Effect of pregnancy-related anxiety on executive function of preschool children and gender difference

XIE Jingjing; WANG Xiaoxu; YAN Shuangqin; XU Yeqing; ZHU Peng; HAO Jiahu; TAO Fangbiao; HUANG Kun

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.09.020

Volume 42 Issue 9

Sep. 2021

Turn off MathJax

Article Contents

Article Navigation > CHINESE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH > 2021 > 42(9): 1359-1363

XIE Jingjing, WANG Xiaoxu, YAN Shuangqin, XU Yeqing, ZHU Peng, HAO Jiahu, TAO Fangbiao, HUANG Kun. Effect of pregnancy-related anxiety on executive function of preschool children and gender difference[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH, 2021, 42(9): 1359-1363. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.09.020

Citation:

XIE Jingjing, WANG Xiaoxu, YAN Shuangqin, XU Yeqing, ZHU Peng, HAO Jiahu, TAO Fangbiao, HUANG Kun. Effect of pregnancy-related anxiety on executive function of preschool children and gender difference[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH, 2021, 42(9): 1359-1363. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.09.020

Citation:

XIE Jingjing, WANG Xiaoxu, YAN Shuangqin, XU Yeqing, ZHU Peng, HAO Jiahu, TAO Fangbiao, HUANG Kun. Effect of pregnancy-related anxiety on executive function of preschool children and gender difference[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH, 2021, 42(9): 1359-1363. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.09.020

PDF( 1014 KB)

Effect of pregnancy-related anxiety on executive function of preschool children and gender difference

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2021.09.020

XIE Jingjing^{1, 2},
WANG Xiaoxu^{1, 2},
YAN Shuangqin³,
XU Yeqing³,
ZHU Peng^{1, 2},
HAO Jiahu^{1, 2},
TAO Fangbiao^{1, 2},
HUANG Kun^{1, 2, 4
,
,}

1.
Departmetn of Maternal Child and Adolescent Health School of Public Health/Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle/Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, Hefei(230032), China

Received Date: 2020-12-29
Rev Recd Date: 2021-01-28

Available Online: 2021-09-24

Publish Date: 2021-09-24

Abstract

Abstract

Objective To understand the effect of pregnancy-related anxiety on preschool children's executive functions(EFs) and gender difference in order to optimize the early development environment of offspring life. Methods This study was based on the China-Anhui Birth Cohort Study. Pregnant women from Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital in Ma'anshan, Anhui province between October 2008 and October 2010 were recruited. The general information of pregnant women and the pregnancy-related anxiety were collected prospectively in the first trimester of pregnancy. A cohort of 3 556 children aged 3-5 were followed up and their basic characteristics were collected. Executive function of preschool children was assessed by Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function-Preschool Version(BRIEF) (parent version). Results In boys compared with the control group pregnancy￣related anxiety in the first trimester of pregnancy was associated with the risk of abnormality in working memory planning/organization and GEC[OR(95%CI) = 1.40(1.06-1.85), 1.64(1.06-2.54), 1.89(1.27-2.82)]. Anxiety in the both trimesters of pregnancy was as-sociated with the risk of abnormality in inhibition working memory planning/organization and GEC[OR(95%CI) = 2.60(1.45-4.67), 2.45(1.69-3.57), 2.23(1.28-3.88), 3.27(2.03-5.28)] . In girls pregnancy-related anxiety in the first trimester of pregnancy was associated with the risk of abnormality in inhibition and working memory [OR(95%CI) = 1.79(1.13-2.83), 1.45(1.07-1.98)] . Anxiety in the third trimester of pregnancy was associated with the risk of abnormality in inhibition [OR(95%CI) = 2.26(1.17-4.38)] . Anxiety in both trimesters of pregnancy was associated with the risk of abnormality in inhibition and working memory [OR(95%CI) = 2.45(1.40-4.28), 2.02(1.35-3.01)] . Conclusion Pregnancy-related anxiety significantly affected the executive function of preschool children, and there was a significant dose-response relationship. Pregnancy-related anxiety primarily affects working memory, planning/organization and GEC function in boys, and the working memory, inhibition function in girls.
- Pregnancy,
- Anxiety,
- Mental health,
- Regression analysis,
- Child, preschool

FullText(HTML)

References(20)

References

[1]	FIELD T. Prenatal anxiety effects: a review[J]. Infant Behav Dev, 2017, 49: 120-128. doi: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2017.08.008
[2]	DENNIS C L, FALAH-HASSANI K, SHIRI R. Prevalence of antenatal and postnatal anxiety: systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. Br J Psychiatry, 2017, 210(5): 315-323. doi: 10.1192/bjp.bp.116.187179
[3]	KOELEWIJN J M, SLUIJS A M, VRIJKOTTE T G M. Possible relationship between general and pregnancy-related anxiety during the first half of pregnancy and the birth process: a prospective cohort study[J]. BMJ Open, 2017, 7(5): e13413. http://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/7/5/e013413.full
[4]	NATH A, VENKATESH S, BALAN S, The prevalence and determinants of pregnancy-related anxiety amongst pregnant women at less than 24 weeks of pregnancy in Bangalore, Southern India[J]. Int J Womens Health, 2019, 10(11): 241-248. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31114392
[5]	WALL V, PREMJI S S, LETOURNEAU N, et al. Factors associated with pregnancy-related anxiety in Tanzanian women: a cross sectional study[J]. BMJ Open, 2018, 8(6): e020056. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-020056
[6]	DAVIS E P, SANDMAN C A. The timing of prenatal exposure to maternal cortisol and psychosocial stress is associated with human infant cognitive development[J]. Child Dev, 2010, 81(1): 131-148. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8624.2009.01385.x
[7]	BUSS C, DAVIS E P, HOBEL C J, et al. Maternal pregnancy-specific anxiety is associated with child executive function at 6-9 years age[J]. Stress, 2011, 14(6): 665-676. doi: 10.3109/10253890.2011.623250
[8]	赵鑫, 周仁来. 基于中央执行功能的儿童工作记忆可塑性机制[J]. 心理科学进展, 2014, 22(2): 220-226. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XLXD201402003.htm ZHAO X, ZHOU R L. The plasticity of executive function of Cchildren[J]. Adv Psychol Sci, 2014, 22(2): 220-226. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XLXD201402003.htm
[9]	BUSS C, DAVIS E P, MUFTULER L T, et al. High pregnancy anxiety during mid-gestation is associated with decreased gray matter density in 6-9-year-old children[J]. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 2010, 35(1): 141-153. doi: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2009.07.010
[10]	LOOMANS E M, STELT V D O, EIJSDEN V U, et al. Antenatal maternal anxiety is associated with problem behaviour at age five[J]. Early Hum Dev, 2011, 87(8): 565-570. doi: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2011.04.014
[11]	LOOMANS M E, STELT V D O, EIJSDEN V U, et al. High levels of antenatal maternal anxiety are associated with altered cognitive control in five-year-old children[J]. Dev Psychobiol, 2012, 54(4): 441-450. doi: 10.1002/dev.20606
[12]	陈璐, 金一帮, 施建有, 等. 温州地区不良孕产史女性人群的染色体核型分析[J]. 中国妇幼保健, 2019, 34(16): 3738-3741. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZFYB201916037.htm CHEN L, JING Y B, SHI J Y, et al. Karyotype analysis of women with adverse maternal history in wenzhou area[J]. Matern Child Health Care China, 2019, 34(16): 3738-3741. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZFYB201916037.htm
[13]	肖利敏, 陶芳标, 章景丽, 等. 妊娠相关焦虑量表编制及信度评价[J]. 中国公共卫生, 2012, 28(3): 275-277. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGGW201203010.htm XIAO L M, TAO F B, ZHANG J L, et al. Development and reliability evaluation of a Pregnancy-Related Anxiety Questionnaire[J]. Chin J Public Health, 2012, 28(3): 275-277. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGGW201203010.htm
[14]	HERRERAS E B. BRIEF-P: validation study in children in early childhood with neurodevelopmental disorders[J]. SAGE Open, 2019, 9: 1-9. DOI: 10.1177/2158244019879166.
[15]	SPIEGEL J A, LONIGAN C J, PHILLIPS B M. Factor structure and utility of the behavior rating inventory of executive function-preschool version[J]. Psychol Assess, 2017, 29(2): 172-185. doi: 10.1037/pas0000324
[16]	VAN DENHOVE D L, KENIS G, BRASS A, et al. Vulnerability versus resilience to prenatal stress in male and female rats; implications from gene expression profiles in the hippocampus and frontal cortex[J]. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol, 2013, 23(10): 1226-1246. doi: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2012.09.011
[17]	MARKHAM J A, KOENIG J I. Prenatal stress: role in psychotic and depressive diseases[J]. Psychopharmacology (Berl), 2011, 214(1): 89-106. http://www.europepmc.org/articles/PMC3050113/
[18]	BEHAN A T, VAN DENHOVe D L, MUELLER M J, et al. Evidence of female-specific glial deficits in the hippocampus in a mouse model of prenatal stress[J]. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol, 2011, 21(1): 71-79. doi: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2010.07.004
[19]	XU J, YANG B, YAN C, et al. Effects of duration and timing of prenatal stress on hippocampal myelination and synaptophysin expression[J]. Brain Res, 2013, 1527: 57-66. http://europepmc.org/abstract/med/23806778
[20]	SANDI C. Glucocorticoids act on glutamatergic pathways to affect memory processes[J]. Trends Neurosci, 2011, 34(4): 165-176. doi: 10.1016/j.tins.2011.01.006