Association between body mass index and physical fitness index of freshman students in Ningxia universities

ZHU Huarui; LIU Jing; NIU Gentian; ZHANG Yanhong; DU Pengying; MA Weiping; YANG Yang; ZHANG Ling

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025312

Volume 46 Issue 10

Oct. 2025

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ZHU Huarui, LIU Jing, NIU Gentian, ZHANG Yanhong, DU Pengying, MA Weiping, YANG Yang, ZHANG Ling. Association between body mass index and physical fitness index of freshman students in Ningxia universities[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH, 2025, 46(10): 1484-1488. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025312

Citation:

ZHU Huarui, LIU Jing, NIU Gentian, ZHANG Yanhong, DU Pengying, MA Weiping, YANG Yang, ZHANG Ling. Association between body mass index and physical fitness index of freshman students in Ningxia universities[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH, 2025, 46(10): 1484-1488. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025312

Citation:

ZHU Huarui, LIU Jing, NIU Gentian, ZHANG Yanhong, DU Pengying, MA Weiping, YANG Yang, ZHANG Ling. Association between body mass index and physical fitness index of freshman students in Ningxia universities[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH, 2025, 46(10): 1484-1488. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025312

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Association between body mass index and physical fitness index of freshman students in Ningxia universities

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025312

ZHU Huarui^{1, 2},
LIU Jing^{1, 2},
NIU Gentian³,
ZHANG Yanhong⁴,
DU Pengying⁵,
MA Weiping⁶,
YANG Yang^{1, 2},
ZHANG Ling^{1, 2
,
,}

1.
School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China

Received Date: 2025-04-28
Rev Recd Date: 2025-09-03
Publish Date: 2025-10-25

Abstract

Abstract

Objective To understand current state of physical health levels of first-year students in different body mass index (BMI) categories in Ningxia universities, and to explore the correlation between BMI and physical fitness index (PFI), so as to provide a reference for enhancing physical health levels of university students. Methods In November 2024, physical fitness test data from 16 631 first-year students across four universities in Yinchuan City, Ningxia from 2019 to 2023 were collected by adopting convenience and stratified cluster random sampling methods. The PFI was calculated using the Z-score of the physical fitness test results, and a nonlinear quadratic model was established via least squares regression to examine the relationship between BMI and PFI among university students. Results The BMI for males was (21.69±3.53)kg/m², while for females was (20.78±2.94)kg/m². The composite score for males physical fitness (69.86±9.25) was lower than that for females (72.24±8.15), with a statistically significant difference (t=-17.54, P < 0.01). Moreover, the failure rates of various physical fitness indicators (vital capacity, sit-and-reach, standing long jump, pull-ups/1-minute sit-ups, 1 000 m/800 m run) were higher among males than females (χ²=103.48, 72.45, 14.38, 5 134.85, 188.89, all P < 0.01). Comparisons across BMI categories revealed that among males, the normal weight group outperformed other groups in the 50 m sprint, standing long jump, 1 000 m sprint, composite score, and PFI (F=89.17, 113.90, 179.02, 573.35, 593.08); among female students, the normal weight group outperformed other groups in the 50 m sprint, sit-and-reach, 800 m run, composite score, and PFI (F=10.67, 19.58, 96.45, 294.05, 183.45) (all P < 0.01). The relationship between BMI and PFI among first-year students exhibited a parabolic change trend, students with a moderate BMI demonstrated higher PFI, and as BMI increased, PFI decreased (all P < 0.01). Conclusions The physical health level of male students in Ningxia universities is lower than that of female students. There is a correlation between BMI classification and PFI. Tailored intervention measures should be implemented according to the physical characteristics of students across different genders and BMI classifications to enhance university students' physical health.
- Body mass index,
- Body constitution,
- Growth and development,
- Students

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References(23)

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