Effects of high-intensity interval training on adipokines in obese male college students
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摘要:
目的 探讨8周高强度间歇训练(HIIT)对肥胖男大学生身体形态和脂肪因子的影响，为肥胖大学生的运动减肥提供实践参考。 方法 2022年3月在青岛市中国石油大学(华东)按照体质量指数(BMI)≥28 kg/m2的标准招募肥胖男大学生30名[年龄(20.10±0.55)岁]，于2022年4月11日到6月10日进行8周HIIT干预，每周干预3次(周一、周三、周五)，每次为16：30—17：30，干预前后测量被试的身体成分以及脂肪因子含量。运动干预前后指标的比较采用配对样本t检验及单因素重复测量方差分析，变量间的关联性检验采用Pearson相关性分析。 结果 干预8周后，肥胖男大学生BMI、腰围和体脂量分别由(31.36±4.41)kg/m2、(107.52±9.66)cm和(28.04±5.79)kg降至(30.40±4.37)kg/m2、(100.67±8.29)cm和(22.56±5.22)kg(t值分别为3.84，8.02，9.29)；去脂体重指数由(70.19±5.54)kg/m2上升至(75.34±5.25)kg/m2(t=-8.65)(P值均 < 0.01)。干预前、干预第4周和干预第8周瘦素、脂联素和鸢尾素水平差异均有统计学意义(F值分别为26.05，35.62，4.95，P值均 < 0.05)；网膜素水平差异无统计学意义(F=3.62，P>0.05)。 结论 8周HIIT能有效改善肥胖男大学生的身体形态，影响体内脂肪因子的作用效能。可在运动锻炼中适时增加HIIT，以改善肥胖大学生的健康状况。 Abstract:Objective To explore the effects of 8-week high-intensity interval training on body shape and adipokines of obese male college students, so as to provide practical reference for weight loss of obese college students. Methods A total of 30 male college students [age (20.10±0.55)years] with body mass index (BMI) ≥28 kg/m2 were recruited in March 2022 at China University of Petroleum (East China). The 8-week high-intensity interval training (HIIT) intervention was conducted from 11 April to 10 June 2022, 3 times a week (Monday, Wednesday, Friday), each time for 16:30-17:30. Body composition and adipokine levels were assessed before and after the intervention. All indicators were compared by paired-samples t-tests and single factor repeated measurement analysis of variance before and after intervention, and Pearson correlation analyses were used to test for associations between variables. Results After 8 weeks of intervention, BMI, waist circumference and body fat of obese male college students decreased from (31.36±4.41)kg/m2, (107.52±9.66)cm and (28.04±5.79)kg to (30.40±4.37)kg/m2, (100.67±8.29)cm and (22.56±5.22)kg, respectively (t=3.84, 8.02, 9.29). Fat-free body mass index increased from (70.19±5.54)kg/m2 to (75.34±5.25)kg/m2 (t=-8.65) (P < 0.01). There were statistically significant differences in the levels of Leptin, Adiponectin, and Irisin before intervention, at week 4 and at week 8 (F=26.05, 35.62, 4.95, P < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the content of reticulin (F=3.62, P>0.05). Conclusions The 8-week of HIIT can effectively improve body shape of obese male college students and affect the effects of adipokines in the body. HIIT can be added to sports exercise to improve the health status of obese college students. -
Key words:
- Physical education and training /
- Obesity /
- Adipokines /
- Students /
- Male
1) 利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。 -
表 1 肥胖男大学生高强度间歇训练内容
Table 1. High-intensity interval training content of obese male college students
干预前后 时间 训练内容 准备活动 增加兴奋性的体育游戏(如贴膏药5 min)+徒手操以及柔韧性练习(5 min) 训练干预 第1周 开合跳+仰卧屈膝两头起+宽距深蹲前抬腿+支撑开合跳+跳跃箭步+蹲+仰卧后撑抬腿+向后箭步蹲+支撑小腿后侧拉伸；4组 第2周 同第1周 第3周 开合跳+仰卧屈膝两头起+宽距深蹲前抬腿+支撑开合跳+跳跃箭+步蹲+仰卧后撑抬腿+向后箭步蹲+支撑小腿后侧拉伸；6组 第4周 同第3周 第5周 开合跳+高抬腿+波比跳+卷腹+平板支撑+弓箭步跳+原地登山跑+支撑小腿后侧拉伸；4组 第6周 同第5周 第7周 开合跳+高抬腿+波比跳+卷腹+平板支撑+弓箭步跳+原地登山跑+支撑小腿后侧拉伸；6组 第8周 同第7周 整理活动 呼吸放松(5 min)+局部拉伸组合(大腿后侧肌群+大腿前侧肌群+腹部肌群10 min)+双人按摩放松整理(5 min) 注：采用靶心率(target heart rate, THR)衡量受试者的运动强度，THR=HRmax×运动强度。 
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表 2 肥胖男大学生HIIT干预前后身体成分指标比较(x±s)
Table 2. Comparison of body composition of obese male college students before and after HIIT(x±s)
干预前后 人数 BMI/(kg·m-2) 体脂量/kg 体脂百分比/% 腰围/cm FFMI/(kg·m-2) 干预前 30 31.36±4.41 28.04±5.79 29.81±5.54 107.52±9.66 70.19±5.54 干预后 30 30.40±4.37 22.56±5.22 24.66±5.25 100.67±8.29 75.34±5.25 t值 3.84 9.29 8.65 8.02 -8.65 P值 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01
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表 3 肥胖男大学生HIIT干预前后脂肪因子水平比较(x±s，ng/mL)
Table 3. Comparison of adipokines changes of obese male college students before and after HIIT(x±s, ng/mL)
时间 人数 瘦素 脂联素 鸢尾素 网膜素 干预前 30 5.85±3.26 5.64±2.80 4.52±3.26 3.66±2.58 干预4周 30 4.46±2.60 4.47±2.36 4.33±2.62 4.95±2.86 干预8周 30 4.13±2.62 4.01±2.19 5.13±3.00 4.76±2.93 F值 26.05 35.62 4.95 3.62 P值 < 0.01 < 0.01 0.02 0.06
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表 4 肥胖男大学生HIIT干预前后脂肪因子变化量与身体成分指标变化量的相关性(r值，n=30)
Table 4. Correlation between the values of changes in adipokines and the amount of changes in body composition indicators before and after HIIT (r, n=30)
指标 Δ瘦素 Δ网膜素 Δ脂联素 Δ鸢尾素 Δ体脂量 0.52** -0.09 0.16 -0.43* Δ体脂百分比 0.42* -0.07 0.03 -0.48** Δ瘦体重百分比 0.23 -0.24 0.31 0.22 Δ腰围 0.54** -0.08 0.19 -0.39* ΔBMI 0.17 -0.07 0.27 0.19 ΔFFMI -0.20 -0.00 0.16 0.53** 注： *P < 0.05，**P < 0.01；Δ均为干预前与干预第8周差值。
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