高职院校肥胖学生24 h活动行为综合干预效果

王海波; 刘超; 陈海波

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024054

高职院校肥胖学生24 h活动行为综合干预效果

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024054

1.
无锡职业技术学院体育部，江苏 214121
2.
南京体育学院教务处

基金项目:

江苏省高校哲学社会科学研究一般项目 2023SJYB0970

江苏省职业教育教学改革研究重点资助项目 ZZZ19

2021江苏高校‘青蓝工程’资助项目苏教师涵[2021]11号

详细信息

作者简介:
王海波(1983-)，男，黑龙江哈尔滨人，硕士，副教授，主要研究方向为高职学生体质健康促进与管理

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中图分类号: R478 R723.14 G804.49
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-10-27
- 修回日期: 2023-12-18
- 网络出版日期: 2024-03-02
- 刊出日期: 2024-02-25

Effects of comprehensive intervention on 24 h activity behavior among obese students in vocational colleges

1.
Department of Physical Education, Wuxi Institute of Technology, Wuxi (214121), Jiangsu Province, China

摘要

摘要: 目的探讨校内身体活动、静态活动、睡眠等综合干预措施对高职院校肥胖学生24 h活动行为的影响效果，为高职院校肥胖学生干预提供更有针对性的实证依据。方法 2023年1—3月采用平行对照、随机分组的准实验设计，选取无锡市某职业技术学院79名一年级肥胖学生分为干预组(41名)和对照组(38名)。2023年4—6月，对照组不施加任何干预；干预组采用信息型(利用纸质散页和社交、学习软件精准推送干预信息)+行为型(每天集中1 h体育锻炼及多项活动行为要求，并运用运动加速度计反馈身体活动客观数据)的干预方式，对24 h身体活动、静态活动、睡眠和其他行为进行综合干预(120 min/d，共8周)；2023年6—7月进行1周后测和追踪调查。采用《Bouchard身体活动日记》、周调查问卷和三轴运动加速度计记录两组学生24 h活动行为情况。通过t检验和重复测量方差分析比较两组干预前后24 h活动行为各成分指标时间的差异及组内的变化。结果干预前后，对照组24 h活动行为各成分指标时间差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05)；干预组与对照组重复测量方差分析结果显示，身体活动、静态活动、睡眠和其他指标时间的交互作用差异均有统计学意义(前测与后测：F值分别为6.45，4.66，7.21，7.88；前测、后测与追踪测：F值分别为5.37，5.12，5.43，5.29；P值均 < 0.01)。追踪期间，干预组学生24 h活动行为各成分指标(身体活动、静态活动、睡眠、其他)时间[(298.52±60.27，613.69±68.55，442.33±45.26，85.28±20.57)min/d]与后测数据[(313.25±54.15，601.88±65.47，462.83±42.86，61.92±18.53)min/d]相比出现反弹现象，但均好于前测数据[(230.45±67.42，720.32±105.63，369.78±32.31，119.29±22.17)min/d]，差异均有统计学意义(F值分别为42.46，39.45，33.41，59.43，P值均 < 0.01)。干预期间，第4，5周干预组学生身体活动、静态活动和睡眠时间各指标出现波动样态。结论高职院校肥胖学生24 h活动行为的校内综合干预有效，但持续性不足。应根据高职院校肥胖学生特点提供个性化干预措施，增加身体活动和睡眠时间，减少静态活动时间，促进养成健康的生活方式。
- 肥胖症 /
- 运动活动 /
- 睡眠 /
- 干预性研究 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective To explore the effects of comprehensive intervention measures targeting physical activity, sedentary, sleep and other behaviors on 24 h activity behavior of obese students in vocational colleges, so as to provide a more tailored empirical basis for intervening obese students in vocational colleges. Methods A quasi-experimental design using parallel controlled, randomized grouping was conducted from January to March 2023. A total of 79 first-year obese students from a vocational college in Wuxi City were selected as the intervention group (41 students) and the control group (38 students). From April to June, 2023, the control group received no intervention, while the intervention group adopted an information-based and behavioral intervention approach to comprehensively intervene in 24 h physical activity, sedentary, sleep and other behaviors (120 minutes each day for 8 weeks).Wherein, information-based intervention mainly used paper leaflets and social and learning software to accurately push intervention information, and behavioral intervention mainly concentrated 1 hour of physical exercise and multiple activity behavior requirements every day with the triaxial accelerometer to feedback the objective data of physical activity. Subsequently, from June to July, 2023, a one-week post-test and follow-up survey were conducted respectively.Bouchard diary in physical activity, Weekly questionnaire and triaxial accelerometer were used to record the 24 h activity behavior of both groups of students.T-test and repeated measurement analysis of variance were used to compare the differences of 24 h activity component index time between two groups before and after intervention and examine the changes within each group. Results Before and after intervention, there was no significant difference in the time of each component index of 24 h activity behavior in the control group. However, repeated measures analysis of variance between the intervention group and the control group revealed statistically significant interaction differences in physical activity, sedentary behavior, sleep and other index time were statistically significant(pre-test and post-test: F=6.45, 4.66, 7.21, 7.88; pre-test, post-test and follow-up-test: F=5.37, 5.12, 5.43, 5.29; P < 0.01). During the follow-up period, compared with the post-test data [(313.25±54.15, 601.88±65.47, 462.83±42.86, 61.92±18.53)min/d], the time of each component (physical activity, sedentary behavior, sleep, other) of the 24 h activity behavior of students in the intervention group rebounded [(298.52±60.27, 613.69±68.55, 442.33±45.26, 85.28±20.57)min/d], but it was better than the pre-test data [(230.45±67.42, 720.32±105.63, 369.78±32.31, 119.29±22.17)min/d], and the difference was statistically significant(F=42.46, 39.45, 33.41, 59.43, P < 0.01). During the intervention period, the physical activity, sedentary and sleep duration indicators of the intervention group students showed fluctuating patterns in the 4th and 5th weeks. Conclusions The comprehensive intervention on 24 h activity behavior among obese students in vocational colleges shows significant effectiveness, but its sustainability is insufficient. Considering the characteristics of obese students in vocational colleges, personalized intervention measures should be provided to increase physical activity and sleep time and reduce static activity time, in order to promote students to develop a healthy lifestyle.
- Obesity /
- Motor activity /
- Sleep /
- Intervention studies /
- Students
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表 1 干预组与对照组学生干预前后24 h活动行为成分指标时间分布/(min·d^-1，x±s)

Table 1. Time distribution of activity behavior component index at 24 h before and after intervention for students in the intervention and control group/(min·d^-1, x±s)

组别	测量阶段	人数	身体活动	静态活动	睡眠	其他
干预组	前测	41	230.45±67.42	720.32±105.63	369.78±32.31	119.29±22.17
	后测	41	313.25±54.15	601.88±65.47	462.83±42.86	61.92±18.53
	追踪测	41	298.52±60.27	613.69±68.55	442.33±45.26	85.28±20.57
对照组	前测	38	238.59±72.28	707.54±98.53	379.47±35.41	113.88±29.35
	后测	38	242.53±65.23	715.47±88.58	375.37±42.68	106.61±21.44
	追踪测	38	236.84±58.52	723.45±91.25	379.65±39.24	99.88±26.82

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表 2 干预组男女生8周干预实验24 h活动行为成分指标时间比较/(min·d^-1，x±s)

Table 2. Comparison of 24 h activity behavioral component indicators between male and female students in intervention group after 8-week intervention experiment/(min·d^-1, x±s)

时间	性别	人数	统计值	身体活动	静态活动	睡眠	其他
第1周	男	21		250.33±53.26	708.53±88.52	396.89±37.85	88.21±19.87
	女	20		248.52±48.23	671.32±90.62	426.54±36.43	93.53±21.45
			t值	0.22	0.60	-1.17	-0.57
			P值	0.94	0.57	0.26	0.58
第2周	男	21		264.65±58.45	650.23±87.41	423.45±35.21	101.55±18.54
	女	20		270.26±49.53	630.41±85.48	440.53±29.54	98.65±20.12
			t值	-0.69	0.24	-0.53	0.36
			P值	0.49	0.92	0.62	0.81
第3周	男	21		286.94±62.42	643.49±75.43	432.39±37.47	77.12±15.33
	女	20		292.33±52.31	592.34±78.22	457.82±38.82	97.42±18.54
			t值	-0.55	1.53	-0.97	-3.47
			P值	0.61	0.13	0.31	< 0.01
第4周	男	21		233.42±73.53	713.46±90.25	387.64±32.59	105.32±17.88
	女	20		281.43±55.48	577.42±81.35	478.67±39.21	102.45±19.42
			t值	-2.59	4.18	-5.23	0.28
			P值	0.02	< 0.01	< 0.01	0.88
第5周	男	21		220.53±65.84	724.85±95.88	395.72±41.26	98.78±21.51
	女	20		274.32±48.74	569.61±83.42	490.26±39.58	105.78±20.21
			t值	-2.56	4.84	-5.44	-0.93
			P值	0.02	< 0.01	< 0.01	0.34
第6周	男	21		290.42±48.53	630.23±72.15	434.52±42.31	84.81±14.69
	女	20		313.25±53.22	586.05±75.83	452.18±47.58	88.43±16.57
			t值	-0.96	0.76	-0.51	-0.45
			P值	0.31	0.42	0.63	0.67
第7周	男	21		320.64±42.45	603.25±63.21	457.59±44.21	58.27±17.21
	女	20		318.45±47.66	581.81±65.87	467.35±49.82	72.32±18.49
			t值	0.27	0.26	-0.25	-2.33
			P值	0.89	0.90	0.92	0.03
第8周	男	21		318.77±50.21	598.44±62.16	470.12±47.96	52.49±16.88
	女	20		324.48±49.88	575.39±64.32	472.82±48.27	67.24±17.64
			t值	-0.71	0.30	-0.15	-2.35
			P值	0.47	0.87	0.97	0.03

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