)	1.28(0.95~1.72)
高-大腿FMI	1.16(0.88~1.52)	1.19(0.89~1.61)
注： *P < 0.05。

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表 3 儿童青少年生活方式与高-FMI关联分性别和年龄分层分析[OR值(95%CI)]

Table 3. Association between lifestyle and high FMI in children and adolescents stratified by gender and age[OR(95%CI)]

体成分指标	性别		年龄
体成分指标	男生(n=776)	女生(n=755)	7~12岁(n=741)	13~15岁(n=458)	16~18岁(n=332)
高-总FMI	1.18(0.76~1.81)	1.57(1.05~2.36)^*	1.80(1.01~3.21)^*	1.36(0.87~2.15)	1.13(0.68~1.86)
高-腹部FMI	1.07(0.69~1.65)	1.71(1.14~2.57)^*	1.80(1.01~3.21)^*	1.22(0.78~1.93)	1.28(0.78~2.12)
高-躯干FMI	1.24(0.80~1.90)	1.79(1.19~2.68)^*	1.80(1.01~3.21)^*	1.36(0.87~2.15)	1.46(0.89~2.41)
高-臀部FMI	1.18(0.76~1.81)	1.38(0.92~2.08)	1.50(0.83~2.72)	1.22(0.78~1.93)	1.20(0.73~1.98)
高-上肢FMI	1.18(0.76~1.81)	1.38(0.92~2.08)	1.64(0.92~2.95)	1.10(0.69~1.74)	1.28(0.78~2.12)
高-大腿FMI	1.02(0.66~1.57)	1.38(0.92~2.08)	1.64(0.92~2.95)	0.98(0.62~1.56)	1.20(0.73~1.98)
注：分性别的模型调整年龄；分年龄的模型调整性别；*P < 0.05。

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表 4 不同性别儿童青少年生活方式与高-FMI关联按年龄分层分析[OR值(95%CI)]

Table 4. Association between lifestyle and high FMI stratified by age in children and adolescents with different gender[OR(95%CI)]

性别	自变量	7~12岁	13~15岁	16~18岁
男生	高-总FMI	1.49(0.58~3.82)	1.21(0.62~2.35)	1.04(0.52~2.10)
(n=776)	高-腹部FMI	1.18(0.44~3.13)	1.07(0.55~2.10)	1.04(0.52~2.10)
	高-躯干FMI	1.49(0.58~3.82)	1.21(0.62~2.35)	1.18(0.59~2.38)
	高-臀部FMI	1.49(0.58~3.82)	1.07(0.55~2.10)	1.18(0.59~2.38)
	高-上肢FMI	1.49(0.58~3.82)	0.95(0.48~1.88)	1.34(0.67~2.69)
	高-大腿FMI	1.18(0.44~3.13)	0.95(0.48~1.88)	1.04(0.52~2.10)
女生	高-总FMI	2.13(1.01~4.50)^*	1.51(0.81~2.81)	1.22(0.60~2.51)
(n=755)	高-腹部FMI	2.46(1.17~5.17)^*	1.37(0.73~2.55)	1.60(0.78~3.31)
	高-躯干FMI	2.13(1.01~4.50)^*	1.51(0.81~2.81)	1.84(0.89~3.81)
	高-臀部FMI	1.58(0.73~3.41)	1.37(0.73~2.55)	1.22(0.60~2.51)
	高-上肢FMI	1.84(0.86~3.92)	1.23(0.66~2.31)	1.22(0.60~2.51)
	高-大腿FMI	2.13(1.01~4.50)^*	1.00(0.53~1.90)	1.40(0.68~2.88)
注： *P < 0.05。

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