母亲孕期焦虑状态对幼儿情绪社会化发展的影响

许占斌; 倪钰飞; 徐小晶; 顾秋燕; 江琤琤; 王飞英; 何莉

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.09.020

母亲孕期焦虑状态对幼儿情绪社会化发展的影响

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.09.020

1.
南通大学附属妇幼保健院儿童保健科, 江苏 226018
2.
南通市中心血站综合科

基金项目:

南通市卫生健康委面上项目 MS2022075

南通市卫生健康委面上项目 MSZ2023058

南通大学临床专项项目 2022LY015

详细信息

作者简介:
许占斌(1990-), 男, 黑龙江省人, 硕士, 主治医师, 主要研究方向为儿童发育行为

通讯作者:
王飞英, E-mail: 946923407@qq.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: B8441.1 G78 R179
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-07-03
- 修回日期: 2023-07-21
- 网络出版日期: 2023-09-28
- 刊出日期: 2023-09-25

The effect of maternal anxiety during pregnancy on the social-emotional development among toddlers

1.
Child Health Section, Affiliated Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong (226018), Jiangsu Province, China

摘要

摘要: 目的探讨母亲孕期焦虑状态对1~3岁幼儿情绪社会化发展的影响, 为生命早期科学育儿及情绪社会化发育异常儿童早期干预提供参考依据。方法于2022年9月—2023年3月收集南通市妇幼保健院健康体检的815名1~3岁幼儿及幼儿母亲为研究对象, 采用中国幼儿社会情绪评价量表(CITSEA)评估幼儿情绪社会化能力, 同时调取幼儿母亲孕期体检焦虑状态评估报告, 母亲孕期体检采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)评估焦虑状态。结果全体幼儿CITSEA外显行为域、内隐行为域、失调域和能力域得分分别为(49.40±9.48, 47.42±9.60, 48.67±10.15, 50.07±10.20)分, 其中男童外显行为域得分(50.89±9.45)高于女童(48.76±9.50)、能力域得分(49.22±10.30)低于女童(51.17±9.84), 差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为2.10, -3.03, P值均＜0.05);外显行为域、内隐行为域、失调域和能力域异常检出率分别为7.36%, 7.12%, 7.61%, 7.24%, 其中男童分别为8.43%, 6.32%, 7.96%, 7.49%, 女童分别为6.19%, 7.99%, 7.22%, 6.96%, 不同性别异常率比较差异均无统计学意义(χ²值分别为1.50, 0.85, 0.16, 0.09, P值均>0.05)。母亲孕期不同焦虑状态(正常、轻度、中重度)幼儿外显行为域得分(47.77±9.52, 49.56±8.95, 52.51±9.77)、能力域得分(51.70±10.38, 49.65±10.05, 46.68±10.03)差异均有统计学意义(F值分别为7.05, 7.10, P值均＜0.01);母亲孕期不同期焦虑状态幼儿外显行为域、能力域异常检出率(4.81%, 7.54%, 11.17%;4.81%, 6.96%, 11.73%)差异均有统计学意义(χ²值分别为6.60, 7.98, P值均＜0.05)。结论母亲孕期焦虑状态对幼儿情绪社会化发展具有不利影响。应提供多维度社会支持, 关注孕期家庭环境和教育, 改善儿童情绪社会化水平。
- 受孕期 /
- 母亲 /
- 焦虑 /
- 情绪 /
- 精神卫生 /
- 儿童, 学龄前
Abstract: Objective To explore the impact of maternal anxiety during pregnancy on social-emotional development of toddlers aged 1-3 year old, so as to provide references for scientific early parenting and early intervention for toddlers with social-emotional difficulties. Methods From September 2022 to March 2023, a total of 815 toddlers aged 1-3 who underwent physical examinations and their mothers at Nantong Maternal and Child Health Hospital were enrolled. The Chinese Infant Toddler Social and Emotional Assessment (CITSEA) was used to evaluate the social-emotional ability among toddlers. Maternal anxiety evaluated using the Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) during prenatal visit was collected. Results The average scores on the externalizing, internalizing, dysregulation and competence domains of the CITSEA were (49.40±9.48, 47.42±9.60, 48.67±10.15, 50.07±10.20), respectively. Among boys, the score of externalizing domain (50.89±9.45) was higher than that of girls (48.76±9.50), while the score of competence domain (49.22±10.30) was lower than that of girls (51.17±9.84), and the differences were statistically significant(t=2.10, -3.03, P < 0.05). The detection rates of abnormalities in the externalizing, internalizing, dysregulation, and competence domains were 7.36%, 7.12%, 7.61%, and 7.24%, respectively. Among them, boys (8.43%, 6.32%, 7.96%, 7.49%) and girls (6.19%, 7.99%, 7.22%, 6.96%) showed no statistical differences (χ²=1.50, 0.85, 0.16, 0.09, P>0.05). There were significant differences in externalizing domain scores(47.77±9.52, 49.56±8.95, 52.51±9.77) and competence domain scores(51.70±10.38, 49.65±10.05, 46.68±10.03) among toddlers of different maternal anxiety(normal, mild, moderate to severe) (F=7.05, 7.10, P < 0.01). There were significant differences in the abnormal detection rate of externalizing domain (4.81%, 7.54%, 11.17%) and competence domain(4.81%, 6.96%, 11.73%)(χ²=6.60, 7.98, P < 0.05). Conclusion Maternal anxiety during pregnancy has a negative impact on the social-emotional development among toddlers. In order to improve social-emotional development of toddlers, multidimensional social support and education during pregnancy should be carried out.
- Fertile period /
- Mothers /
- Anxiety /
- Emotions /
- Mental health /
- Child, preshool
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表 1 母亲孕期不同焦虑状态间幼儿CITSEA各维度得分比较(x±s)

Table 1. Comparison of CITSEA scores in various demensions among toddlers with different anxiety states during pregnancy(x±s)

母亲孕期焦虑	人数	外显行为域	内隐行为域	失调域	能力域
正常	291	47.77±9.52^*	47.84±9.85	47.87±10.33	51.70±10.38^*
轻度	345	49.56±8.95	47.18±9.19	49.01±10.12	49.65±10.05
中重度	179	52.51±9.77^*	47.33±9.78	48.96±10.04	46.68±10.03^*
F值		7.05	0.40	1.25	7.10
P值		＜0.01	0.67	0.29	＜0.01
注： *与轻度焦虑比较，P＜0.05。

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表 2 母亲孕期不同焦虑程度幼儿CITSEA各维度异常检出率比较

Table 2. Comparison of the detection rate of CITSEA abnormalities in various dimensions among toddlers with different maternal anxiety during pregnancy

母亲孕期焦虑	人数	外显行为域	内隐行为域	失调域	能力域
正常	291	14(4.81)	19(6.53)	21(7.22)	14(4.81)
轻度	345	26(7.54)	22(6.38)	23(6.67)	24(6.96)
中重度	179	20(11.17)	17(9.50)	18(10.06)	21(11.73)
χ²值		6.60	1.45	2.02	7.98
P值		0.04	0.48	0.36	0.02
注： ()内数字为检出率/%。

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