2018 Vol. 39, No. 10

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2018, 39(10)
Abstract(169) PDF(4)
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Take advantage of the national policy to promote children and adolescents vision health in China
MA Jun
2018, 39(10): 1441-1442,1448. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2018.10.001
Abstract(431) PDF(20)
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The Party Central Committee and the State Council have always attached great importance to children and adolescent health, the agenda in relation to vision health management in children and adolescents has been formally adopted and advanced by the Ministry of Education.This editorial begins with the current situation facing in the myopia showed a trend of younger age,as well as impendency to promote for vision health among Chinese children and adolescents. In pursuit of improved children and adolescent's vision health, promoting health promotion in an all-round way and puting forward to the "implementation plan" as an opportunity in China.
Comparison of youth physique monitoring and subsequent intervention in China and America
CHEN Huawei, DOU Li, SHI Chongyan
2018, 39(10): 1443-1448. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2018.10.002
Abstract(433) PDF(15)
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By using the methods such as literature and comparative study, this paper made a comparison on the health monitoring and subsequent intervention of youngsters between China and the US, and the results showed that the American teenagers' physique monitoring had 3 characteristics: scientific nature and effectiveness of the standard, systematization and directivity of management, as well as the scientific advancement of its electronic application. In the intervention stage of follow-up monitoring, according to the feedback of youth physique monitoring, America made a targeted plan for physical activity and health improvement, which were characterized by non-governmental organizations' active participation and multidimensional intervention, and America paid more attention to the feedback and instruction of monitoring information, set up prize for monitoring of different parts, fitness, active lifestyle awards and other different forms of incentive mechanism. We suggested paying attention to evaluate fitness scientifically and strengthening physique report as well as comprehensive assessment of physical activity, accelerating the electronic application technology, creating governmental social forces to participate in physique monitoring follow-up intervention, carrying out the sunlight sports, adapting and promoting the further development of adolescent physical activity and health promotion plan, and perfecting the function of physique monitoring feedback and monitoring after the reward incentive system.
Analysis of blood glucose distribution of children and adolescents in China
DONG Yanhui, WANG Xijie, YANG Zhaogeng, WANG Zhenghe, LI Yanhui, GAO Di, DONG Bin, ZOU Zhiyong, SONG Yi, MA Jun
2018, 39(10): 1449-1451. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2018.10.003
Abstract(357) PDF(11)
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Objective This study aims to explore the distribution of blood glucose, as well as sex-and age-specific trend in Chinese children and adolescents. Methods A total of 16 745 students aged 6 to 18 were chosen from seven provinces (Hunan, Ningxia hui autonomous region, Tianjin, Chongqing, Liaoning, Shanghai, Guangdong) in China in 2013 through stratified random cluster sampling. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) was evaluated. Results The average level of FPG in children and adolescents aged 6-18 years was 4.66 mmol /L, boys was significantly higher than in girls (4.73 mmol /L vs 4.60 mmol /L) (P<0.05). The impaired fasting glucose (IFG) detection rate was 1.71% (the age-standardized detection rate was 1.83%), with boys significantly higher than in girls (2.40% vs 1.00%, the age-standardized detection rate was 2.60% and 1.00%, respectively) (P<0.05). Within the same age group, boys had higher FPG and IFG detection rate. The same trends were observed in boys and girls with bimodal or"M" shape in average level of FPG and IFG detection rate. Conclusion Fasting plasma glucose and impaired fasting glucose prevalence varies in age and sex. High prevalence of IFG in Chinese children and adolescents aged 6-18 years warrants further investigation.
Injury among primary and middle school students in Beijing during 2016-2017
FU Yun, GUO Xin, ZHENG Ru, XING Yi, LIU Zheng
2018, 39(10): 1452-1454,1458. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2018.10.004
Abstract(266) PDF(13)
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Objective To investigate the current situation of injuries among middle and primary school students in Beijing and to provide a scientific basis for injury prevention and control policies and measures. Methods Totally 19 666 students were selected from 102 primary and middle schools in 16 districts of Beijing through multistage sampling method. A retrospective investigation was conducted for injuries occurred during Sep.1st, 2016 to Aug.31th, 2017 using questionnaire method. Results The prevalence of injuries among primary and middle school students in 2016-2017 was 10.68%, with boys 12.98%, and girls 8.63%; grade 1-3 students (7.26%), grade 4-6 students (14.38%); junior high school students (11.80%) and senior high school students (9.55%). Among all types of injuries, falling (6.35%) was the highest. The most common places where injuries occur were: school(43.26%), home(24.76%), and street /road(13.19%); the most common activities causing injuries were: sports(28.78%), walking(26.21%), and entertainments(16.90%); The body part most frequently injured were: lower limbs(41.98%), upper limbs(28.91%), and head(15.32%). The average injury-caused break time was 4.26 d, injury-caused absent from school and hospitalization was 2.27 and 0.55 d, respectively. Conclusion The prevalence of injury among primary and middle school students in Beijing is over 10%. More attention should be paid among boys and higher grade (grade 4-6) students in primary schools. Falling should be considered as target for intervention.
Current situation and analysis of school physicians in primary and secondary schools in 16 provinces in China
YAO Haizhou, ZHU Guangrong, ZHANG Xin, WANG Haixue, ZHANG Bing, MA Jun, WEN Mengmeng, LIU Xiaojing, LIN Yi, ZHOU Yan, YANG Junfen, PANG Shulan, FENG Xiaoping
2018, 39(10): 1455-1458. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2018.10.005
Abstract(385) PDF(17)
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Objective To analyze the status of school physicians in primary and secondary schools in China, and to provide possible reference for strengthening the school physician team in primary and secondary schools in China. Methods Investigated provinces were selected by stratified cluster sampling method according to China three major economic zones, 1 or 2 research centers were selected from each province above, all schools were surveyed in each research center. A total of 16 provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities, 26 survey points and 10 027 primary and secondary schools were selected, and 6 466 schools which had a school size of more than 600 people or boarding schools were selected for analysis. Results For all schools, 33.1%(2 140 / 6 466) schools had at least one school physician, an average of 2 814.6 students shared 1 school physician and 5.0%(321 /6 466) schools with qualified number of school physicians. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the equip rate of school physicians was affected by the economic zone, school type, school boarding system, school size, urban and rural factors(P<0.05). Compared with schools in the middle region, schools in the eastern region (OR= 3.30, 95%CI = 2.86-3.81) and west region (OR= 1.66, 95%CI = 1.40-1.96) with a higher probability in school physician equipment. Compared with primary schools, middle schools (OR= 2.06, 95%CI = 1.79-2.36) and high schools (OR= 7.93, 95%CI = 6.36-9.89) with a higher probability in school physician equipment; Boarding schools had a higher probability in school physician equipment than non-boarding schools(OR= 1.34, 95%CI = 1.11-1.61); Schools with students higher = 600 had a higher probability in school physician equipment than schools with students <600(OR= 1.72, 95%CI = 1.40-2.12); Compared with rural schools, schools in urban areas (OR = 2.79, 95%CI = 2.39-3.25) had a higher probability in school physician equipment. Conclusion School physicians in primary and secondary schools in China are not enough; there are significant differences between different economic development zones and different school types. The gaps in rural primary schools and small-sized boarding schools in the central and western regions are particularly serious. It is necessary to explore appropriate policies and strengthen the construction of school physician team.
Reliability and validity of core competency scale in public health students in China
YE Zhoufeng, WANG Shumei, CHEN Yao, LI Fenfen, REN Jun
2018, 39(10): 1459-1462. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2018.10.006
Abstract(440) PDF(9)
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Objective To analyze the reliability and validity of the core competency scale of injury prevention in public health students in China, and to provide a reliable instrument for assessing injury prevention competency of public health professionals. Methods 1 183 postgraduates and final year undergraduates randomly selected from college of public health of 8 universities in the Northern, Southeastern, middle and southern China were investigated in the survey. The reliability and validity analysis was divided into three parts, including item analysis, reliability test and validity test. The item analysis employed homogeneity test and critical value test; The reliability test used Cronbach α coefficient test and test-retest reliability test; The validity test used confirmatory factor analysis for structural validity test. Results The correlation coefficient of the homogeneity test in the item analysis was between 0.58-0.82, and the scores of the 31 items were significantly different(P<0.01); The overall Cronbach α was 0.98, the Cronbach α interval of each dimension was 0.91-0.94, and the retest correlation coefficient of each dimension was between 0.71- 0.77, and the differences were significant(P<0.01); The results of confirmatory factor analysis of the structural validity test were χ2 /df = 3.89, GFI = 0.92, AGFI = 0.89, RMSEA= 0.05, CFI = 0.966, CN= 339. Conclusion The core competency scale for injury prevention in public health students in China are of high reliability and validity and can be an effective instrument to assess the competence for Injury prevention and control of students from public health major.
Regional feature in vitamin B12 related gene polymorphisms among minority students in primary and middle schools
ZHANG Chunhong, HUO Junsheng, SUN Jing, HUANG Jian, PIAO Wei, WANG Ou
2018, 39(10): 1463-1465. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2018.10.007
Abstract(457) PDF(7)
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Objective To analyze the regional feature vitamin B12-related gene polymorphisms in minority students, and to provide basic data for the relevant study. Methods This study collected 25 SNPs of the previous reports and the blood cell samples of 384 minority adolescents in the poor rural areas from Guangxi, Inner Mongolia and Xinjiang in 2016, DNA was extracted with immunomagnetic beads,Sequenom MassArray genotyping assay, and data results were analyzed by SPSS 16.0. Results The results showed that 11 SNPs were of statistically significant differences in the geographical distribution. The r2 were 1 between rs492602 and rs602662 on chromosome 19 for Uygur, Mongolian and Zhuang. The r2 between rs234706 and rs234713 on chromosome 21 was found imbalanced in the three areas. The r2 was 0.81 for students in Guangxi. Conclusion The study showed regional differences in vitamin B12 gene polymorphisms among minority adolescents.
Effect evaluation of Western First Responder training system on first aid skills among college students
ZHENG Xinhua, LI Xin, ZHANG Junfeng, LI Qin, WU Kongju, WANG Jihong, WANG Zhanglin, YU Xiaozhu, MA Suli, YUAN Fengjuan
2018, 39(10): 1466-1468. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2018.10.008
Abstract(325) PDF(7)
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Objective To evaluate an effective system of training college students for first aid skills based on Western First Responder training system. Methods Totally 1 625 non-medical college students were trained based on Western First Responder training system. Class teaching and on-line teaching were applied and their first aid skills were evaluated. The differences of theoretical and practical score, passing rate were compared before and after the training. Meanwhile, the effect of covariates, including gender, grade, territoriality and difference between town and county, on training were analyzed. Results Before the training, the students' average theoretical score, practical score, passing rate of theoretical, practical score and First Responder system were(17.63±4.87), (21.72±6.08), 5.67%, 6.16% and 4.88%, respectively. After the training, the scores and the passing rate were promoted significantly, they were (61.48±14.16), (79.24±18.54), 58.71%, 63.88% and 55.57%, respectively, these differences were statistically significant(t /χ2 = 113.63, 118.89, 1 061.10, 1 025.70, 988.50, P<0.01). Gender, grade, region, and whether from town or country had no effect on the scores(P>0.05). Conclusion College students are competent for the Western First Responder training system. It was of practical significance to train college students based on standard international training system.
Path analysis of health literacy, health related behavior and quality of life among college students in Hangzhou
HUA Le, ZHOU Xueyang, HUANG Xianhong
2018, 39(10): 1469-1471. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2018.10.009
Abstract(386) PDF(11)
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Objective To understand the current status of health literacy, health-related behaviors and quality of life among college students. Methods All the participants were investigated with Health and Wellness of College Students, Chinese Adolescent Health Related Behavior Questionnaire (college students version) and the SF-36 Health Survey Scale. Multiple linear regression and structural equation model were used in statistical analysis. Results The average score of quality of life was (64.87± 25.23). Health literacy, dietary habits, exercise behavior, and drinking behavior showed significant impact on quality of life(P< 0.05). Structural equation model analysis showed that health-related knowledge indirectly affected physiological health (0.161) and psychological health (0.137) through health-related behaviors; healthy lifestyle indirectly affected physiological health (0.063) and psychological health (0.130) through health-related behaviors. Conclusion Health literacy has direct effect on quality of life, as well as indirect effect through health-related behaviors. This article articulates the need to develop health literacy courses and specific health literacy intervention for college students.
Effects of motor competence on physical activity of children and adolescents: a systematic review
WANG Zhengsong, LI Hongjuan, ZHANG Liu
2018, 39(10): 1472-1475,1480. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2018.10.010
Abstract(380) PDF(14)
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Objective To review the scientific evidence on associations between motor competence (MC) on physical activity (PA) in children and adolescents. Methods Systematic search was undertaken to search studies examining associations between MC and PA, including longitudinal (cohort) studies and randomized controlled trials (RCT) in children and adolescents. The origin, design, sample, measure of MC, measure of the PA, main results and statistics of the studies were analyzed, and a narrative synthesis was conducted. Results Twenty-three studies were included. There was moderate scientific evidence (1a to 2c level) supporting an effect of MC on later PA among children and adolescents. Average score of PEDro was 7.5. Evidence from RCTs suggested uncertain effects of MC on PA. Conclusion The development of motor competence during childhood may augment physical activity and may serve to enhance the development of long-term health outcomes in children and adolescents. More high quality RCTs are needed to verify the specific impacts of developing MC on PA. MC training should be incorporated into Chinese school physical educations in the future.
Physical activity and its determinants during leisure time among junior high school students in Jinshan District, Shanghai
YU Dandan, ZHANG Li, XUAN Guo, ZHANG Lingling, WANG Lihua
2018, 39(10): 1476-1480. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2018.10.011
Abstract(279) PDF(4)
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Objective To investigate physical activity and its determinants during leisure time among junior high school students in Jinshan District during the leisure time and to promote physical activity for children and adolescents. Methods Six primary schools were randomly cluster selected and then a class was selected from each grade, in which all students provided the informed consent record the content and time of static and dynamic physical activities on weekdays (from leaving school to arriving at school on the next morning) and on weekends (all day). Results The average of static activity time was 3.70 h and 7.85 h respectively during leisure time on weekdays and weekends; the students with higher grade spent more time on study-related activities and the students on the town also spent more time on static physical activity. The median of dynamic physical activities was 29.0 and 45.0 min respectively on weekdays and weekends, the median of MVPA (moderate and rigorous physical activity) was 14.0 and 17.5 min. About 36.0% students took the initiative transportation way on the weekdays and 11.4% students spent at least one hour on MVPA, the students of grade 7th, residence in town, academic performance above average preferred to MVPA. Conclusion Junior middle school students in Jinshan District have insufficient time for physical activity during the leisure time, and schools, families, and communities should make joint effort to promote physical activities.
A meta-analysis on Internet addiction disorder in Chinese middle school students
ZHANG Zhihua, SUN Yehuan
2018, 39(10): 1481-1485. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2018.10.012
Abstract(281) PDF(21)
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Objective To quantify the prevalence of Internet addiction disorder among middle school students since 2011 in China. Methods Publications were retrieved from China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI), Wanfang Databases, Chinese Science and Technology Journal Databases(VIP) and PubMed. Observational studies on prevalence of Internet addiction disorder were included. Meta-analysis was carried out by using Stata 14 software. Results A total of 25 papers were included in this Metaanalysis. The total number of students investigated was 72 832, with 6 859 Internet addiction disorder identified. Based on Internet Addiction Scale Ⅰ(Xingyi compiled, 10 items, more than 5 points are evaluated as Internet addiction), Internet addiction scaleⅡ (Xingyi compiled, 10 items, conform with the first item and more than 4 points of the other 9 items are evaluated as Internet addiction) and Internet addiction scale Ⅲ(Young KS compiled, 20 items, more than 50 points are evaluated as Internet addiction), the prevalence of Internet addiction disorder in Chinese middle school students was 10. 78%(9. 19% - 12. 48%), 6. 92%(4. 72% - 9.51%) and 10.37%(7.62%-13.49%), respectively. The prevalence was higher in boys than in girls. No significant differences were found between junior school students and senior school students. Conclusion The prevalence of Internet addiction disorder is high among Chinese middle school students, especially among boys. No difference is found between junior and senior middle school students.
Resilience in the relationship between parent-child triangle and self-differentiation among junior and senior school students
AN Qin, MAN Xiaochen
2018, 39(10): 1486-1488. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2018.10.013
Abstract(346) PDF(9)
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Objective To explore mediational role of resilience in the relationship between parent-child triangle and selfdifferentiation among junior and high school students. Methods Totally 411 junior students and 422 senior students were selected to complete a questionnaire survey on parent-child triangulation, resilience and self-differentiation. Results Resilience played a partial mediating role in the relation between parent-child triangulation and self-differentiation, and the mediating effect was 23.0%; The mediation effect of resilience was moderated by grades. For junior students, parent-child triangle predicted resilience, but only among junior students(t = -4.61, P<0.01; t = -0.72, P>0.05); resilience had stronger prediction to self-differentiation among senior students (t = 16.37, P<0.01; t = 13.84, P<0.01; ). Conclusion Parent-child triangle can not only affect the self-differentiation directly, but also indirectly through the mediation of resilience, and this effect is moderated by grade.
Canonical correlation analysis on death anxiety and depressive symptoms among middle school students in Guizhou province
WANG Xiaobin, TIAN Juan, TANG Mei, WANG Junhua, CHEN Xiong
2018, 39(10): 1489-1491. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2018.10.014
Abstract(401) PDF(6)
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Objective To explore the correlation between death anxiety and depressive symptoms among middle school students in Guizhou province. Methods Multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling was used to select 5 092 middle school students from three areas in Guizhou province. All the students were investigated with the Chinese Version of Death Anxiety Scale (T-DAS) and middle school students' depressive symptom scale. Data was analyzed in Pearson correlation and canonical correlation analysis. Results The average score of death anxiety and depressive symptoms was (7.28±3.02) and (2.00±0.77), respectively. Death anxiety, stress and agony, time consciousness and cognition were positively correlated with academic associated depressive symptoms. In canonical correlation analysis, three groups of typical variables with statistical significance were observed, with correlation coefficients being 0.212, 0.101 and 0.047 respectively. The canonical variables indicated significant association between cognition and general depressive symptoms. Stress /agony was positively correlated with general-, interpersonal-, and academic-associated depressive symptoms. Conclusion Death anxiety shows significant association with depressive symptoms. This finding helps develop effective intervention strategies for death anxiety through reducing depressive symptoms, which results in mental health promotion among middle school students.
The influence of college students' mobile phone dependence syndrome on interpersonal sensitivity
LIANG Yan, HU Xiaobin, DU Shan, LI Xueyuan, HOU Yuxuan, ZHANG Huihui
2018, 39(10): 1492-1494. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2018.10.015
Abstract(298) PDF(9)
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Objective To explore the influence of college students' mobile phone dependence syndrome (MPDS) on interpersonal sensitivity, and to provide scientific basis for reasonable usage of mobile phone. Methods Stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 3 023 college students from 10 universities of Lanzhou. And an anonymous investigation was carried out to survey on their dependence on mobile phone and interpersonal sensitivity. Results The overall rate of MPDS in college students was 33.84%(1 023 /3 023), and the overall rate of Interpersonal Sensitivity in college students was 16.84%(509 /3 023). The rate of Interpersonal Sensitivity in college students with MPDS was 20.82%(213 /1023), and the rate of Interpersonal Sensitivity in college students with No MPDS was 14.80%(296 /2 000), the difference were of statistical significance(χ2 = 38.01, P<0.01). College students with MPDS were 1.4 times more likely to develop interpersonal sensitivity than those who with noMPDS. Conclusion College students' MPDS have made a negative influence on their interpersonal sensitivity. Thus, it is necessary to control the incidence of MPDS and to improve their physical and mental health.
Correlation between sedentary behavior and subjective well-being related index among children and adolescents
WANG Jian, FU Hua, SONG Diwen, CHEN De, DONG Yueqing
2018, 39(10): 1495-1498,1501. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2018.10.016
Abstract(341) PDF(11)
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Objective To understand the status and relation of sedentary behavior with subjective well-being among children and adolescents, so as to provide a reference for promoting the mental and physical health of children and adolescents. Methods Data were collected from reports of 628 students in grade 4-8 from one public primary school and one public middle school in Shanghai, by self-evaluation questionnaires regarding TV watching, Internet addiction, game addiction, life satisfaction, personal well-being, positive and negative affect. Results The rate of subjects that were watching TV, doing homework, online and playing video games for a long time was 2.7%,6.0%, 3.6%, 5.1%, respectively. The incidence rate of excessive Internet use and excessive game use was 14.3% and 8.2%, respectively. Long-time Internet access, long-time video games, excessive Internet use and excessive game were negatively correlated with the scores of satisfaction with life scale, personal wellbeing index and positive affect. While negative affect score was positively correlated with those above(P<0.05). The linear-regression analysis showed that the frequency of online games had significant predictive effect on subjective well-being in most domains. Conclusion In order to promote the health of the children and adolescents, attention should be paid to the intervention of sedentary behavior, especially the excessive usage of online games.
Correlation between insomnia and types of traditional Chinese medicine constitution in college students
CHENG Lin, LI Zhong, ZHANG Wei, ZHAO Miao
2018, 39(10): 1499-1501. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2018.10.017
Abstract(343) PDF(17)
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Objective To explore the correlation between insomnia and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) constitution types in college students. Methods Standardized Chinese version of the Athens Insomnia Scale (CAIS 1-8) and TCM Constitution Questionnaire was implemented among 1 080 college students. Factors of CAIS and constitution types were analyzed. Results The proportion of college students reported poor sleep was 35.7%. Female college students complained more fatigue than that of male students(P<0.05). Students of gentleness constitution type accounted for 25.8%. Yin deficiency was the most common in biased constitution, accounting for 16.7%. Insomnia rate showed significant different among different TCM constitution types(P< 0.05). Multiple logistic regression demonstrated the relation between insomnia and TCM constitution types. With gentleness type being the protective factor while yin deficiency, damp-heat and qiquality were risk factors. Conclusion Insomnia among college students correlates with traditional Chinese medicine constitution, indicating insomnia might be improved by regulating TCM constitution.
Meta-analysis of relationship between academic procrastination and time management disposition in China
LI Yingqi, ZHANG Chichen, QIAO Shanshan, ZHANG Min, NIU Zhiying, JIANG Feng
2018, 39(10): 1502-1504,1508. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2018.10.018
Abstract(308) PDF(13)
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Objective To explore the overall relationship between academic procrastination and time management disposition among Chinese students, so as to provide a reference for alleviating academic procrastination. Methods The PubMed, Web of Science, Springer, EBSCO, ProQuest, CNKI database, WAN-FANG DATA,CQVIP and other domestic and foreign databases were searched for literature. Articles on the relationship between academic procrastination and time management disposition were collected and analyzed by CMA2.0 software, and the total effect value (r) and its 95% confidence interval (95%CI) were calculated. Results A total of 54 articles (including 54 independent studies, 24 075 students) were included in the study. The correlation coefficient and 95%CI of academic procrastination was -0.37(-0.42——0.32), and it showed a moderate negative correlation. Students' academic level and gender had a moderating effect on the relationship between them(Q = 17.05, 7.02, P<0.01). All the articles included were impartial. Conclusion There is a close relationship between academic procrastination and time management disposition. The relationship between the two factors is affected by related factors.
Effect of a comprehensive school-based intervention on childhood obesity
LIN Lizi, LI Chenxiong, GAO Aiyu, ZHANG Fang, ZHANG Xuan, LI Jingjing, FENG Qiang, JIN Chuyao, LIU Zheng, WANG Haijun
2018, 39(10): 1505-1508. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2018.10.019
Abstract(433) PDF(17)
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Objective To assess the effectiveness of a comprehensive school-based intervention combining diet and physical activity components with a mobile health technology on childhood obesity. Methods Fifty-eight four-grade students were recruited from an urban and a rural school in Beijing and participated in the 3-months comprehensive intervention. WeChat platform was used to promote communication with students' parents during the intervention period. All students underwent measurements of height, weight, waist circumference, hip circumference, blood pressure, body fat percentage, and obesity-related diet and physical activity behaviors at baseline and three months after the intervention. Results After the intervention, the body mass index Z-score, waist-to-hip ratio and diastolic pressure declined by 0.13 kg /m2, 0.02 and 2.47 mmHg statistically(P<0.05). Healthy eating and physical activity behaviors improved significantly(P<0.05) except for overeating. Conclusion A comprehensive school-based intervention combining diet and physical activity components with a mobile health technology showed moderate effect on improving obesity-related outcomes in children.
Prevalence and associated factors of eyeglass wear and poor visual acuity among primary and secondary school students in Baoji
MENG Fan, LI Xiang, WANG Yue, MA Yue, SHI Yaojiang
2018, 39(10): 1509-1511,1515. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2018.10.020
Abstract(236) PDF(9)
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Objective To analyze prevalence and associated factors of poor visual acuity and eyeglass wear among primary and secondary school students in Baoji. Methods A vision survey among 10 225 students aged 7 to 18 years in Baoji was conducted in April 2016. Prevalence and associated factor of poor visual acuity and eyeglass wear was analyzed. Results The prevalence rate of myopia was 42.84% in Baoji primary and secondary school students, among which 53.47% wore eyeglasses. The rate of poor visual acuity and eyeglass wear was higher among girls than that of boys. Ordinary least square regression analysis showed that the rate of visual impairment increased, while visual acuity decreased with age. The rate of eyeglass wearing increased with age in general (β = 0.042, 95%CI = 0.030,0.054, P<0.01), while being boy decreased the likelihood of eyeglass wear (β = -0.033, 95%CI =-0.060, -0.006, P= 0.02). Conclusion The prevalence rate of poor visual acuity is high, while the rate of eyeglass wear is low in Baoji prefecture. The degree of visual impairment significantly affects the rate of eyeglass wear.
Role of depression in the association between psychological neglect and peer bullying among junior school students
ZHANG Shanshan, ZHANG Ye, YUAN Bo
2018, 39(10): 1512-1515. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2018.10.021
Abstract(301) PDF(8)
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Objective To investigate the association between psychological neglect, depression and campus bullying among junior high school students. Methods A total of 927 junior school students were selected from Liaoning province and were surveyed with child psychological abuse and neglect scale, middle school student's bullying and cyber-bullying scale, as well as self-rating depression scale. Results Except of traditional physical and relational bullying, all the other dimensions of peer bulling were higher among boys than girls (P<0.01) and was higher in grade two than grade one students(P<0.05). Psychological neglect, depression, peer bullying was positively correlated with each other(P<0.01). Psychological neglect directly and indirectly affected peer bullying via depression. The indirect effects of traditional bullying and cyber-bullying accounted for 17.00% and 15.40% of the total effect, respectively. The models fit well(χ2 /df = 3.14, NFI = 0.97, CFI = 0.98, TLI = 0.97, IFI = 0.98, GFI = 0.98, RMSEA= 0.05). Conclusion Strong correlations are found between psychological neglect with depression and peer bullying among junior middle school students in Liaoning. Depression plays a mediating role in the relationship between psychological neglect and peer bullying.
Optimal models among moderate-to-vigorous, vigorous physical activity and body composition during early adulthood
DUAN Dechong, AN Xiaowei, ZHANG Xiaodan
2018, 39(10): 1516-1520. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2018.10.022
Abstract(335) PDF(9)
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Objective To establish the optimal models among moderate-to-vigorous, vigorous physical activity and body composition in university student to find the effective physical activity level which can improve the university students' body composition. Methods Accelerometer was used to monitor physical activity of university students for 7 days in Tianjin. The body composition of the subjects was obtained by Inbody 520. Curve fitting was used to build models between the duration of moderate-to-vigorous, vigorous physical activity and FFM and PBF in university students. The optimal model was obtained according to the principle of maximum Adj. R2 value and minimum AIC value. Results The daily duration of moderate-to-vigorous, vigorous physical activity of male university students were 25.7 and 10.2 minutes, respectively, those for female university students were 20.2 and 6.6 minutes, respectively. The overweight and obesity rates of male university students were 22.9% and 22.3%, respectively, those for female university students were 17.9% and 7.6%, respectively. The percentage of body fat was negatively related to the time for moderate-to-vigorous and vigorous physical activity, while lean body mass was positively correlated to the time. Among the five kinds of fitting curves, only linear, quadratic and cubic equations had significant difference. And cubic, quadratic equation could meet the minimum AIC value and maximum Adj. R2 value for males, females, respectively. Conclusion The optimal curve between the duration of moderate-to-vigorous, vigorous physical activity of males and their FFM and PBF were shown as all cubic equations during early adulthood, while those of females were shown as quadratic equations. Increasing the duration of moderate-to-vigorous, vigorous physical activity may reduce the risk of obesity.
Levels of serum trace elements in children and adolescents aged 7 to 17 years and their relationship with growth and development indicators in Yinchuan and Wuzhong
SUN Lijiao, WANG Ting, LIU Shanghong, CAO Juan, LI Jing, XIE Xiaolian, LI Juan, ZHAO Haiping
2018, 39(10): 1521-1524. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2018.10.023
Abstract(264) PDF(12)
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Objective To examine the relationship between the levels of serum trace elements, such as iron, zinc, copper, calcium, magnesium, with growth and development indicators in children and adolescents aged 7 to 17 years in Yinchuan and Wuzhong, and to provide a basis for reasonable supplementation of trace elements. Methods The stratified cluster sampling method was used to extract 6 primary schools, 5 junior middle schools and 2 senior middle schools in Yinchuan (Xingqing District, Xixia District, Jinfeng District) and Wuzhong. According to the relevant inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 1 860 subjects were selected. After physical examination and intravenous blood collection, the levels of trace elements such as iron, zinc, copper, calcium and magnesium in the centrifuged serum were determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. Results The median level of iron was 20.23 mg /L, the interquartile range was 21.67 mg /L, the median level of zinc was 2.98 mg /L, and the interquartile range was 2.98 mg /L. The median level of copper was 0.76 mg /L, the interquartile range was 0.38 mg /L, the median level of calcium was 72.57 mg /L, and the interquartile range was 38.42 mg /L. The median level of magnesium was 13.59 mg / L and the interquartile range was 6.89 mg /L. The comparison of the total levels of five serum trace elements in children and adolescents of different age groups showed that the levels of iron, zinc, copper and magnesium in the four age groups were statistically significant(Z valus were 20.12, 89.93, 55.23, 55.76, P<0.01). There was no significant in the total levels of five serum trace elements between different genders (Z values were -0.16, -0.77, -1.88, -0.95, -2.06, P>0.05). Iron, zinc, copper and magnesium were related to height and weight. Iron and zinc were positively correlated with height and weight, and copper and magnesium were negatively correlated with height and weight. Zinc was positively correlated with BMI, and copper, magnesium was negatively correlated with BMI. There was a positive correlation between zinc and HAZ. There was a negative correlation between copper, magnesium and WAZ and BAZ. Iron was negatively correlated with BAZ (P<0.05). Conclusion Trace elements such as iron, zinc, copper, calcium and magnesium are of important significance for children's growth and development. Through the interaction between schools and parents, it can improve the awareness of health care and promote children and adolescents' health.
Physical constitution among preschool children aged 3-6 years in Jiangxi Province
QIU Yaoyu, GUAN Yingrong, HUANG Qi
2018, 39(10): 1525-1527. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2018.10.024
Abstract(272) PDF(6)
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Objective To understand physical constitution among preschool children aged 3-6 years in Jiangxi province. Methods According to "National Physical Fitness Evaluation Standard Handbook(Children's Part) ", 5 500 children aged 3-6 years from 55 kindergartens in 11 municipal-level cities of Jiangxi province were selected and assessed. Descriptive analysis was conducted by using SPSS 20.0. Results Overall proportion of standard physical constitution among 3-6 years old children in Jiangxi was 83.6%, which was below the national average in 2014 (93.6%). Performance on in two feet jump test was higher than national level, with boys(4.8 to 8.6 s), and girls(5.1 to 8.8 s). Height, weight and performances in standing long jump and tennis ball throw was below the national average in 2014. Performance on 10-meter shuttle run test, walking on the balance beam and seated forward bands differed with the national average. Conclusion The overall health constitution among 3-6 years-old children in Jiangxi province is worrisome. Better performances are observed in physical coordination, flexibility and balance, while speed and upper /lower limb strength needs to be promoted.
Hemoglobin screening among primary and middle school students in Ningxia in the year of 2005 and 2014
LIU Shanghong, SUN Lijiao, CAO Juan, LI Jing, ZHAO Haiping, NIU Xiaoli
2018, 39(10): 1528-1531. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2018.10.025
Abstract(226) PDF(8)
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Objective To understand the changes in low hemoglobin count and its relationship with body mass index (BMI) in Ningxia children. Methods A total of 7 671 children aged 7, 9, 12 and 14 years old were selected from the Chinese National Survey on Student's Constitution and Health of Ningxia in the year of 2005 and 2014. The prevalence of low hemoglobin count in children and its relationship with BMI was analyzed. Results The prevalence of low hemoglobin significantly increased from 6.7% in 2005 to 8.8% in 2014. Percentage change from baseline was 31.3%. The percentage of male and female students with low hemoglobin was(6.4%, 6.9%) in 2005, and(8.1%, 9.4%) in 2014. The difference was statistically significant among females. Significant difference was found between urban and rural areas in both 2005 and 2014(P<0.05). The prevalence of low hemoglobin was highest in low economic regions(12.5%) in 2005, followed by moderate (3.0%) and high economic area (2.1%). The prevalence was found highest in high economic regions (10.8%) in 2014, followed by moderate (8.7%) and low economic areas (5.9%). No significant differences in prevalence of low hemoglobin were found among students with different BMI levels, however, female obesity positively correlated with low hemoglobin(OR= 2.049, 95%CI = 1.14-3.67). Conclusion The increasing trend in low hemoglobin prevalence is observed, especially among girls, rural areas and Hui ethnic students.
Combined effect of menarche, spermatorrhea and time of outdoors activity on vision among students
LI Yanhui, YANG Zhaogeng, DONG Bin, DONG Yanhui, WANG Xijie, MA Jun
2018, 39(10): 1532-1535. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2018.10.026
Abstract(331) PDF(10)
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Objective To analyze the combined effect of menarche, spermatorrhea and time for outdoors activity on vision of Chinese students, so as to provide a theoretical basis for making strategies and measure of preventing and controlling poor eyesight among children and adolescents. Methods Based on the 2012 baseline survey, the study was conducted among 17 210 primary and middle school students randomly selected from 7 provinces and cities in China by using stratified cluster sampling method. According to different combinations of adolescent developmental indicators and outdoor times, the subjects were divided into 4 groups. The incidence of poor eyesight was investigated by age and sex, and multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the combined effect of menarche, spematorrhea and outside times on vision of students. Results The incidence of poor eyesight among these students was 70.9%. There were significant differences in the prevalence of poor visual acuity among the different combined groups between menarche, spermatorrhea and outdoor times(χ2 = 74.17, 262.06, P<0.01), regardless of boys or girls, the prevalence of poor eyesight was the highest in the group of menarche, spermatorrhea and outdoor time less than 2 hours(76.0%, 77.8%), followed by the group of menarche, spermatorrhea and outdoor time more than 2 hours (71.9%, 73.8%), and the group of without menarche, spermatorrhea and outdoor time more than 2 hours was the lowest (62.9%, 56.1%). After adjustment of age, region, study habits and other factors by logistic model, students in the group of menarche, spermatorrhea and outdoor time less than 2 hours had a significantly higher risk of poor eyesight than those in the group of without menarche, spermatorrhea and outdoor time more than 2 hours [ OR(95%CI) = 1.46(1.27- 1.69) ]; Analysis by gender indicated that boys and girls also showed the same trend [OR(95%CI) = 1.38(1.13-1.67), OR(95%CI) = 1.54(1.24-1.90) ]. Conclusion Menarche, spermatorrhea and outdoor time are closely related to poor eyesight among Chinese students. Regardless of the gender, poor visual acuity is more likely to occur when students enter puberty and have shorter outdoor times. Therefore, increasing the time of outdoor activity among students before puberty can prevent future vision problems.
Effect and satisfaction of direct drinking water equipment in middle and primary schools of Shanghai
DOU Guanshen, YING Xiaohua
2018, 39(10): 1536-1539. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2018.10.027
Abstract(282) PDF(5)
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Objective To evaluate the impact of direct drinking water equipment on drinking habit and student satisfaction on direct drinking water equipment. Methods This research investigated 1 117 students via network questionnaire survey. The contents of questionnaire included drinking habit before and after direct drinking water equipment launched, as well as satisfaction to the equipment. Results After direct drinking water equipment launched, an increase of 23.0% (n = 123) students chose drinking water at school, and a decrease of 88 students (19.8%) consuming less than 500 ml of water per day. Equipment usage was higher in primary schools (97.7%) than junior (82.1%) and senior middle school (87.8%) (P<0.05). The satisfaction on direct drinking water equipment was 63.1% and was highest (75.5%) among primary school students. The satisfaction on water odor, taste and temperature was lower than 60%. Eighty-eight cases of boiling water burn were reported. Conclusion Direct drinking water equipment could improve drinking habits among students in Shanghai. More work should be carried out to improve satisfaction and concerns should be paid on accidents caused by direct drinking water equipment.
School-based health centers in primary and middle schools of China
CUI Zhisheng, LIU Meicen, LU Xiaona, TANG Limin, HUANG Mingyu, JIA Zonglin, YU Quanyong, HU Dan
2018, 39(10): 1540-1543. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2018.10.028
Abstract(337) PDF(13)
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Objective To provide overall understanding of school-based health centers development in China. Methods By using the method of networking questionnaire (quantitative) and on-the-spot interview (qualitative), 538 staffs from school health centers in east, middle and west of China (a total of 18 counties) were investigated. Results School-based health centers provide a variety of health care services including emergency events (89.4%) and health records management (89.4%), as well as infectious diseases prevention and control (85.5%) in general. Health education (71.3% and 58.4% for east and western China), emergent events management (61.8% and 40.8% for east and western China), and health records management (61.2% and 53.6% for east and western China) were the most common services provided in schools of eastern and western areas. The implantation rate of each service differed in region(P<0.05), with eastern area significantly higher than the central and western areas. Staffs in school health centers worked approximately 5.1 days per week, with 8.7 hours per day. No significant differences in working hours by areas were found (P>0.05). Conclusion There are critical need for effectively improve staff setting and staff training in school-based health centers. Supporting school health programs to improve the health status of our nation's young people has never been more important.
2018, 39(10): 1544-1546. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2018.10.029
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2018, 39(10): 1547-1550. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2018.10.030
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2018, 39(10): 1550-1552. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2018.10.031
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2018, 39(10): 1553-1555. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2018.10.032
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2018, 39(10): 1555-1557. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2018.10.033
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2018, 39(10): 1558-1560. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2018.10.034
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2018, 39(10): 1560-1561. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2018.10.035
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2018, 39(10): 1562-1565. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2018.10.036
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2018, 39(10): 1565-1567. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2018.10.037
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2018, 39(10): 1568-1569. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2018.10.038
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2018, 39(10): 1570-1572. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2018.10.039
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2018, 39(10): 1572-1574. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2018.10.040
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2018, 39(10): 1575-1576. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2018.10.041
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2018, 39(10): 1577-1579. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2018.10.042
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2018, 39(10): 1580-1582. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2018.10.043
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2018, 39(10): 1583-1584,1588. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2018.10.044
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2018, 39(10): 1585-1588. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2018.10.045
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2018, 39(10): 1589-1591. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2018.10.046
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2018, 39(10): 1591-1595. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2018.10.047
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2018, 39(10): 1596-1600. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2018.10.048
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