12周脊柱健康体操对青少年高低肩的干预效果

杨俊; 斯光晏; 魏洋; 王奕

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024061

12周脊柱健康体操对青少年高低肩的干预效果

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024061

杨俊¹,
斯光晏^2, ,,
魏洋¹,
王奕³

1.
四川化工职业技术学院基础部，泸州 646000
2.
西南医科大学附属中医医院放射影像科
3.
四川省泸县建筑职业中专学校体育组

基金项目:

泸州市哲学社会科学研究规划课题 LZ23A110

详细信息

作者简介:
杨俊(1976-)，男，四川南充人，硕士，副教授，主要研究方向为体育教育、运动康复

通讯作者:
斯光晏，E-mail：Siguanyan@126.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R682.3 R179 G806
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-09-18
- 修回日期: 2023-12-17
- 网络出版日期: 2024-03-02
- 刊出日期: 2024-02-25

Intervention effect of 12 week spinal health gymnastics on high and low shoulder exercise in adolescents

YANG Jun¹,
SI Guangyan^{2
, ,},
WEI Yang¹,
WANG Yi³

1.
Basic Teaching Department, Sichuan Vocational College of Chemical Technology, Luzhou (646000), Sichuan Province, China

摘要

摘要: 目的研究12周脊柱健康操运动对青少年高低肩的干预效果，为探索简便易行的干预措施提供实证依据。方法 2023年2月，采用方便抽样方法选择泸州市某县一职业中学60名高低肩学生为研究对象，采用配对方法分成干预组与对照组(各30名)。干预组进行12周早操、大课间操时段脊柱健康体操干预，每天2次，每次2组; 对照组维持以往早操、大课间操项目练习。分别对干预组和对照组学生在干预前、干预12周后及停止干预4周后进行左右两侧肩峰高度差随访，采用t检验分析干预组与对照组两侧肩峰高度差变化。结果干预前，干预组[(2.50±1.19)cm]与对照组[(2.49±1.20)cm]青少年左右肩峰高度差值比较，差异无统计学意义(t=0.05，P>0.05)。干预12周后，干预组青少年左右两侧肩峰高度差值较干预前减少[(1.43±1.15，2.50±1.19)cm]，对照组较干预前增加[(2.58±1.19，2.49±1.20)cm]，差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为-78.17，20.15，P值均＜0.05)。停止干预4周后，干预组[(1.44±1.15)cm]和对照组[(2.59±1.18)cm]青少年左右两侧肩峰高度差值与干预12周后比较，差异均无统计意义(t值分别为1.80，1.05，P值均>0.05)。干预组[(2.49±1.26，2.52±1.16)(1.43±1.21，1.44±1.13)(1.44±1.21，1.45±1.14)cm]与对照组[(2.45±1.24，2.52±1.20)(2.55±1.24，2.61±1.18)(2.55±1.22，2.62±1.18)cm]在干预前、干预12周后、停止干预4周后，男、女生左右两侧肩峰高度差值比较，差异均无统计学意义(t值分别为-0.08，-0.03，-0.02；-0.15，-0.12，-0.15，P值均>0.05)。结论脊柱健康体操对矫正青少年高低肩效果较好。可在校园推广脊柱健康体操，以促进青少年姿态健康。
- 体育和训练 /
- 肩 /
- 干预性研究 /
- 生长和发育 /
- 青少年
Abstract: Objective To explore the intervention effect of 12 week spinal health exercise on adolescents' high and low shoulders, in order to provide empirical evidence for exploring simple and feasible measures to intervene. Methods In February 2023, 60 high and low shoulder students from a vocational high school in a certain county of Luzhou City were randomly selected as the research subjects by convenient sampling method. Paired sampling was used to randomly divide participants into an intervention group and a control group with 30 students each group. The intervention group received spinal health gymnastics intervention during 12 weeks of morning exercises and large break exercises for twice a day, with two groups each time; the control group maintained their previous morning exercises and large break exercises. A follow-up study was conducted on the height difference between the left and right shoulder peaks of the intervention group and the control group students before intervention, after 12 weeks intervention, at 4 weeks post-intervention. The t-test was used to analyze the changes in shoulder peak height difference between the intervention group and the control group. Results Before intervention, there was no statistically significant difference in the height of the left and right shoulder peaks between the intervention group [(2.50±1.19)cm] and the control group [(2.49±1.20)cm] adolescents (t=0.05, P>0.05). After 12 weeks of intervention, the difference in shoulder height between the left and right sides of adolescents in the intervention group decreased, compared to that before intervention [(1.43±1.15, 2.50±1.19)cm], while the control group increased compared to that before intervention [(2.58±1.19, 2.49±1.20) cm], and the differences were both statistically significant (t=-78.17, 20.15, P < 0.05). At 4 weeks post-intervention, there was no statistically significant difference in the height of the left and right shoulder peaks between the intervention group [(1.44±1.15)cm] and the control group [(2.59±1.18)cm] compared to 12 weeks after the intervention (t=1.80, 1.05, P>0.05). The intervention group [(2.49±1.26, 2.52±1.16) (1.43±1.21, 1.44±1.13) (1.44±1.21, 1.45±1.14)cm] and the control group [(2.45±1.24, 2.52±1.20) (2.55±1.24, 2.61±1.18) (2.55±1.22, 2.62±1.18)cm] showed no statistically significant difference in the height of the left and right shoulder peaks between males and females before intervention, after 12 weeks of intervention, and after stopping intervention for 4 weeks (t=-0.08, -0.03, -0.02; -0.15, -0.12, -0.15, P>0.05). Conclusions Spinal health gymnastics has a good effect on correcting high and low shoulders in adolescents. Spinal health gymnastics should be promoted on campus to promote adolescent posture health.
- Physical education and training /
- Shoulder /
- Intervention studies /
- Growth and development /
- Adolescent
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表 1 脊柱健康体操动作要领

Table 1. Key points of spinal health gymnastics movements

动作名称	技术动作要领
热身运动	原地踏步走。(4×8拍)
伸展运动	双臂伸直上举，双手手指交叉于头顶，提踵运动。(4×8拍)
抬肩运动	双臂屈于胸前与肩同平，身体向左、右转体时两臂上下抬放。(各2×8拍)
旋肩运动	双手自然下垂，向前走时肩内旋运动，后退时外旋运动。(各2×8拍)
左右提拉运动	双脚分开，身体向左、右侧拉伸，且同侧手指沿腿下滑摸。(各2×8拍)
颈椎侧拉运动	双手侧平举，头向左、向侧拉伸。(4×8拍)
啄食望月运动	双手合掌于胸前，指尖向上，头向前屈和向后伸运动。(4×8拍)
摇髋运动	双手合掌于胸前，髋关节左右转动。(4×8拍)
平衡脊柱运动	身体成半蹲位，双手臂伸直于体前，掌心相对做上下交替摆动。(4×8拍)
后链拉伸运动	右腿屈，左腿直放于体前，双手交叉沿着左腿拉伸，左右互换。(各2×8拍)
交叉拉胸运动	双臂弯屈分另置于头顶与背后向内拉伸摆动，且左右腿交替屈膝。(各2×8拍)
放松运动	左右腿交替屈膝，双臂分别向胸、向后背交替放松摆动。(4×8拍)

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表 2 不同性别青少年干预前后左右两侧肩峰高度差值比较(x±s, cm)

Table 2. Comparison of difference in the height between the left and right shoulder peaks of adolescents before and after intervention by sex(x±s, cm)

性别	干预组				对照组
性别	人数	干预前	干预12周后	停止干预4周后	人数	干预前	干预12周后	停止干预4周后
男	15	2.49±1.26	1.43±1.21	1.44±1.21	15	2.45±1.24	2.55±1.24	2.55±1.22
女	15	2.52±1.16	1.44±1.13	1.45±1.14	15	2.52±1.20	2.61±1.18	2.62±1.18
t值		-0.08	-0.03	-0.02		-0.15	-0.12	-0.15
P值		0.94	0.97	0.98		0.88	0.90	0.88

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