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膳食脂肪摄入对女童初潮影响的前瞻性研究

高婉珂 段若男 李静 陈玥 邢栋 熊静远 赵莉 成果

高婉珂, 段若男, 李静, 陈玥, 邢栋, 熊静远, 赵莉, 成果. 膳食脂肪摄入对女童初潮影响的前瞻性研究[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2021, 42(11): 1688-1691. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.11.020
引用本文: 高婉珂, 段若男, 李静, 陈玥, 邢栋, 熊静远, 赵莉, 成果. 膳食脂肪摄入对女童初潮影响的前瞻性研究[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2021, 42(11): 1688-1691. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.11.020
GAO Wanke, DUAN Ruonan, LI Jing, CHEN Yue, XING Dong, XIONG Jingyuan, ZHAO Li, CHENG Guo. Prospective effect of dietary intake of fat on menarche among girls[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH, 2021, 42(11): 1688-1691. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.11.020
Citation: GAO Wanke, DUAN Ruonan, LI Jing, CHEN Yue, XING Dong, XIONG Jingyuan, ZHAO Li, CHENG Guo. Prospective effect of dietary intake of fat on menarche among girls[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH, 2021, 42(11): 1688-1691. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.11.020

膳食脂肪摄入对女童初潮影响的前瞻性研究

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.11.020
基金项目: 

国家重点研发计划项目 2020YFC2006300

详细信息
    作者简介:

    高婉珂(1997-  ),女,河南南阳人,在读硕士,主要研究方向为营养与健康

    通讯作者:

    成果,E-mail:ehw_cheng@126.com

  • 中图分类号: R151  R153.2  R446

Prospective effect of dietary intake of fat on menarche among girls

  • 摘要:   目的  探讨初潮前膳食总脂肪及不同类型脂肪酸摄入对女童初潮发生的前瞻性影响,为预防中国儿童青春期发育提前提供理论依据。  方法  利用“中国居民健康与营养调查(CHNS)”数据,选取1997—2015年有初潮信息且具有基线膳食调查数据并至少参与了一次随访调查的1 240名6~13岁女童为研究对象,采用Cox回归模型分析初潮前膳食总脂肪及脂肪酸摄入对女童初潮发生的前瞻性影响。  结果  调查对象的平均基线年龄为(8.3±1.8)岁。调整出生年代、居住地、家庭人均年收入水平、膳食能量摄入量及体质量指数Z评分(BMI SDS)后,膳食总脂肪及多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)摄入量最高组女童出现初潮提前的风险分别比最低组高30% 和34%[HR值(HR值95%CI)分别为1.30(1.01~1.68)、1.34(1.05~1.70)];未发现膳食饱和脂肪酸(SFA)、单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)摄入量与初潮发生的关联[HR值(HR值95%CI)分别为1.24(0.98~1.58)、1.25(0.97~1.62), P值均>0.05]。  结论  初潮前较高的膳食总脂肪及PUFA摄入可能导致女童初潮发生提前;未发现SFA及MUFA摄入与初潮发生的关联。
  • 表  1  CHNS是否已初潮女童基线膳食营养素摄入情况[M(P25P75)]

    Table  1.   Baseline dietary nutrients intake of CHNS girls[M(P25, P75)]

    组别 人数 能量摄入量/(kcal·d-1) 碳水化合物摄入量/(g·d-1) 碳水化合物供能比/% 蛋白质摄入量/(g·d-1) 蛋白质供能比/% 总脂肪摄入量/(g·d-1)
    已初潮 732 1 524.9(1 228.3, 1 891.3) 227.6(170.6, 288.7) 60.7(51.7, 68.0) 45.2(34.9, 58.2) 11.8(10.2, 13.7) 44.9(30.6, 63.9)
    未初潮 508 1 413.6(1 129.5, 1 737.3) 201.1(150.4, 265.4) 58.4(49.9, 66.6) 43.3(31.7, 56.3) 12.2(10.4, 14.2) 43.3(28.8, 61.0)
    合计 1 240 1 475.0(1 182.3, 1 837.6) 217.4(160.2, 276.8) 59.7(50.9, 67.7) 44.4(33.7, 57.2) 12.0(10.3, 13.9) 43.8(29.4, 62.3)
    组别 人数 总脂肪供能比/% SFA/(g·d-1) SFA供能比/% MUFA/(g·d-1) MUFA供能比/% PUFA/(g·d-1) PUFA供能比/%
    已初潮 732 27.2(19.9, 36.3) 3.8(1.7, 7.8) 2.3(0.9, 4.6) 5.1(2.1, 12.5) 3.0(1.2, 7.6) 3.9(2.0, 8.9) 2.2(1.1, 5.2)
    未初潮 508 29.4(21.3, 36.7) 5.7(2.3, 9.6) 3.6(1.4, 6.3) 9.2(3.4, 17.5) 6.1(2.1, 11.8) 6.6(2.7, 12.4) 4.2(1.6, 8.6)
    合计 1 240 28.0(20.5, 36.5) 4.5(1.8, 8.6) 2.9(1.1, 5.3) 6.5(2.5, 14.5) 4.0(1.3, 9.2) 4.7(2.2, 10.5) 2.8(1.3, 7.0)
    注:1 kcal=4.18 kJ。
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  CHNS女童膳食总脂肪及各类脂肪酸摄入量与初潮发生情况的Cox回归分析[HR值(HR值95%CI),n=1 240]

    Table  2.   Cox regression analysis of dietary fat and fatty acids intake and onset of menarche among CHNS girls[HR(HR95%CI), n=1 240]

    营养素摄入量 选项 模型1 模型2 模型3
    总脂肪摄入量/(g·d-1) Q1 1.00 1.00 1.00
    Q2 1.16 (0.94~1.43) 1.19 (0.96~1.47) 1.19 (0.96~1.47)
    Q3 1.31 (1.06~1.62)* 1.28 (1.02~1.60)* 1.28 (1.02~1.60)*
    Q4 1.52 (1.24~1.87)** 1.30 (1.01~1.69)* 1.30 (1.01~1.68)*
    SFA摄入量/(g·d-1) Q1 1.00 1.00 1.00
    Q2 0.99 (0.81~1.20) 1.04 (0.86~1.27) 1.04 (0.85~1.27)
    Q3 0.90 (0.73~1.10) 1.02 (0.82~1.27) 1.02 (0.82~1.27)
    Q4 0.89 (0.72~1.10) 1.24 (0.98~1.58) 1.24 (0.98~1.58)
    MUFA摄入量/(g·d-1) Q1 1.00 1.00 1.00
    Q2 0.94 (0.77~1.13) 1.00 (0.82~1.21) 1.00 (0.82~1.21)
    Q3 0.90 (0.74~1.10) 1.09 (0.88~1.35) 1.10 (0.89~1.36)
    Q4 0.79 (0.64~0.98)* 1.25 (0.97~1.61) 1.25 (0.97~1.62)
    PUFA摄入量/(g·d-1) Q1 1.00 1.00 1.00
    Q2 1.00 (0.82~1.21) 1.03 (0.84~1.25) 1.02 (0.84~1.25)
    Q3 0.95 (0.77~1.16) 1.10 (0.89~1.36) 1.10 (0.89~1.36)
    Q4 0.87 (0.71~1.07) 1.34 (1.05~1.70)* 1.34 (1.05~1.70)*
    注:模型1为基础模型;模型2调整出生年代、居住地、家庭人均年收入水平及膳食能量摄入量;模型3在模型2的基础上进一步调整BMI SDS;*P < 0.05,**P < 0.01。
    下载: 导出CSV
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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2021-06-28
  • 修回日期:  2021-08-31
  • 网络出版日期:  2021-12-01
  • 刊出日期:  2021-11-25

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