Effects of high-intensity interval training on adipokines in obese male college students
-
摘要:
目的 探讨8周高强度间歇训练(HIIT)对肥胖男大学生身体形态和脂肪因子的影响，为肥胖大学生的运动减肥提供实践参考。 方法 2022年3月在青岛市中国石油大学(华东)按照体质量指数(BMI)≥28 kg/m2的标准招募肥胖男大学生30名[年龄(20.10±0.55)岁]，于2022年4月11日到6月10日进行8周HIIT干预，每周干预3次(周一、周三、周五)，每次为16：30—17：30，干预前后测量被试的身体成分以及脂肪因子含量。运动干预前后指标的比较采用配对样本t检验及单因素重复测量方差分析，变量间的关联性检验采用Pearson相关性分析。 结果 干预8周后，肥胖男大学生BMI、腰围和体脂量分别由(31.36±4.41)kg/m2、(107.52±9.66)cm和(28.04±5.79)kg降至(30.40±4.37)kg/m2、(100.67±8.29)cm和(22.56±5.22)kg(t值分别为3.84，8.02，9.29)；去脂体重指数由(70.19±5.54)kg/m2上升至(75.34±5.25)kg/m2(t=-8.65)(P值均 < 0.01)。干预前、干预第4周和干预第8周瘦素、脂联素和鸢尾素水平差异均有统计学意义(F值分别为26.05，35.62，4.95，P值均 < 0.05)；网膜素水平差异无统计学意义(F=3.62，P>0.05)。 结论 8周HIIT能有效改善肥胖男大学生的身体形态，影响体内脂肪因子的作用效能。可在运动锻炼中适时增加HIIT，以改善肥胖大学生的健康状况。 Abstract:Objective To explore the effects of 8-week high-intensity interval training on body shape and adipokines of obese male college students, so as to provide practical reference for weight loss of obese college students. Methods A total of 30 male college students [age (20.10±0.55)years] with body mass index (BMI) ≥28 kg/m2 were recruited in March 2022 at China University of Petroleum (East China). The 8-week high-intensity interval training (HIIT) intervention was conducted from 11 April to 10 June 2022, 3 times a week (Monday, Wednesday, Friday), each time for 16:30-17:30. Body composition and adipokine levels were assessed before and after the intervention. All indicators were compared by paired-samples t-tests and single factor repeated measurement analysis of variance before and after intervention, and Pearson correlation analyses were used to test for associations between variables. Results After 8 weeks of intervention, BMI, waist circumference and body fat of obese male college students decreased from (31.36±4.41)kg/m2, (107.52±9.66)cm and (28.04±5.79)kg to (30.40±4.37)kg/m2, (100.67±8.29)cm and (22.56±5.22)kg, respectively (t=3.84, 8.02, 9.29). Fat-free body mass index increased from (70.19±5.54)kg/m2 to (75.34±5.25)kg/m2 (t=-8.65) (P < 0.01). There were statistically significant differences in the levels of Leptin, Adiponectin, and Irisin before intervention, at week 4 and at week 8 (F=26.05, 35.62, 4.95, P < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the content of reticulin (F=3.62, P>0.05). Conclusions The 8-week of HIIT can effectively improve body shape of obese male college students and affect the effects of adipokines in the body. HIIT can be added to sports exercise to improve the health status of obese college students. -
Key words:
- Physical education and training /
- Obesity /
- Adipokines /
- Students /
- Male
1) 利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。 -
表 1 肥胖男大学生高强度间歇训练内容
Table 1. High-intensity interval training content of obese male college students
干预前后 时间 训练内容 准备活动 增加兴奋性的体育游戏(如贴膏药5 min)+徒手操以及柔韧性练习(5 min) 训练干预 第1周 开合跳+仰卧屈膝两头起+宽距深蹲前抬腿+支撑开合跳+跳跃箭步+蹲+仰卧后撑抬腿+向后箭步蹲+支撑小腿后侧拉伸；4组 第2周 同第1周 第3周 开合跳+仰卧屈膝两头起+宽距深蹲前抬腿+支撑开合跳+跳跃箭+步蹲+仰卧后撑抬腿+向后箭步蹲+支撑小腿后侧拉伸；6组 第4周 同第3周 第5周 开合跳+高抬腿+波比跳+卷腹+平板支撑+弓箭步跳+原地登山跑+支撑小腿后侧拉伸；4组 第6周 同第5周 第7周 开合跳+高抬腿+波比跳+卷腹+平板支撑+弓箭步跳+原地登山跑+支撑小腿后侧拉伸；6组 第8周 同第7周 整理活动 呼吸放松(5 min)+局部拉伸组合(大腿后侧肌群+大腿前侧肌群+腹部肌群10 min)+双人按摩放松整理(5 min) 注：采用靶心率(target heart rate, THR)衡量受试者的运动强度，THR=HRmax×运动强度。 
下载: 导出CSV
表 2 肥胖男大学生HIIT干预前后身体成分指标比较(x±s)
Table 2. Comparison of body composition of obese male college students before and after HIIT(x±s)
干预前后 人数 BMI/(kg·m-2) 体脂量/kg 体脂百分比/% 腰围/cm FFMI/(kg·m-2) 干预前 30 31.36±4.41 28.04±5.79 29.81±5.54 107.52±9.66 70.19±5.54 干预后 30 30.40±4.37 22.56±5.22 24.66±5.25 100.67±8.29 75.34±5.25 t值 3.84 9.29 8.65 8.02 -8.65 P值 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01
下载: 导出CSV
表 3 肥胖男大学生HIIT干预前后脂肪因子水平比较(x±s，ng/mL)
Table 3. Comparison of adipokines changes of obese male college students before and after HIIT(x±s, ng/mL)
时间 人数 瘦素 脂联素 鸢尾素 网膜素 干预前 30 5.85±3.26 5.64±2.80 4.52±3.26 3.66±2.58 干预4周 30 4.46±2.60 4.47±2.36 4.33±2.62 4.95±2.86 干预8周 30 4.13±2.62 4.01±2.19 5.13±3.00 4.76±2.93 F值 26.05 35.62 4.95 3.62 P值 < 0.01 < 0.01 0.02 0.06
下载: 导出CSV
表 4 肥胖男大学生HIIT干预前后脂肪因子变化量与身体成分指标变化量的相关性(r值，n=30)
Table 4. Correlation between the values of changes in adipokines and the amount of changes in body composition indicators before and after HIIT (r, n=30)
指标 Δ瘦素 Δ网膜素 Δ脂联素 Δ鸢尾素 Δ体脂量 0.52** -0.09 0.16 -0.43* Δ体脂百分比 0.42* -0.07 0.03 -0.48** Δ瘦体重百分比 0.23 -0.24 0.31 0.22 Δ腰围 0.54** -0.08 0.19 -0.39* ΔBMI 0.17 -0.07 0.27 0.19 ΔFFMI -0.20 -0.00 0.16 0.53** 注： *P < 0.05，**P < 0.01；Δ均为干预前与干预第8周差值。
下载: 导出CSV
-
[1] SELLAYAH D, BHARAJ P, SIKDER D. Orexin is required for brown adipose tissue development, differentiation, and function[J]. Cell Metab, 2011, 14(4): 478-490. doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2011.08.010 [2] 国家疾病预防控制局. 中国居民营养与慢性病状况报告(2022)[M]. 北京: 人民卫生出版社, 2022: 21-31.National Disease Control and Prevention Administration. Report on nutrition and chronic disease status of Chinese residents (2022)[M]. Beijing: People's Medical Publishing House, 2022: 21-31. (in Chinese) [3] 周鸣. 有氧运动对肥胖大学生部分心血管疾病危险因素的影响[D]. 南昌: 华东交通大学, 2017.ZHOU M. Effects of aerobic exercise on part of cardiovascular disease risk factors for obesity college students[D]. Nanchang: East China Jiaotong University, 2017. (in Chinese) [4] 中华人民共和国国务院. 关于实施健康中国行动的意见[EB/OL]. (2019-07-15)[2020-05-10]. http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/content/2019-07/15/content_5409492.htm .State Council of the PRC. Opinions of the implementation of healthy China action[EB/OL]. (2019-07-15)[2020-05-10].http://www.gov.cn/zhengce/content/2019-07/15/content_5409492.htm . (in Chinese)[5] 齐玉刚, 王津, 徐冬青. 有氧抗阻结合与单纯有氧运动减重干预的对比研究[J]. 天津体育学院学报, 2020, 35(5): 541-544. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TJTY202005010.htmQI Y G, WANG J, XU D Q. Comparison of the effects of aerobic-resistance and aerobic training on body weight control in female university students with obesity[J]. J Tianjin Univ Sport, 2020, 35(5): 541-544. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-TJTY202005010.htm [6] LOPER C A, DA SILVA D F, BIANCHINI J A A, et al. Effect of water-versus land-based exercise training as a component of a multidisciplinary intervention program for overweight and obese adolescents[J]. Physiol Behav, 2016, 165(12): 365-373. [7] NOURSE S E, OLSON I, POPAT R A, et al. Live video diet and exercise intervention in overweight and obese youth: adherence and cardiovascular health[J]. J Pediatr, 2015, 167(3): 533-539. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2015.06.015 [8] 孙文新, 秦曼, 李丽丽, 等. 高强度间歇训练对超重肥胖女大学生减脂效果的Meta分析[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2021, 42(10): 1480-1486. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.10.009SUN W X, QIN M, LI L L, et al. Effects of high-intensity interval training on fat loss in overweight and obese female college students: a Meta-analysis[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2021, 42(10): 1480-1486. (in Chinese) doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.10.009 [9] BOGATAJ Š, TRAJKOVI N, CADENAS-SANCHEZ C, et al. Effects of school-based exercise and nutrition intervention on body composition and physical fitness in overweight adolescent girls[J]. Nutrients, 2021, 13(1): 238. doi: 10.3390/nu13010238 [10] 中华人民共和国教育部关于印发《国家学生体质健康标准(2014年修订)》的通知[EB/OL]. (2014-07-08)[2023-12-15]. http://www.moe.gov.cn/s78/A17/twys_left/moe_938/moe_792/s3273/201407/t20140708_171692.html .Notice of the Ministry of Education of the PRC on the issuance of the National Physical Health Standards for Students(2014 Revision)[EB/OL]. (2014-07-08)[2023-12-15].http://www.moe.gov.cn/s78/A17/twys_left/moe_938/moe_792/s3273/201407/t20140708_171692.html . (in Chinese)[11] LUO Y, ZHOU L, LI Y, et al. Fat-free mass index for evaluating the nutritional status and disease severity in COPD[J]. Respir Care, 2016, 61(5): 680-688. doi: 10.4187/respcare.04358 [12] HU W, LI M, SUN W, et al. Hirsutine ameliorates hepatic and cardiac insulin resistance in high-fat diet-induced diabetic mice and in vitro models[J]. Pharmacol Res, 2022, 177(3): 105917. [13] 曹甍, 唐玉成, 李抒, 等. 高强度间歇训练对肥胖儿童身体成分、心肺适能和血液指标的影响[J]. 中国运动医学杂志, 2022, 41(2): 109-117. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YDYX202202005.htmCAO M, TANG Y C, LI S, et al. Effects of high-intensity interval training on body composition cardiorespiratory fitness and blood indicators of children with obesity: a randomized controlled trial[J]. Chin J Sports Med, 2022, 41(2): 109-117. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YDYX202202005.htm [14] MAUNDER A, BESSELL E, LAUCHE R, et al. Effectiveness of her-bal medicines for weight loss: a systematic review and Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials[J]. Diabetes Obes Metab, 2020, 22(6): 891-903. doi: 10.1111/dom.13973 [15] SAUKKONEN T, MUTT S J, JOKELAINEN J, et al. Adipokines and inflammatory markers in elderly subjects with high risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease[J]. Sci Rep, 2018, 8(1): 12816. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-31144-8 [16] 杜苏苏, 彭璐婷, 武苏, 等. 肥胖儿童青少年血清脂肪因子与其代谢特征的相关性研究[J]. 中国循证儿科杂志, 2019, 14(5): 374-379. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XZEK201905012.htmDU S S, PENG L T, WU S, et al. Correlation between serum adipokines and metabolic characteristics in obese children and adolescents[J]. Chin J Evid Based Pediatr, 2019, 14(5): 374-379. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XZEK201905012.htm [17] CHEN Y, DING J, ZHAO Y F, et al. Irisin induces white adipose tissue browning in mice as assessed by magnetic resonance imaging[J]. Exp Biol Med, 2021, 246(14): 1597-1606. doi: 10.1177/15353702211006049 [18] 陈明贤, 左群. 鸢尾素与骨代谢研究进展[J]. 中国骨质疏松杂志, 2024, 30(5): 739-744. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-7108.2024.05.021CHEN M X, ZUO Q. Research progress in Irisin and bone metabolism[J]. Chin J Osteoporos, 2024, 30(5): 739-744. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-7108.2024.05.021 [19] HAGHIGHI A H, HAJINIA M, ASKARI R, et al. Effect of high-intensity interval training and high-intensity resistance training on Irisin and fibroblast growth factor 21 in men with overweight and obesity[J]. Can J Physiol Pharmacol, 2022, 100(9): 937-944. doi: 10.1139/cjpp-2021-0712 [20] ZHOU W, SHI Y, WANG H, et al. Exercise-induced FNDC5/Irisin protects nucleus pulposus cells against senescence and apoptosis by activating autophagy[J]. Exp Mol Med, 2022, 54(7): 1038-1048. doi: 10.1038/s12276-022-00811-2 [21] 尚文进. 水中运动对肥胖中学男生脂代谢身体成分和外周鸢尾素水平的影响[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2023, 44(6): 919-924. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.06.028SHANG W J. Effects of aquatic exercise on lipid metabolism, body composition and peripheral blood Irisin level in obese middle school boys[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2023, 44(6): 919-924. (in Chinese) doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.06.028 [22] TSUCHIYA Y, ANDO D, GOTO K, et al. High-intensity exercise causes greater Irisin response compared with low-intensity exercise under similar energy consumption[J]. Tohoku J Exp Med, 2014, 233(2): 135-140. doi: 10.1620/tjem.233.135 [23] RABIEE F, LACHINANI L, GHAEDI S, et al. New insights into the cellular activities of FNDC5/Irisin and its signaling pathways[J]. Cell Biosci, 2020, 10: 51. doi: 10.1186/s13578-020-00413-3 [24] 彭道娟, 马炎, 王安素, 等. 骨骼肌减少症与不同生物指标相关性的研究进展[J]. 护理研究, 2023, 37(2): 240-246. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SXHZ202302010.htmPENG D J, MA Y, WANG A S, et al. Research progress on correlation between sarcopenia and different biological indexes[J]. Chin Nurs Res, 2023, 37(2): 240-246. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SXHZ202302010.htm [25] OUERGHI N, BEN FRADJ M K, BEZRATI I, et al. Effect of high-intensity interval training on plasma Omentin-1 concentration in overweight/obese and normal-weight youth[J]. Obes Facts, 2017, 10(4): 323-331. doi: 10.1159/000471882 [26] CASTRO C A, SILVA K A, ROCHA M C, et al. Exercise and omentin: their role in the crosstalk between muscle and adipose tissues in type 2 diabetes Mellitus rat models[J]. Front Physiol, 2018, 9: 1881. [27] 张之梁, 任华, 马燕, 等. 老年颈动脉硬化患者血清Vaspin、Apelin、网膜素1水平与糖脂代谢及骨密度的关系[J]. 疑难病杂志, 2020, 19(11): 1097-1101. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-6450.2020.11.004ZHANG Z L, REN H, MA Y, et al. The relationship between serum Vaspin, Apelin, Omentin-1 levels and glucose and lipid metabolism and bone mineral density in elderly patients with carotid atherosclerosis[J]. Chin J Diffic Complicated Cases, 2020, 19(11): 1097-1101. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-6450.2020.11.004 [28] 唐东辉, 刘润芝, 李娟, 等. 8周游泳运动干预对肥胖小鼠血管内皮功能的改善及其炎症机制[J]. 中国体育科技, 2016, 52(6): 86-91. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGTY201606014.htmTANG D H, LIU R Z, LI J, et al. The effect of 8-week swimming exercise on vascular endothelial function in obese mice and the mechanism related to inflammation[J]. China Sport Sci Technol, 2016, 52(6): 86-91. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGTY201606014.htm [29] 张国莉, 陈文鹤. 运动减肥对男性肥胖青少年血清脂联素和瘦素的影响[J]. 上海体育学院学报, 2009, 33(1): 56-58, 71. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-STYB200901013.htmZHANG G L, CHEN W H. Effect of weight-loss-aimed sports activities on male obese adolescents Adiponectin and Leptin[J]. J Shanghai Univ Sport, 2009, 33(1): 56-58, 71. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-STYB200901013.htm [30] NAMBI G, ALGHADIER M, ELNEGAMY T E, et al. Clinical (BMI and MRI) and biochemical (Adiponectin, Leptin, TNF-α, and IL-6) effects of high-intensity aerobic training with high-protein diet in children with obesity following COVID-19 infection[J]. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2022, 19(12): 7194. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19127194 [31] BHARATH L P, CHOI W W, CHO J M, et al. Combined resistance and aerobic exercise training reduces insulin resistance and central adiposity in adolescent girls who are obese: randomized clinical trial[J]. Eur J Appl Physiol, 2018, 118(8): 1653-1660. doi: 10.1007/s00421-018-3898-8 [32] LEE S S, YOO J H, SO Y S. Effect of the low-versus high-intensity exercise training on endoplasmic retic ulum stress and GLP-1 in adolescents with type 2 diabetes mellitus[J]. J Phys Ther Sci, 2015, 27(10): 3063-3068. doi: 10.1589/jpts.27.3063 [33] SHOKRI E, HEIDARIANPOUR A, RAZAVI Z. Positive effect of combined exercise on adipokines levels and pubertal signs in overweight and obese girls with central precocious puberty[J]. Lipids Health Dis, 2021, 20(1): 152-166. doi: 10.1186/s12944-021-01588-5 [34] SUN L, LI F H, LI T, et al. Effects of high-intensity interval training on adipose tissue lipolysis, inflammation, and metabolo-mics in aged rats[J]. Pflugers Arch, 2020, 472(2): 245-258. -
点击查看大图
表(4)
计量
- 文章访问数: 120
- HTML全文浏览量: 56
- PDF下载量: 16
- 被引次数: 0
