留言板

尊敬的读者、作者、审稿人, 关于本刊的投稿、审稿、编辑和出版的任何问题, 您可以本页添加留言。我们将尽快给您答复。谢谢您的支持!

姓名
邮箱
手机号码
标题
留言内容
验证码

中小学生近视矫正状况及对视力相关生存质量的影响

邹丛光 魏科 李厚源 邓丽雅 徐德伟 王宏

邹丛光, 魏科, 李厚源, 邓丽雅, 徐德伟, 王宏. 中小学生近视矫正状况及对视力相关生存质量的影响[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2023, 44(8): 1252-1255. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.08.030
引用本文: 邹丛光, 魏科, 李厚源, 邓丽雅, 徐德伟, 王宏. 中小学生近视矫正状况及对视力相关生存质量的影响[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2023, 44(8): 1252-1255. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.08.030
ZOU Congguang, WEI Ke, LI Houyuan, DENG Liya, XU Dewei, WANG Hong. Quality of vision-related survival among primary and secondary school students with different myopia correction status[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH, 2023, 44(8): 1252-1255. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.08.030
Citation: ZOU Congguang, WEI Ke, LI Houyuan, DENG Liya, XU Dewei, WANG Hong. Quality of vision-related survival among primary and secondary school students with different myopia correction status[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH, 2023, 44(8): 1252-1255. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.08.030

中小学生近视矫正状况及对视力相关生存质量的影响

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2023.08.030
基金项目: 

重庆市卫生健康委科研项目 2022WSJK048

详细信息
    作者简介:

    邹丛光(1997-),男,重庆云阳人,在读硕士,主要研究方向为儿童青少年健康与卫生

    通讯作者:

    王宏,E-mail:100113@cqmu.edu.cn

  • 利益冲突声明  所有作者声明无利益冲突。
  • 中图分类号: R778.1+1 R770.42+1 R179

Quality of vision-related survival among primary and secondary school students with different myopia correction status

  • 摘要:   目的  分析近视中小学生近视矫正影响因素,对比不同矫正情况学生视力相关生存质量。  方法  于2022年5月,采用分层整群随机抽样方法在重庆市某区抽取8所中小学3 649名学生,进行近视筛查和视力相关生存质量问卷调查。  结果  单因素分析显示,不同性别、地区、学段、学习压力、教养方式的近视学生戴镜率差异均有统计学意义(χ2值分别为10.98,31.63,31.86,11.28,9.59,P值均 < 0.05)。不同学段、学习压力、教养方式的戴镜学生足矫率差异均有统计学意义(χ2值分别为11.77,9.92,8.69,P值均 < 0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,性别、地区和学段均是戴镜率的影响因素(P值均 < 0.01)。近视学生视力相关生存质量量表总分高于未近视学生(t=20.07,P < 0.01)。未戴镜、欠矫、足矫3组近视学生的生理功能、情感功能、视功能和身体功能3个维度得分和生存质量总分差异均有统计学意义(F值分别为49.93,49.38,28.14,67.31,P值均 < 0.01)。  结论  近视学生戴镜率和足矫率低,戴镜率因城乡、性别、学段存在差异,配戴矫正眼镜使近视学生生存质量降低,欠矫学生的生存质量相比足矫学生更低,应关注近视学生的近视矫正情况并改善生存质量。
    1)  利益冲突声明  所有作者声明无利益冲突。
  • 表  1  不同组别近视中小学生戴镜和足矫情况比较

    Table  1.   Comparison of spectacle wear and full correction among primary and secondary school students with different characteristics of myopia

    组别 近视人数 戴镜 足矫
    检出人数 χ2 P 检出人数 χ2 P
    性别
        男 1 117 583(52.2) 10.98 < 0.01 230(39.5) 0.66 0.42
        女 1 111 664(59.8) 277(41.7)
    地区
        城区 1 194 734(61.5) 31.63 < 0.01 306(41.7) 0.79 0.38
        乡村 1 034 513(49.6) 201(39.2)
    学段
        小学 944 463(49.0) 31.86 < 0.01 217(46.9) 11.77 < 0.01
        初中 1 284 784(61.1) 290(37.0)
    学习成绩
        较好 453 252(55.6) 1.34 0.51 101(40.1) 0.13 0.94
        一般 1 341 762(56.8) 309(40.6)
        较差 434 233(53.7) 97(41.6)
    学习压力
        较轻 398 209(52.5) 11.28 < 0.01 101(48.3) 9.92 0.01
        一般 1 506 830(55.1) 337(40.6)
        较重 324 208(64.2) 69(33.2)
    教养方式
        民主型 1 821 1 027(56.4) 9.59 0.02 437(42.6) 8.69 0.03
        专制型 215 131(60.9) 41(31.3)
        放纵型 121 55(45.5) 18(32.7)
        忽视型 71 34(47.9) 11(32.4)
    家庭经济
        较差 1 807 1 014(56.1) 1.53 0.47 407(40.1) 0.77 0.68
        中等 410 225(54.9) 96(42.7)
        较好 11 8(72.7) 4(50.0)
    注: ()内数字为检出率/%。
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  不同组别学生视力相关生存质量得分比较(x±s)

    Table  2.   Comparison of vision-related quality of survival scores between myopic and non-myopic students(x±s)

    组别 选项 人数 统计值 生理功能 情感功能 视功能和身体功能 社会活动能力 总分
    视力 未近视 1 421 9.94±3.59 14.01±3.28 7.86±3.05 7.11±2.65 38.92±8.03
    近视 2 228 12.70±4.47 16.72±4.43 8.34±3.48 7.19±2.37 44.95±9.99
    t -20.53 -21.19 -4.37 -0.90 -20.07
    P < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 0.37 < 0.01
    矫正 足矫 507 12.80±4.41 17.15±4.21 8.67±3.65 7.37±2.26 46.00±9.69
    欠矫 740 13.88±4.42 17.74±4.53 8.92±3.71 7.13±2.21 47.68±10.19
    未戴镜 981 11.76±4.32 15.72±4.25 8.92±3.10 7.14±2.53 42.35±9.33
    F 49.93 49.38 28.14 2.02 67.31
    P < 0.01 < 0.01 < 0.01 0.13 < 0.01
    下载: 导出CSV
  • [1] BAIRD P N, SAW S M, LANCA C, et al. Myopia[J]. Nat Rev Dis Primers, 2020, 6(1): 99. doi: 10.1038/s41572-020-00231-4
    [2] 宋逸, 胡佩瑾, 董彦会, 等. 2014年全国各省、自治区、直辖市汉族学生视力不良现况分析[J]. 北京大学学报(医学版), 2017, 49(3): 433-438. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-167X.2017.03.010

    SONG Y, HU P J, DONG Y H, et al. Prevalence of reduced visual acuity among Chinese Han students in 2014[J]. J Peking Univ(Med Sci), 2017, 49(3): 433-438. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-167X.2017.03.010
    [3] QIAN D J, ZHONG H, NIE Q, et al. Spectacles need and ownership among multiethnic students in rural China[J]. Public Health, 2018, 157: 86-93. doi: 10.1016/j.puhe.2017.11.015
    [4] DUDOVITZR N, IZADPANAH N, CHUNGP J, et al. Parent, teacher, and student perspectives on how corrective lenses improve child wellbeing and school function[J]. Matern Child Health J, 2016, 20(5): 974-983. doi: 10.1007/s10995-015-1882-z
    [5] DUDOVITZ R N, IZADPANAH N, CHUNG P J, et al. Parent, teacher, and student perspectives on how corrective lenses improve child wellbeing and school function[J]. Matern Child Health J, 2016, 20(5): 974-983. doi: 10.1007/s10995-015-1882-z
    [6] 中华人民共和国国家卫生健康委办公厅、教育部办公厅、财政部办公厅关于开展2018年儿童青少年近视调查工作的通知[EB/OL]. (2018-10-26)[2023-03-20]. http://www.nhc.gov.cn/cms-search/xxgk/getManuscriptXxgk.htm?id=08e2b45092d346a8a8c960d3e3d98b62.

    General Office of the National Health of the PRC, Health Commission General Office of the Ministry of Education, General Office of the Ministry of Finance Notice on the 2018 children and youth myopia survey[EB/OL]. (2018-10-26)[2023-03-20]. http://www.nhc.gov.cn/cms-search/xxgk/getManuscriptXxgk.htm?id=08e2b45092d346a8a8c960d3e3d98b62. (in Chinese)
    [7] 《儿童青少年近视防控适宜技术指南(更新版)》及解读[EB/OL]. (2021-10-13)[2023-03-20]. http://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2021-10/13/content_5642345.htm.

    Guidelines on Appropriate Technology for Prevention and Control of Myopia in Children and Youth (Updated Version) and its interpretation[EB/OL]. (2021-10-13)[2023-03-20]. http://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2021-10/13/content_5642345.htm. (in Chinese)
    [8] 程刚, 陈艳红, 关雨生, 等. 大学生主观社会地位的指标构成及特点[J]. 西南大学学报(自然科学版), 2015, 37(6): 156-162. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XNND201506025.htm

    CHENG G, CHEN Y H, GUAN Y S, et al. On composition of college students' subjective social status indexes and their characteristics[J]. J Southwest Univ(Nat Sci Edit), 2015, 37(6): 156-162. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XNND201506025.htm
    [9] 王宏, 刁华, 冉敏, 等. 重庆某区青春期留守儿童生活质量影响因素分析[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2018, 39(9): 1287-1291. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2018.09.003

    WANG H, DIAO H, RAN M, et al. Quality of life among left-behind adolescents in rural Chongqing[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2018, 39(9): 1287-1291. (in Chinese) doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2018.09.003
    [10] 柯芳. 中小学生视力相关生存质量量表研制及生存质量影响因素分析[D]. 武汉: 华中科技大学, 2008.

    KE F. Develop a Quality of Life(QOL) Scale about vision for primary and middle school students and analysis of influence factors of QOL[D]. Wuhan: Huazhong University of Science, 2008. (in Chinese)
    [11] 窦义蓉, 王宏, 曹型远, 等. 不同视力水平学生视力相关生存质量分析[J]. 中国公共卫生, 2015, 31(6): 717-719. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGGW201506007.htm

    DONG Y R, WANG H, CAO X Y, et al. Vision-related life quality in primary and middle school students with different vision level[J]. Chin J Public Health, 2015, 31(6): 717-719. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGGW201506007.htm
    [12] 黄珏瑢, 张云云, 杜康, 等. 西部地区城乡学生视力不良及矫正情况比较[J]. 中国公共卫生, 2020, 36(6): 849-852. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGGW202006001.htm

    HUANG Y R, ZHANG Y Y, DU K, et al. Prevalence of poor vision and eyeglass wear among primary and high school students in urban and rural western China: a comparative study[J]. Chin J Public Health, 2020, 36(6): 849-852. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGGW202006001.htm
    [13] 张昱堃, 陈国平, 孟灿, 等. 安徽省近视小学生戴镜率和足矫率城乡差异分析[J]. 中国公共卫生, 2021, 37(5): 788-791. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGGW202105005.htm

    ZHANG Y K, CHEN G P, MENG C, et al. Prevalence of spectacles use and full correction among myopic students of urban and rural primary schools in Anhui Province[J]. Chin J Public Health, 2021, 37(5): 788-791. (in Chinese) https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGGW202105005.htm
    [14] WEDNER S, MASANJA H, BOWMAN R, et al. Two strategies for correcting refractive errors in school students in Tanzania: randomised comparison, with implications for screening programmes[J]. Br J Ophthalmol, 2008, 92(1): 19-24.
    [15] KHANDEKAR R, MOHAMMED A J, AL RAISI A. Compliance of spectacle wear and its determinants among schoolchildren of Dhakhiliya region of oman: a descriptive study a descriptive study[J]. J Sci Res Med Sci, 2002, 4(1/2): 39-43.
    [16] GOGATE P, MUKHOPADHYAYA D, MAHADIK A, et al. Spectacle compliance amongst rural secondary school children in Pune District, India[J]. Ind J Ophthalmol, 2013, 61(1): 8-12.
    [17] WANG X, YI H, LU L, et al. Population prevalence of need for spectacles and spectacle ownership among urban migrant children in eastern China[J]. JAMA Ophthalmol, 2015, 133(12): 1399-1406
    [18] SANKARIDURGP R, HOLDENB A. Practical applications to modify and control the development of ametropia[J]. Eye (Lond), 2014, 28(2): 134-141.
    [19] KANONIDOU E, CHATZIRALLI I P, KONIDARIS V, et al. A comparative study of visual function of young myopic adults wearing contact lenses vs.spectacles[J]. Cont Lens Anterior Eye, 2012, 35(5): 196-198.
    [20] MEIDANI A, TZAVARA C, DIMITRAKAKI C, et al. Femtosecond laser-assisted LASIK improves quality of life[J]. J Refract Surg, 2012, 28(5): 319-326.
    [21] 王媛媛, 耿鑫, 钟佳杰, 等. 学龄期儿童青少年近视患者生存质量研究[J]. 中华眼视光学与视觉科学杂志, 2022, 24(6): 447-453.

    WANG Y Y, GENG X, ZHONG J J, et al. A study of quality of life in school-age children and adolescents with myopia[J]. Chin J Optom Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2022, 24(6): 447-453. (in Chinese)
    [22] 金婉卿, 毛欣杰, 黄海笑, 等. 青少年配戴角膜塑形镜的需求和配戴后的心理调查[J]. 中华眼视光学与视觉科学杂志, 2014, 16(2): 88-91.

    JIN W Q, MAO X J, HUANG H X, et al. Investigation and analysis on demands and psychology of adolescents wearing orthokeratology lenses[J]. Chin J Optom Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2014, 16(2): 88-91. (in Chinese)
    [23] MORJARIA P, MCCORMICK I, GILBERT C. Compliance and predictors of spectacle wear in schoolchildren and reasons for non-wear: a review of the literature[J]. Ophthalmic Epidemiol, 2019, 26(6): 367-377.
    [24] 陶芳标. 《儿童青少年近视防控适宜技术指南》专题解读[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2020, 41(2): 166-168, 172. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2020.02.002

    TAO F B. Expert interpretation on appropriate technical guidelines for prevention and control of myopia in children and adolescents[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2020, 41(2): 166-168, 172. (in Chinese) doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2020.02.002
  • 加载中
表(2)
计量
  • 文章访问数:  373
  • HTML全文浏览量:  203
  • PDF下载量:  57
  • 被引次数: 0
出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2023-05-14
  • 修回日期:  2023-06-13
  • 网络出版日期:  2023-08-26
  • 刊出日期:  2023-08-25

目录

    /

    返回文章
    返回