北京市中学生近视肥胖抑郁症状共患现状及相关因素分析

罗慧娟; 孙冰洁; 赵海; 陈东妮; 王路; 高若伊; 邝惠宁; 鄂博然; 郭欣

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024166

北京市中学生近视肥胖抑郁症状共患现状及相关因素分析

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024166

罗慧娟^{1, 2},
孙冰洁²,
赵海²,
陈东妮²,
王路²,
高若伊^{1, 2},
邝惠宁^{1, 2},
鄂博然^{1, 2},
郭欣^{1, 2, ,}

1.
首都医科大学公共卫生学院，北京 100069
2.
北京市疾病预防控制中心学校卫生所

基金项目:

北京市卫生健康委员会高层次公共卫生技术人才建设项目领军人才-01-09

详细信息

作者简介:
罗慧娟(1998-)，女，江西新余人，在读硕士，主要研究方向为学校卫生

孙冰洁(1980-)，女，四川成都人，主管医师，主要研究方向为学生常见病监测质量控制及防控干预

通讯作者:
郭欣，E-mail：gguoxin2000@126.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
罗慧娟和孙冰洁为共同第一作者。
中图分类号: R179 R778.1⁺¹ R723.14 G444
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-11-08
- 修回日期: 2024-03-11
- 网络出版日期: 2024-07-27
- 刊出日期: 2024-07-25

Analysis of the prevalence and related factors for comorbidity of myopia, obesity, and depression symptoms among middle school students in Beijing

LUO Huijuan^{1, 2},
SUN Bingjie²,
ZHAO Hai²,
CHEN Dongni²,
WANG Lu²,
GAO Ruoyi^{1, 2},
KUANG Huining^{1, 2},
E Boran^{1, 2},
GUO Xin^{1, 2
, ,}

1.
School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing (100069), China

摘要

摘要: 目的分析北京市中学生近视肥胖抑郁症状共患现状及其相关因素，为制定常见病公共卫生综合干预措施提供依据。方法于2022年10月采用分层整群随机抽样方法，从北京市16个区抽取11 262名初中、普通高中(普高)、职业高中(职高)在校学生开展自填式问卷调查，并进行体格检查和视力检查。分别采用χ²检验和二元Logistic回归模型分析近视肥胖抑郁症状共患检出率的组间差异和共患的相关因素，采用分层分析健康危险行为与共患的关联。结果 2022年北京市中学生近视肥胖抑郁症状共患检出率为3.35%，职高学生共患检出率(4.61%)高于初中学生(2.80%)和普高学生(3.41%)，郊区学生共患检出率(3.66%)高于城区学生(2.92%)，差异均有统计学意义(χ²值分别为15.02，4.63，P值均 < 0.05)。二元Logistic回归分析结果显示，存在不良饮食行为(OR=1.59)、视屏时间过长(OR=1.70)的中学生近视肥胖抑郁症状共患风险更高；无论男、女生，存在不良饮食行为(OR值分别为1.63，1.69)、视屏时间过长(OR值分别为1.45，2.23)均更易发生近视肥胖抑郁症状共患；初中和普高学生存在不良饮食行为(OR值分别为2.16，1.47)、视屏时间过长(OR值分别为2.20，1.63)均更易发生近视肥胖抑郁症状共患(P值均＜0.05)。结论北京市中学生近视肥胖抑郁症状共患现状不容乐观；学校和家长应集成合力，引导学生养成均衡饮食、适度视屏等健康行为，以达到共同控制近视、肥胖和抑郁症状的目的。
- 近视 /
- 肥胖症 /
- 抑郁 /
- 共病现象 /
- 回归分析 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective To analyze the current status and related factors of comorbidity of myopia, obesity, and depression symptoms among middle school students in Beijing, so as to provide a basis for comprehensive public health interventions for common diseases. Methods Through stratified cluster random sampling in October 2022, a total of 11 262 junior high school, senior high school, and vocational high school students in 16 districts of Beijing were surveyed with self-administered questionnaires, physical examinations and visual acuity examinations. The χ² test and binary Logistic regression model were used to analyze group differences in the comorbidity of myopia, obesity and depression symptoms and factors influencing the comorbidity. Stratified analysis was applied to analyze the associations between health risk behaviors and the comorbidity. Results The detection rate of comorbidity of myopia, obesity, and depression symptoms among middle school students in Beijing was 3.35%, the comorbidity rate among vocational high school students (4.61%) was higher than that in junior high school students (2.80%) and senior high school students (3.41%). The comorbidity rate was higher among students in suburban areas (3.66%) than that in urban areas (2.92%), and the differences was statistically significant (χ²=15.02, 4.63, P < 0.05). Binary Logistic regression analyses indicated that middle school students with poor dietary behaviors (OR=1.59) and excessive screen time (OR=1.70) were associated with elevated risk of comorbidity of myopia, obesity, and depression symptoms. Both boys and girls with poor dietary behaviors (OR=1.63, 1.69) and excessive screen time (OR=1.45, 2.23) had elevated likelihood of comorbidity of myopia, obesity and depression symptoms. Students in junior high school and senior high school with poor dietary behaviors (OR=2.16, 1.47) and excessive screen time (OR=2.20, 1.63) had elevated likelihood of comorbidity of myopia, obesity, and depression symptoms (P < 0.05). Conclusions The current status of comorbidity of myopia, obesity, and depression symptoms among middle school students in Beijing is concerning. Schools and parents should work together to guide students to develop healthy behaviors such as balanced diet and moderate video, in order to achieve the goal of controlling myopia, obesity and depression symptoms.
- Myopia /
- Obesity /
- Depression /
- Comorbidity /
- Regression analysis /
- Students
注释:

1) 利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。

2) 罗慧娟和孙冰洁为共同第一作者。

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表 1 不同组别北京市中学生近视肥胖抑郁症状检出率比较

Table 1. Comparison of detection rates of myopia, obesity and depression among middle school students in Beijing in different groups

组别	选项	人数	统计值	近视	肥胖	抑郁症状	共患
性别	男	5 887		4 491(76.29)	1 585(26.92)	1 013(17.21)	204(3.47)
	女	5 375		4 486(83.46)	947(17.62)	1 011(18.81)	173(3.22)
			χ²值	89.41	139.59	4.89	0.53
			P值	< 0.01	< 0.01	0.03	0.47
学段	初中	5 216		3 991(76.51)	1 219(23.37)	783(15.01)	146(2.80)
	普高	3 984		3 379(84.81)	801(20.11)	755(18.95)	136(3.41)
	职高	2 062		1 607(77.93)	512(24.83)	486(23.57)	95(4.61)
			χ²值	101.13	21.80	77.42	15.02
			P值	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01
民族	汉族	10 117		8 059(79.66)	2 272(22.46)	1 800(17.79)	337(3.33)
	其他民族	1 145		918(80.17)	260(22.71)	224(19.56)	40(3.49)
			χ²值	0.17	0.04	2.19	0.08
			P值	0.68	0.85	0.14	0.77
生源地	城区	4 789		3 907(81.58)	928(19.38)	829(17.31)	140(2.92)
	郊区	6 473		5 070(78.33)	1 604(24.78)	1 195(18.46)	237(3.66)
			χ²值	18.06	46.09	2.47	4.63
			P值	< 0.01	< 0.01	0.12	0.03
家庭结构	核心家庭	6 139		4 920(80.14)	1 339(21.81)	1 041(16.96)	198(3.23)
	非核心家庭	5 123		4 057(79.19)	1 193(23.29)	983(19.19)	179(3.49)
			χ²值	1.56	3.49	9.43	0.62
			P值	0.21	0.06	< 0.01	0.43
注： ()内数字为检出率/%。

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表 2 北京市中学生近视肥胖抑郁症状共患二元Logistic回归分析(n=11 262)

Table 2. Binary Logistic regression analysis of comorbidity of myopia, obesity and depression among middle school students in Beijing(n=11 262)

自变量	选项	β值	标准误	OR值(95%CI)	P值
性别	女	-0.10	0.11	0.90(0.73~1.11)	0.33
学段	普高	0.06	0.13	1.07(0.84~1.36)	0.61
	职高	0.18	0.15	1.20(0.90~1.60)	0.21
民族	其他	0.03	0.17	1.03(0.73~1.44)	0.88
生源地	郊区	0.21	0.11	1.24(1.00~1.54)	0.06
家庭结构	非核心家庭	0.01	0.11	1.01(0.82~1.25)	0.91
不良饮食行为	是	0.46	0.11	1.59(1.28~1.98)	＜0.01
缺乏锻炼行为	是	0.18	0.11	1.20(0.97~1.49)	0.10
视屏时间过长	是	0.53	0.11	1.70(1.37~2.12)	＜0.01

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表 3 北京市中学生近视肥胖抑郁症状共患与健康危险行为分层分析[OR值(95%CI)]

Table 3. Stratified analysis of comorbidity of myopia, obesity and depression and health risk behaviors among middle school students in Beijing[OR(95%CI)]

分层变量	选项	人数	不良饮食行为	视屏时间过长
性别	男	5 887	1.63(1.21~2.20)^**	1.45(1.09~1.94)^**
	女	5 375	1.69(1.24~2.32)^**	2.23(1.60~3.11)^**
学段	初中	5 216	2.16(1.55~3.01)^**	2.20(1.58~3.06)^**
	普高	3 984	1.47(1.03~2.08)^*	1.63(1.14~2.33)^**
	职高	2 062	1.62(0.80~1.97)	1.24(0.78~1.95)
注： P < 0.05，*P < 0.01。

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北京市中学生近视肥胖抑郁症状共患现状及相关因素分析

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024166

作者简介:
罗慧娟(1998-)，女，江西新余人，在读硕士，主要研究方向为学校卫生

孙冰洁(1980-)，女，四川成都人，主管医师，主要研究方向为学生常见病监测质量控制及防控干预

通讯作者:
郭欣，E-mail：gguoxin2000@126.com

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Analysis of the prevalence and related factors for comorbidity of myopia, obesity, and depression symptoms among middle school students in Beijing

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留言板

北京市中学生近视肥胖抑郁症状共患现状及相关因素分析

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024166

作者简介: 罗慧娟(1998-)，女，江西新余人，在读硕士，主要研究方向为学校卫生 孙冰洁(1980-)，女，四川成都人，主管医师，主要研究方向为学生常见病监测质量控制及防控干预

通讯作者: 郭欣，E-mail：gguoxin2000@126.com

计量

出版历程

Analysis of the prevalence and related factors for comorbidity of myopia, obesity, and depression symptoms among middle school students in Beijing

计量

出版历程

目录

作者简介:
罗慧娟(1998-)，女，江西新余人，在读硕士，主要研究方向为学校卫生

孙冰洁(1980-)，女，四川成都人，主管医师，主要研究方向为学生常见病监测质量控制及防控干预

通讯作者:
郭欣，E-mail：gguoxin2000@126.com