Effects of schoolbags use on musculoskeletal health among adolescents

KONG Lingjun; ZHOU Xin; FANG Min

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.02.034

Volume 43 Issue 2

Feb. 2022

Turn off MathJax

Article Contents

Article Navigation > CHINESE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH > 2022 > 43(2): 308-311

KONG Lingjun, ZHOU Xin, FANG Min. Effects of schoolbags use on musculoskeletal health among adolescents[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH, 2022, 43(2): 308-311. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.02.034

Citation:

KONG Lingjun, ZHOU Xin, FANG Min. Effects of schoolbags use on musculoskeletal health among adolescents[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH, 2022, 43(2): 308-311. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.02.034

Citation:

PDF( 356 KB)

Effects of schoolbags use on musculoskeletal health among adolescents

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2022.02.034

KONG Lingjun¹,
ZHOU Xin¹,
FANG Min^{1, 2
,
,}

1.
Institute of Tuina, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai (200437), China

Received Date: 2021-08-28
Rev Recd Date: 2021-10-22

Available Online: 2022-02-24

Publish Date: 2022-02-25

Abstract

Abstract

Previous epidemiological studies indicated that weight of schoolbag in most countries is far higher than that recommended guidelines. Heavy schoolbags seriously affect the healthy development of the musculoskeletal system of adolescents, which not only leads to abnormal posture e.g. rounded shoulders, hunchback and head forward, but also is one of the main causes of adolescent musculoskeletal diseases such as cervical spondylosis, low back pain and scoliosis. However, adolescents and their parents do not fully understand the harm of heavy schoolbags, let alone the health knowledge regarding the choice and use of schoolbags. Therefore, the review introduces current evidence regarding the association between schoolbag and adolescent musculoskeletal system diseases, as well as schoolbag selection and use, with the aim to arouse the attention of teenagers and their parents and relevant health education departments.
- Weight-bearing,
- Musculoskeletal development,
- Health status,
- Adolescent

FullText(HTML)

References(34)

References

[1]	李洪杰, 苏淑阁, 任晓菲, 等. 广州哈尔滨两市中小学生书包使用情况[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2015, 36(12): 1807-1810. http://www.cjsh.org.cn/article/id/zgxxws201512014 LI H J, SU S G, REN X F, et al. Investigation on schoolbags usage situation among students in Guangzhou and Harbin[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2015, 36(12): 1807-1810. http://www.cjsh.org.cn/article/id/zgxxws201512014
[2]	俞丹丹, 张亚宁, 王丽华, 等. 上海市金山区小学生书包负重现状[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2016, 37(8): 1167-1169. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2016.08.015 YU D D, ZHANG Y N, WANG L H, et al. Schoolbag weight by primary students in Jinshan District in Shanghai[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2016, 37(8): 1167-1169. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2016.08.015
[3]	MWAKA E S, MUNABI I G, BUWEMBO W, et al. Musculoskeletal pain and school bag use: a cross-sectional study among Ugandan pupils[J]. BMC Res Notes, 2014, 7: 222. doi: 10.1186/1756-0500-7-222
[4]	CALVO-MUÑOZ I, KOVACS F M, ROQUÉ M, et al. The association between the weight of schoolbags and low back pain among schoolchildren: a systematic review, Meta-analysis and individual patient data Meta-analysis[J]. Eur J Pain, 2020, 24(1): 91-109. doi: 10.1002/ejp.1471
[5]	SPITERI K, BUSUTTIL ML, AQUILINA S, et al. Schoolbags and back pain in children between 8 and 13 years: a national study[J]. Br J Pain, 2017, 11(2): 81-86. doi: 10.1177/2049463717695144
[6]	DIANAT I, ALIPOUR A, ASGHARI J M. Prevalence and risk factors of low back pain among school age children in Iran[J]. Health Promot Perspect, 2017, 7(4): 223-229. doi: 10.15171/hpp.2017.39
[7]	SUNDELL C G, BERGSTRÖM E, LARSÉN K. Low back pain and associated disability in Swedish adolescents[J]. Scand J Med Sci Sports, 2019, 29(3): 393-399. doi: 10.1111/sms.13335
[8]	NOLL M, CANDOTTI C T, ROSA B N, et al. Back pain prevalence and associated factors in children and adolescents: an epidemiological population study[J]. Rev Saude Publica, 2016, 50: 31. http://www.researchgate.net/profile/Matias_Noll/publication/303871186_Back_pain_prevalence_and_associated_factors_in_children_and_adolescents_an_epidemiological_population_study/links/575cda9308ae9a9c955741d0/Back-pain-prevalence-and-associated-factors-in-children-and-adolescents-an-epidemiological-population-study.pdf
[9]	MINGHELLI B. Musculoskeletal spine pain in adolescents: epidemiology of non-specific neck and low back pain and risk factors[J]. J Orthop Sci, 2019. DOI: 10.1016/j.jos.2019.10.008.
[10]	KęDRA A, KOLWICZ-GAńKO A, SITARSKI D, et al. Prevalence of back pain and the knowledge of preventive measures in a cohort of 11619 Polish school-age children and youth: an epidemiological study[J]. Medicine (Baltimore), 2019, 98(22): e15729. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000015729
[11]	APRILE I, STASIO E D, VINCENZI M T, et al. The relationship between back pain and school bag use: a cross-sectional study of 5318 Italian students[J]. Spine J, 2016. DOI: 10.1016/j.spinee.2016.01.214
[12]	DIANAT I, JAVADIVALA Z, ALLAHVERDIPOUR H. School bag weight and the occurrence of shoulder, hand/wrist and low back symptoms among iranian elementary schoolchildren[J]. Health Promot Perspect, 2011, 1(1): 76-85. http://hpp.tbzmed.ac.ir/Files/2011-9-3-11-12-4.pdf
[13]	HAMZAT T K, ABDULKAREEM T A, AKINYINKA O O, et al. Backpack-related musculoskeletal symptoms among Nigerian secondary school students[J]. Rheumatol Int, 2014, 34(9): 1267-1273. doi: 10.1007/s00296-014-2962-x
[14]	TOBIAS J H, DEERE K, PALMER S, et al. Joint hypermobility is a risk factor for musculoskeletal pain during adolescence: findings of a prospective cohort study[J]. Arthritis Rheum, 2013, 65(4): 1107-1115. doi: 10.1002/art.37836
[15]	ALOISI A M. Gonadal hormones and sex differences in pain reactivity[J]. Clin J Pain, 2003, 19(3): 168-174. doi: 10.1097/00002508-200305000-00004
[16]	ADEYEMI A J, ROHANI J M, ABDUL R M R. Backpack-back pain complexity and the need for multifactorial safe weight recommendation[J]. Appl Ergon, 2017, 58: 573-582. doi: 10.1016/j.apergo.2016.04.009
[17]	BEN A H, YAICH S, TRIGUI M, et al. Prevalence, risk factors and outcomes of neck, shoulders and low-back pain in secondary-school children[J]. J Res Health Sci, 2019, 19(1): e00440. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31133629
[18]	DOCKRELL S, KANE C, O' KEEFE E. Schoolbag weight and the effects of schoolbag carriage on secondary school students[J]. Ergonomics, 2006, 9(1): 216-222. http://www.iea.cc/ECEE/pdfs/art0212.pdf
[19]	CHEN Y L, MU Y C. Effects of backpack load and position on body strains in male schoolchildren while walking[J]. PLoS One, 2018, 13(3): e0193648. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0193648
[20]	ABDELRAOUF O R, HAMADA H A, SELIM A, et al. Effect of backpack shoulder straps length on cervical posture and upper trapezius pressure pain threshold[J]. J Phys Ther Sci, 2016, 28(9): 2437-2440. doi: 10.1589/jpts.28.2437
[21]	MOSAAD D M, ABDEL-AZIEM A A. Backpack carriage effect on head posture and ground reaction forces in school children[J]. Work, 2015, 52(1): 203-209. doi: 10.3233/WOR-152043
[22]	VAGHELA N P, PAREKH S K, PADSALA D, et al. Effect of backpack loading on cervical and sagittal shoulder posture in standing and after dynamic activity in school going children[J]. J Fam Med Prim Care, 2019, 8(3): 1076-1081. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_367_18
[23]	MO S W, XU D Q, LI J X, et al. Effect of backpack load on the head, cervical spine and shoulder postures in children during gait termination[J]. Ergonomics, 2013, 56(12): 1908-1916. doi: 10.1080/00140139.2013.851281
[24]	BRZęK A, DWORRAK T, STRAUSS M, et al. The weight of pupils' schoolbags in early school age and its influence on body posture[J]. BMC Muscul Dis, 2017, 18(1): 117. doi: 10.1186/s12891-017-1462-z
[25]	AHMAD H N, BARBOSA T M. The effects of backpack carriage on gait kinematics and kinetics of schoolchildren[J]. Sci Rep, 2019, 9(1): 3364. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-40076-w
[26]	PAU M, LEBAN B, CORONA F, et al. School-based screening of plantar pressures during level walking with a backpack among overweight and obese schoolchildren[J]. Ergonomics, 2016, 59(5): 697-703. doi: 10.1080/00140139.2015.1077275
[27]	LEE J, YOON Y J, SHIN C S. The effect of backpack load carriage on the kinetics and kinematics of ankle and knee joints during uphill walking[J]. J Appl Biomech, 2017, 33(6): 397-405. doi: 10.1123/jab.2016-0221
[28]	PAEZ-MOGUER J, MONTES-ALGUACIL J, GARCIA-PAYA I, et al. Variation of spatiotemporal parameters in school children carrying different backpack loads: a cross sectional study[J]. Sci Rep, 2019, 9(1): 12192. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-48675-3
[29]	HADID A, KATZ I, HAKER T, et al. Effect of load carriage on upper limb performance[J]. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 2017, 49(5): 1006-1014. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000001192
[30]	NYLUND T, MATTILA V M, SALMI T, et al. Recovery of brachial plexus lesions resulting from heavy backpack use: a follow-up case series[J]. BMC Musculoskelet Disord, 2011, 12: 62. doi: 10.1186/1471-2474-12-62
[31]	国家卫生健康委员会. 中小学生书包卫生要求: WS/T 585—2018[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2018. National Health Commission of the PRC. Hygienic requirements of student's schoolbag in primary and middle schools: WS/T 585-2018[S]. Beijing: Standards Press of China, 2018.
[32]	DIANAT I, KARIMI M A. Association of parental awareness of using schoolbags with musculoskeletal symptoms and carrying habits of schoolchildren[J]. J Sch Nurs, 2014, 30(6): 440-447. doi: 10.1177/1059840513509110
[33]	ALSIDDIKY A, ALATASSI R, ALSAADOUNI F N, et al. Assessment of perceptions, knowledge, and attitudes of parents regarding children's schoolbags and related musculoskeletal health[J]. J Orthop Surg Res, 2019, 14(1): 113. doi: 10.1186/s13018-019-1142-9
[34]	VIDAL J, BORRÀS P A, PONSETI F J, et al. Effects of a postural education program on school backpack habits related to low back pain in children[J]. Eur Spine J, 2013, 22(4): 782-787. doi: 10.1007/s00586-012-2558-7