Cardiovascular health status in Chinese school-aged children

WANG Xijie; ZOU Zhiyong; DONG Yanhui; DONG Bin; MA Jun; LIANG Wannian

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024037

Volume 45 Issue 1

Jan. 2024

Turn off MathJax

Article Contents

Article Navigation > CHINESE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH > 2024 > 45(1): 30-35

WANG Xijie, ZOU Zhiyong, DONG Yanhui, DONG Bin, MA Jun, LIANG Wannian. Cardiovascular health status in Chinese school-aged children[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH, 2024, 45(1): 30-35. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024037

Citation:

WANG Xijie, ZOU Zhiyong, DONG Yanhui, DONG Bin, MA Jun, LIANG Wannian. Cardiovascular health status in Chinese school-aged children[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH, 2024, 45(1): 30-35. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024037

Citation:

PDF( 609 KB)

Cardiovascular health status in Chinese school-aged children

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024037

WANG Xijie^{1, 2},
ZOU Zhiyong³,
DONG Yanhui³,
DONG Bin^{3
,
,},
MA Jun³,
LIANG Wannian^{1, 2}

1.
Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing (100190), China

Received Date: 2023-09-11
Rev Recd Date: 2024-01-08

Available Online: 2024-02-01

Publish Date: 2024-01-25

Abstract

Abstract

Objective The American Heart Association released the Life's Essential 8 (LE 8) for the overall evaluation of cardiovascular health (CVH) on individual level. The present study aimed to describe the overall CVH in Chinese school-aged children using LE 8 metrics. Methods Data of the present analysis came from a national-representative multicentered cross-sectional study conducted in 7 provinces of China in 2013. The original study used a multistage cluster sampling method. A total of 10 326 children aged 5 to 19 years with complete data of health behaviors and health outcomes were included in the study. Children's health behavior indicators included diet, physical activity, nicotine exposure and sleep health. Health outcome factors included body mass index, fast blood glucose, lipid profile and blood pressure. Results The median CVH score was 73.3 (IQR=14.4) in boys and 73.4 (IQR=13.5) in girls. Compared to children aged ≤9 years, the health behavior scores were lowest in the 13-15 age group, with boys scoring 7.73 lower (95%CI=-8.35--7.12, P < 0.01) and girls scoring 9.15 (95%CI=-9.83--8.48, P < 0.01) lower. The ≥16 age group had the lowest health outcome scores, with boys scoring 7.85 (95%CI=-9.07--6.63, P < 0.01) lower and girls scoring 6.11 (95%CI=-7.12--5.09, P < 0.01) lower. Conclusions Chinese school-aged children are generally at a moderate level of cardiovascular health. Specific LE 8 components vary substantially between groups and therefore require targeted intervention strategies.
- Cardiovascular system,
- American heart association,
- Regression analysis,
- Child

FullText(HTML)

References(36)

References

[1]	DONG H, YAN Y, LIU J, et al. Alarming trends in ideal cardiovascular health among children and adolescents in Beijing, China, 2004 to 2014[J]. Int J Cardiol, 2017, 231: 264-270. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.12.027
[2]	STEINBERGER J, DANIELS S R, HAGBERG N, et al. Cardiovascular health promotion in children: challenges and opportunities for 2020 and beyond: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association[J]. Circulation, 2016, 134(12): e236-e255.
[3]	LIU J. Children and adolescents: cardiovascular health in the future[J]. JACC Asia, 2022, 2(1): 101-103. doi: 10.1016/j.jacasi.2021.11.007
[4]	PACOR J M, YOUNUS A, MALIK R, et al. Prevalence of ideal cardiovascular health metrics in children and adolescents: a systematic review[J]. Prog Pediat Cardiol, 2016, 43: 141-146. doi: 10.1016/j.ppedcard.2016.09.002
[5]	LLOYD-JONES D M, ALLEN N B, ANDERSON C A M, et al. Life's essential 8: updating and enhancing the American Heart Association's construct of cardiovascular health: a presidential advisory from the American Heart Association[J]. Circulation, 2022, 146(5): e18-e43.
[6]	SACCO R L. The new American Heart Association 2020 goal: achieving ideal cardiovascular health[J]. J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown), 2011, 12(4): 255-257. doi: 10.2459/JCM.0b013e328343e986
[7]	WU S, AN S, LI W, et al. Association of trajectory of cardiovascular health score and incident cardiovascular disease[J]. JAMA Network Open, 2019, 2(5): e194758. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.4758
[8]	WANG L, LI M, ZHAO Z, et al. Ideal cardiovascular health is inversely associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a prospective analysis[J]. Am J Med, 2018, 131(12): 1515.
[9]	JIN Y, TANAKA T, BANDINELLI S, et al. Overall cardiovascular health is associated with all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality among older community-dwelling men and women[J]. J Aging Health, 2017, 29(3): 437-453. doi: 10.1177/0898264316635590
[10]	LLOYD-JONES D M, NING H, LABARTHE D, et al. Status of cardiovascular health in US adults and children using the American Heart Association's New "Life's Essential 8" Metrics: prevalence estimates from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2013 through 2018[J]. Circulation, 2022, 146(11): 822-835. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.122.060911
[11]	CHEN Y, MA L, MA Y, et al. A national school-based health lifestyles interventions among Chinese children and adolescents against obesity: rationale, design and methodology of a randomized controlled trial in China[J]. BMC Public Health, 2015, 15(1): 1-10. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-15-1
[12]	张娜, 朱文丽, 张曼, 等. 《中国学龄儿童膳食指南(2022)》解读[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2022, 43(6): 805-808. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.06.002 ZHANG N, ZHU W L, ZHANG M, et al. Interpretation on dietary guidelines for Chinese school-aged children(2022)[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2022, 43(6): 805-808. (in Chinese) doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.06.002
[13]	健康中国行动推进委员会. 健康中国行动(2019—2030年)[EB/OL]. (2019-07-15)[2024-01-12]. https://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2019-07/15/content_5409694.htm. Healthy China Action Promotion Committee. Healthy China Action (2019-2030)[EB/OL]. (2019-07-15)[2024-01-12]. https://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2019-07/15/content_5409694.htm. (in Chinese)
[14]	DE ONIS M, ONYANGO A W, BORGHI E, et al. Development of a WHO growth reference for school-aged children and adolescents[J]. Bull World Health Organ, 2007, 85(9): 660-667. doi: 10.2471/BLT.07.043497
[15]	FLYNN J T, KAELBER D C, BAKER-SMITH C M, et al. Clinical practice guideline for screening and management of high blood pressure in children and adolescents[J]. Pediatrics, 2017, 140(3): 1-2.
[16]	ZHU Y, GUO P, ZOU Z, et al. Status of cardiovascular health in Chinese children and adolescents: a cross-sectional study in China[J]. JACC Asia, 2022, 2(1): 87-100. doi: 10.1016/j.jacasi.2021.09.007
[17]	WANG G, JIANG Y, ZHANG Y, et al. Sacrificing sleep for scores: a cross-cultural perspective on the hidden costs of sleep loss in adolescents[J]. Behav Sleep Med, 2016, 14(5): 581-583. doi: 10.1080/15402002.2016.1201966
[18]	SMALDONE A, HONIG J C, BYRNE M W. Sleepless in America: inadequate sleep and relationships to health and well-being of our nation's children[J]. Pediatrics, 2007, 119(Suppl 1): S29-S37.
[19]	BASNER M, DINGES D F. Sleep duration in the United States 2003-2016: first signs of success in the fight against sleep deficiency?[J]. Sleep, 2018, 41(4): 1-16.
[20]	FU X, ZHANG K, CHEN X, et al. Report on national mental health development in China (2019-2020)[R]. Beijing: Social Science Liter Press, 2021.
[21]	CHEN X, KE Z LING, CHEN Y, et al. The prevalence of sleep problems among children in mainland China: a Meta-analysis and systemic-analysis[J]. Sleep Med, 2021, 83: 248-255. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2021.04.014
[22]	MELTZER L J, WILLIAMSON A A, MINDELL J A. Pediatric sleep health: it matters, and so does how we define it[J]. Sleep Med Rev, 2021, 57: 101425. doi: 10.1016/j.smrv.2021.101425
[23]	HALE L, TROXEL W, BUYSSE D J. Sleep health: an opportunity for public health to address health equity[J]. Ann Rev Public Health, 2020, 41: 81-99. doi: 10.1146/annurev-publhealth-040119-094412
[24]	WANG Y, ZHAO L, GAO L, et al. Health policy and public health implications of obesity in China[J]. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol, 2021, 9(7): 446-461. doi: 10.1016/S2213-8587(21)00118-2
[25]	WANG Y, XUE H, SUN M, et al. Prevention and control of obesity in China[J]. Lancet Global Health, 2019, 7(9): e1166-e1167. doi: 10.1016/S2214-109X(19)30276-1
[26]	YANG Y, HU X M, CHEN T J, et al. Rural-urban differences of dietary patterns, overweight, and bone mineral status in Chinese students[J]. Nutrients, 2016, 8(9): 537. doi: 10.3390/nu8090537
[27]	DONG Y, MA Y, DONG B, et al. Geographical variation and urban-rural disparity of overweight and obesity in chinese school-aged children between 2010 and 2014: two successive national cross-sectional surveys[J]. BMJ Open, 2019, 9(4): e025559. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-025559
[28]	State Council of the PRC. Promoting physical activity and enhancing physical fitness of children and adolescents[EB/OL]. (2007-05-07)[2023-07-11]. https://www.gov.cn/gongbao/content/2007/content_663655.htm.
[29]	WANG Y, FENG L, ZENG G, et al. Effects of cuisine-based Chinese heart-healthy diet in lowering blood pressure among adults in China: multicenter, single-blind, randomized, parallel controlled feeding trial[J]. Circulation, 2022, 146(4): 303-315. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.122.059045
[30]	CHU D T, MINH NGUYET N T, DINH T C, et al. An update on physical health and economic consequences of overweight and obesity[J]. Diabetes Metab Syndr Clin Res Rev, 2018, 12(6): 1095-1100. doi: 10.1016/j.dsx.2018.05.004
[31]	WANG W, WANG X, LIU L, et al. Dietary tryptophan and the risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes: total effect and mediation effect of sleep duration[J]. Obesity, 2022, 30(2): 515-523. doi: 10.1002/oby.23343
[32]	NYBERG S T, BATTY G D, PENTTI J, et al. Obesity and loss of disease-free years owing to major non-communicable diseases: a multicohort study[J]. Lancet Public Health, 2018, 3(10): e490-e497. doi: 10.1016/S2468-2667(18)30139-7
[33]	WANG F, LIU H, WAN Y, et al. Sleep duration and overweight/obesity in preschool-aged children: a prospective study of up to 48 922 Children of the Jiaxing Birth Cohort[J]. Sleep, 2016, 39(11): 2013-2019. doi: 10.5665/sleep.6234
[34]	RANGARAJ V R, KNUTSON K L. Association between sleep deficiency and cardiometabolic disease: implications for health disparities[J]. Sleep Med, 2016, 18: 19-35. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2015.02.535
[35]	FILIP I, TIDMAN M, SAHEBA N, et al. Public health burden of sleep disorders: underreported problem[J]. J Public Health, 2016, 25(3): 243-248.
[36]	HO-PHAM L T, NGUYEN U D T, TRAN T X, et al. Discordance in the diagnosis of diabetes: comparison between HbA1c and fasting plasma glucose[J]. 2017, 12(8): e0182192.