家庭第一代大学生孤独感与负性情绪症状调查

冯晖艳; 曾珠微; 罗晓红; 黄红清; 赵海鹏; 曾红

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024119

家庭第一代大学生孤独感与负性情绪症状调查

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024119

冯晖艳^{1, 2},
曾珠微¹,
罗晓红¹,
黄红清^{1, 3},
赵海鹏^{1, 2},
曾红^1, ,

1.
广州大学教育学院，广东 510006
2.
广州大学心理健康教育与咨询中心
3.
广东外语外贸大学心理健康教育与咨询中心

基金项目:

广东省高校思想政治教育课题项目 2023GXSZ053

广州市教育科学规划课题项目 202317500

详细信息

作者简介:
冯晖艳(1988-)，女，广东珠海人，硕士，讲师，主要研究方向为学生心理发展与教育

通讯作者:
曾红，E-mail: zhh0791@163.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R179 G444 G78 B842.6
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-11-07
- 修回日期: 2024-02-04
- 网络出版日期: 2024-04-25
- 刊出日期: 2024-04-25

Investigation on loneliness and negative emotional symptoms among first-generation college students in the family

FENG Huiyan^{1, 2},
ZENG Zhuwei¹,
LUO Xiaohong¹,
HUANG Hongqing^{1, 3},
ZHAO Haipeng^{1, 2},
ZENG Hong^{1
, ,}

1.
School of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou (510006), Guangdong Province, China

摘要

摘要: 目的了解家庭第一代大学生孤独感和负性情绪症状的现状及关系，为提升其心理健康水平提供参考。方法于2023年5月采用方便取样的方法选取广东省和云南省10所高校3 017名大学生，采用抑郁-焦虑-压力量表(DASS-21)和孤独感量表(ULS-6)对其进行问卷调查。结果家庭第一代大学生孤独感量表总分为(12.38±4.16)分，非家庭第一代大学生为(11.89±4.38)分，差异有统计学意义(t=2.79，P < 0.05)。家庭第一代大学生DASS-21量表总分为(71.13±26.97)分，非家庭第一代大学生为(70.20±26.66)分，差异有统计学意义(t=2.69，P < 0.05)。在家庭第一代大学生中，男生DASS-21量表总分(77.55±29.36)高于女生(70.43±25.03)，城镇学生孤独感得分和DASS-21量表总分(12.00±4.15，70.34±25.68)低于农村学生(12.62±4.15，74.93±27.63)，不同专业成绩排名在抑郁分量表上差异有统计学意义(t/F值分别为5.79，-3.42，-3.94，4.25，P值均 < 0.05)。家庭第一代大学生孤独感与抑郁、焦虑、压力及DASS-21量表得分之间均存在正相关(r值分别为0.64，0.62，0.64，0.66，P值均 < 0.01)。线性回归分析结果显示，孤独感与DASS-21量表各维度及总分均有正向关联，可解释负性情绪症状44%的变异量。结论家庭第一代大学生孤独感与负性情绪症状存在正相关。改善家庭第一代大学生的孤独感，有助于降低其负性情绪症状，提高心理健康水平。
- 孤独 /
- 情绪 /
- 精神卫生 /
- 回归分析 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective To investigate the current status and relationship between loneliness and negative emotional symptoms among first-generation college students in the family, so as to provide reference for improving mental health of this population. Methods A convenience sampling method was used to select 3 017 college students from 10 colleges and universities in Guangdong Province and Yunnan Province, China, in May 2023. Questionnaires were administered to the students, and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21) and the short-form of the University of California at Los Angeles Loneliness Scale (ULS-6) were employed. Results The total ULS-6 score of first-generation college students in the family was (12.38±4.16), while the score of non-first-generation college students in the family was (11.89±4.38), with a statistically significant difference (t=2.79, P < 0.05). The total DASS-21 score of first-generation college students in the family was (71.13±26.97), while the score of non-first-generation college students in the family was (70.20±26.66), with a statistically significant difference (t=2.69, P < 0.05). Among the first-generation college students in the family, male students experienced more DASS-21 score (77.55±29.36) than female students (70.43±25.03)(t=5.79, P < 0.05). Urban students (12.00±4.15, 70.34±25.68) reported lower levels of loneliness score and DASS-21 score than rural students (12.62±4.15, 74.93±27.63), and the depression subscale scores showed statistically significant differences among students with different professional achievement rankings (t/F=-3.42, -3.94, 4.25, P < 0.05). There was a positive correlation between loneliness, depression, anxiety, pressure and DASS-21 scales of first-generation college students in the family (r=0.64, 0.62, 0.64, 0.66,P < 0.01). The linear regression analysis results showed a positive correlation between loneliness and all dimensions and total scores of the DASS-21, explaining 44% of the variance in negative emotional symptoms. Conclusions A positive correlation is found between loneliness and negative emotional symptoms among first-generation college students in the family. Improving the loneliness of the first-generation college students in the family can reduce their negative emotional symptoms and improve their mental health level.
- Loneliness /
- Emotions /
- Mental health /
- Regression analysis /
- Students
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表 1 不同人口学特征家庭第一代大学生孤独感和负性情绪症状得分比较(x ± s)

Table 1. Comparison of scores for loneliness and negative emotional symptoms among first-generation college students in the family with different demographic characteristics(x ± s)

人口学指标	选项	人数	统计值	孤独感	抑郁	焦虑	压力	DASS-21总分
性别	男	821		12.57±4.32	25.29±10.28	25.32±9.96	26.96±9.96	77.55±29.36
	女	1 345		12.26±4.05	22.50±8.73	23.00±8.45	24.92±8.83	70.43±25.03
			t值	1.68	6.48	5.56	4.77	5.79
			P值	0.09	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01
生源地	城镇	850		12.00±4.15	22.69±8.98	22.90±8.67	24.74±9.06	70.34±25.68
	农村	1 316		12.62±4.15	24.12±9.69	24.51±9.35	26.30±9.45	74.93±27.63
			t值	-3.42	-3.49	-4.09	-3.81	-3.94
			P值	0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01	< 0.01
是否独生子女	是	304		12.29±4.57	22.97±9.83	23.57±9.72	25.07±9.97	71.61±28.54
	否	1 862		12.39±4.09	23.65±9.38	23.93±9.02	25.79±9.22	73.37±26.70
			t值	-0.35	-1.17	-0.63	-1.19	-1.06
			P值	0.73	0.24	0.53	0.24	0.29
专业成绩排名	≤10%	296		12.34±4.23	22.92±9.49	23.81±9.57	25.69±10.14	72.42±28.18
	>10%~25%	498		12.36±4.20	23.04±9.38	23.66±9.06	25.45±9.21	72.14±26.74
	>25%~50%	683		12.23±4.20	23.10±9.23	23.52±8.96	25.33±9.20	71.94±26.57
	>50%~75%	457		12.47±3.92	24.22±9.35	24.24±9.14	26.04±9.19	74.49±26.78
	>75%	232		12.71±4.32	25.53±10.04	24.81±9.07	26.59±9.15	76.93±27.18
			F值	0.65	4.25	1.13	1.04	2.00
			P值	0.63	< 0.01	0.34	0.39	0.09

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表 2 家庭第一代大学生孤独感对负性情绪症状的分层线性回归分析[β值(95%CI)，n=2 166]

Table 2. Hierarchical linear regression analysis of loneliness and negative emotional symptoms among first-generation college students in the family[β(95%CI), n=2 166]

模型层数	自变量	抑郁	焦虑	压力	DASS-21总分
第一层	性别	-2.29(-2.92~-1.65)^**	-1.93(-2.56~-1.30)^**	-1.63(-2.26~-1.00)^**	-5.84(-7.63~-4.06)^**
	生源地	0.36(-0.28~1.00)	0.73(0.09~1.36)^*	0.55(-0.08~1.19)	1.64(-0.15~3.43)
	是否为独生子女	0.83(-0.06~1.73)	0.34(-0.56~1.23)	0.70(-0.20~1.59)	1.86(-0.67~4.40)
	专业成绩排名	0.36(0.10~0.61)^**	0.02(-0.24~0.27)	0.01(-0.24~0.27)	0.38(-0.34~1.11)
第二层	孤独感	1.45(1.37~1.52)^**	1.34(1.27~1.41)^**	1.43(1.36~1.50)^**	4.22(4.02~4.42)^**
R²值		0.43	0.39	0.42	0.44
ΔR²值		0.40	0.37	0.41	0.42
F值		329.07^**	281.18^**	317.19^**	346.36^**
注：自变量中性别以男生、生源地以城镇、是否独生子女以是、专业成绩排名以≤10%为参照；P < 0.05，*P < 0.01。

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