中国学校卫生

2017, 38(3): 封2-封3.

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2017, 38(3): 321-322,326. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2017.03.001

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2017, 38(3): 323-326. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2017.03.002

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Correlation analysis of sleep status and family environment of students from primary and secondary schools in four cities

YUAN Fan, GUO Haijun, FENG Ganyu, GONG Weiyan, DING Caicui, WU Xiaomin, GUO Chongshan, LUAN Dechun, LI Xiaohui, LIU Ailing

2017, 38(3): 327-329. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2017.03.003

Abstract(387) PDF(8)

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Objective To study sleep status of primary and secondary school students in four cities and effects of their family environment,and to provide basis for developing appropriate interventions.Methods A stratified random cluster sampling method was used to recruit subjects.A total of 10 079 primary and secondary students and their parents selected from Shenyang,Guangzhou,Wuhan and Chengdu received a questionnaire survey to collect information about sleep status.Results The average sleeping time of primary and middle school students in the four cities was(7.8± 1.5) h,and the rate of insufficient sleeping was 78.7%;Sleeping time was gradually decreased with the school stage increasing(F=2.342.243,P<0.01).The rate of insufficient sleeping in junior high school students was highest,and the rate of girls (76.1%) was higher than boys(72.4%),the urban was higher than the suburbs.Students were more likely to sleep less if their parents were lack of sleep.The influencing factors of the insufficient sleeping of primary and secondary school students included school stage,parents' age,parents' educational level,family residence and parents' sleep condition(P<0.05).Conclusion The insufficient sleeping of primary and secondary school students are common in four cities.In addition to the influence of the school stage,the family environment has a certain influence on the students' sleeping.

Prevalence of weight-loss behaviors and the associations between weight-loss behaviors and weight-related perceptions among students in primary and middle schools in China

LU Chang, WANG Zhenghe, DONG Yanhui, MA Jun

2017, 38(3): 330-333. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2017.03.004

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Objective To evaluate the prevalence of different nutritional status and weight-loss behaviors of children and adolescents in 7 provinces and cities in China,and to provide references for exploring the association between weight-loss behaviors and weight-related perceptions among Chinese children and adolescents.Methods A total of 53 890 primary and middle school students from seven regions in China participated in physical examination and questionnaire survey,and the information about their weight-loss behaviors and weight-related perceptions was collected.The distribution of nutritional status and weight-loss behaviors in children and adolescents were described.And multiple logistic regression analysis was applied to the association between weight-loss behaviors and weight-related perceptions.Results The prevalence of underweight and overweight were 6.9% and 24.3% respectively.The prevalence of taking weight-loss behaviors among primary middle students was 58.5%,among middle school students was 65.9%,among high school students was 60.4%.In the underweight group,no significant effect between weight dissatisfaction and weight-loss behaviors was found(P=0.29);considering themselves as overweight could increase the occurrence of weight-loss behaviors(OR=5.28,95%CI=2.76-10.12,P<0.01).In the group of normal weight,weight dissatisfaction will promote weight-loss behaviors(OR=1.09,95%CI=1.03-1.16,P<0.01,OR=1.57,95%CI=1.44-1.71,P<0.01).In overweight group,weight dissatisfaction and conception of overweight will promote weight-loss behaviors(P<0.01).Conclusion The prevalence of overweight and weight-loss behaviors are high among Chinese children and adolescents.Weight dissatisfaction will promote the students of normal weight and overweight students to take weight-loss behaviors.The conception of overweight is the risk factor of the weight-loss behaviors in all groups.

Early left-behind experiences on attachment of migrant adolescents

LIU Baobao, GUO Li, LU Ting, DONG Jianghui, LING Li

2017, 38(3): 334-337. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2017.03.005

Abstract(385) PDF(6)

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Objective To explore possible impacts of early left-behind experiences on attachment of migrant adolescents.Methods A total of 763 migrant adolescents with left-behind experiences were classified as left-behind group(LBG),781 migrant adolescents without left-behind experiences were classified as non-left-behind group(NLBG).All subjects were asked to complete a questionnaire survey,attachment was assessed by Revised Version of Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment (IPPA-R).Results The LBG group scored significandy lower on mother trust,mother communication,father trust,father communication and mother attachment,father attachment than that of the NLBG group(t=-5.852,-5.966,-4.258,-4.313,-7.041,-5.19,P<0.01).Also,they scored significantly lower in mother alienation,father alienation and peer alienation than that of NLBG group(t=5.616,3.313,2.593,P<0.01).The LBG group and NLBG group showed no significant differences on peer trust,peer communication and peer attachment(P>O.05).Multiple linear regression showed that,for the LBG group,age was the risk factor for mother trust,mother communication,mother attachment,father trust,father attachment,peer attachment and protective factor for mother alienation,father alienation and peer alienation.Meeting parents every month during the separation period was protective for mother and father attachment total score.Separation with parents was risk factor for peer trust,peer communication and peer attachment total score.During the separation,grandparents care was risk factor for father alienation and peer alienation.Separation with parents at the age of 4-5 years old was protective for peer attachment.Conclusion The experience of left-behind might compromise attachment with parents during adolescence.Improving parenting environment will help to promote migrant children's mental health.

Association between sleep duration, physical activity and overweight and obesity among adolescents in Guangdong Province

MA Ying, LIN Suifang, JIANG Lin, XING Yanfei, LIU Huiyan, HU Yan, TANG Jie

2017, 38(3): 338-340,344. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2017.03.006

Abstract(442) PDF(6)

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Objective To assess the prevalence of overweight/obesity,and its association with sleep duration and physical activities,so as to provide evidences for weight management.Methods Cluster sampling method was employed to select 3 020 students from middle and high schools from Shenzhen,Yangjiang,Qingyuan in Guangdong Province to participate a school-based cross-sectional study with self-reported questionnaires on sleep duration,exercise.And they were investigated about weight and height to analyze their BMI.Results The prevalence of overweight/obesity was 11.49% (13.18% in junior school students,9.54 % in senior school students),about 94.23% of the senior school students obtain less than 8 hours of sleep per day,while 74.83% of the junior school student gets less than 8 hours of daily sleep;The rate of participation of adequate high intensity exercise and small intensity exercise were 32.61% and 29.02% among junior school students,while 18.52% and 18.87% among senior schoolstudents.The differences were of statistical significance(P<0.05).Univariate analysis showed that the prevalence rate of obesity/obesity was higher among those who sleep less than 8 hour a day than those who sleep enough among senior high school students.Multivariate analysis showed that after adjusting for socio-demographic variables,physical activity and gender,the odds ratio (OR) for overweight/obesity comparing sleeping <8 hours with ≥ 8 hours was 2.77 (95%CI=1.34-5.75) among senior school student.There was no significant association between physical activity and overweight/obesity in adolescents.Conclusion Short of sleep is the single risk factor of overweight and obesity among senior school students,while physical activity may not associated with overweight and obesity among junior and senior school students.

Physical exercise knowledge, attitude and behavior among the Beijing primary and middle school students in 2014

DUAN Jiali, WANG Guan, GAO Aiyu, LIN Ningxiang, YANG Chunlei, ZHANG Congwei

2017, 38(3): 341-344. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2017.03.007

Abstract(274) PDF(5)

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Objective To understand knowledge,attitude and behavior of physical exercise among primary and middle school students in Beijing,in order to guide the schools to carry out specific physical exercise intervention.Methods A total of 6 421 students of grade 3-5 and grade 7-8 from 16 primary and middle schools in Dongcheng,Xicheng,Changping,Fangshan districts in Beijing were selected by using multi-stage clustering sampling and investigated with questionnaire survey.Results Overall awareness on physical exercise was 53.55%,with students in junior school (58.36%) and suburb area (56.98%) higher than primary school (50.62%) and urban areas (47.87%),differences were statistically significant.The report rate of willing to take physical exercise for one hour per day was 49.49%,75.11% of students were favorite of physical education class,and 60.36% were favorite of exercises during the break.About 58.78% of students reported physical activity for at least 1 hour per day,only 8.72% students spent their break time outside doing exercise or relaxing,32.38% students claimed had physical exercise at home more than 5 times a week.Conclusion The primary and middle school students lack of physical exercise basic knowledge and physical exercise at home and school.School health education on exercise needs to be strengthened.

Preliminary analysis of oral health promotion program among school-aged children in rural areas of Guangxi

MA Xueling, LIU Qiulin, CHEN Bolin, CHEN Beisi, ZENG Xiaojuan

2017, 38(3): 345-347. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2017.03.008

Abstract(339) PDF(6)

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Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of oral health promotion program in oral health-related knowledge,behaviors and eating habits in school-aged children in rural areas of Guangxi.Methods A total of 745 first-graders in 15 selected schools chosed in rural areas of Guangxi.Questionnaire surveys were conducted before and after oral health promotion program for one year to evaluate the effectiveness of oral health intervention.Results Awareness of oral heath knowledge was all statistically improved after oral health promotion program.Before the program,brushing duration,brushing times,fluoride preventing tooth decay,plain water is best for drinking,sugar being bad for teeth was respectively 35.70%,37.99%,28.86%,54.50%,76.24% and 78.39%,which was improved by 6.98%,23.35%,27.38%,12.88%,13.56% and 10.07%,respectively after intervention.As for oral health behavior,brushing teeth every morning and evening,brushing for 2 to 3 minutes,using fluoride toothpaste was respectively 25.91%,44.43% and 23.62% before intervention and was improved by 12.61%,12.89% and 14.90%,respectively,after intervention.Drinking cola or sprite,eating cookies or cakes or bread,eating sweets or chocolates more than once every day was respectively 81.34%,77.18% and 83.22% before intervention and had decrease by 4.29%,9.26% and 12.08%,respectively after intervention with statistically significant difference (P<0.05).Conclusion Oral health promotion program is effectively improving oral health-based knowledge and eating behaviors among rural low grade students in Guangxi.

Vitamin D status and related factors in adolescent in Fuyang

LUO Huan, WU Ting, WANG Ruifeng, RU Yanfeng, JIA Leyuan, YUAN Shanshan, ZHU Peng

2017, 38(3): 348-350,354. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2017.03.009

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Objective The purpose of this study was to determine vitamin D status in adolescents in North Anhui and to examine factors that independently related vitamin D status.Methods In April 2015,a total of 339 adolescent were selected from six classes in a college in Fuyang,one of the largest cities in North Anhui located at 32.9 degrees north latitude.Concentrations of 25(OH) D in finger-tip blood was measured by using LC-MS/MS,and questionnaires were used to collect information on related factors.Results The mean 25(OH) D level was 16.0 nmol/L(SD=5.4),ranged from 6.2 to 34.5.Univariate analysis indicated that the concentration of 25(OH) D was higher in adolescents with younger age,female,non-only child,longer duration of sun exposure,outdoor activities more than 30 minutes between 11 am and 15 pm in a nearly week,light-skin and non-drinking.However,there was no significant association between intake frequencies of vitamin D-rich food and 25(OH) D level.In a multiple linear regression model,25(OH) D levels significantly decrease with the increase of the age (β=-0.62,95%Cl=-1.04-0.20);25(OH) D level of girls were significant higher than boys(β =2.31,95%Cl =0.96-3.66);and 25(OH) D level was significantly elevate with the increase of sun exposure frequency(β=0.99,95%CI=0.13-1.85) and outdoor activity time between 11 am and 15 pm(β=0.93,95%CI=0.27-1.58).Conclusions Vitamin D deficiency among adolescents in North Anhui is common.More frequencies of sun exposure and increasing time of outdoor activity,rather than more vitamin D rich food,might significantly improve vitamin D levels.

Mediating role of physical health belief in the relationship between adolescents' BMI and exercise behavior

LUO Lin, DU Jianjun

2017, 38(3): 351-354. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2017.03.010

Abstract(366) PDF(8)

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Objective To explore the intermediary role of physical health belief in the relationship between BMI and exercise behavior,in order to provide references for the promotion of physical health of teenagers.Methods A total of 1 678 middle and high school students in Beijing,Jinan and Guiyang were selected as the research subjects to test their height and weight,and the Physical Health Belief Scale and the Physical Exercise Scale were carried out to collect the scores.Results In the overweight and obese group,the score of perceived exercise benefits (14.07±0.25,14.24±0.54),attitude toward physical fitness evaluation (14.26±0.63,13.72±0.41),physique and disease susceptibility (15.12±0.72,14.12±0.61),seriousness of perceived disease and bodily weakness (14.30± 0.55,12.88±0.27),attention to the results of evaluation(14.12±0.56,13.76±0.23),exercise (61.13± 0.53,57.74±0.37) were lower than those of the normal group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).BMI was negatively related to perceived exercise benefits,attitude toward physical fitness evaluation,physique and disease susceptibility,seriousness of perceived disease and bodily weakness,attention to the results of evaluation(r =-0.195,-0.174,-0.163,-0.122,-0.129,-0.203,P<0.01),and negatively correlated to exercies(r=-0.203,P<0.01).Moreover,perceived exercise benefits,attitude toward physical fitness evaluation,physique and disease susceptibility,seriousness of perceived disease and bodily weakness,attention to the results of evaluation were positively related to exercise(r=0.447,0.619,0.407,0.589,0.308,P<0.01).The influence of the health belief on the exercise behavior was greater,the relationship between the BMI and the exercise behavior was mediated by the physical health belief.Conclusion With the increase of BMI index,the scores of health belief and exercise behavior decreased;physical health belief made greater effect on exercise behavior than BMI,and physical health belief played an intermediary role in the relationshrip between BMI and exercise behavior.It can improve the health belief of teenagers to promote their physical fitness and enhance physical health.

Awareness of smoking related-knowledge among Chinese and Pakistani college students

LUO Man, ZHANG Xiaofang

2017, 38(3): 355-357,360. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2017.03.011

Abstract(479) PDF(6)

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Objective To compare awareness of smoking related-knowledge between Chinese and Pakistani college students for providing tobacco control strategy among young people.Methods Totally 1 200 undergraduates were sampled with cluster sampling method from Yangtze University in Hubei province,and investigated with self-administered questionnaire.Binary logistic regression analysis was applied to explore associated factors of smoking behavior.Results In China and Pakistan,smoking rate of male students (34.94%,32.35%,respectively) was significantly higher than female students (4.74%,0,respectively).Second hand smoking rate among male students (54.21%,35.29%) was also significantly higher than female students (45.7%,27.03%).Second hand smoking rates among Chinese college student was higher than Pakistani student.The most common place of second hand smoking was indoor public place.The awareness rate of smoking and tobacco relevant knowledge was higher in Chinese college students than Pakistani students (x2 =111.19,P < 0.05).Drinking (OR =4.273),surfing (OR =2.593),having female smoking in the family (OR=4.797) and friends support smoking (OR=3.765) were risk factors for smoking,female (OR=0.207) is protective factor for smoking among Chinese college students.High awareness rate of smoking and tobacco relevant related knowledge (OR =0.668) was protective factor,drinking (OR =11.842),roommate smoking (OR =5.303),teacher smoking (OR =6.771) were risk factors in smoking Pakistani college students.Conclusion Smoking and second hand smoking among college students is common.Health education on tobacco use should be promoted among college students.

Relationship between concentration of vitamin D and parathyroid hormone among children in Guangzhou

LAI Honghao, LIANG Junyan, LUO Hui, LI Hui, CHEN Manxia

2017, 38(3): 358-360. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2017.03.012

Abstract(295) PDF(9)

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Objective To understand the relationship of concentration of vitamin D and parathyroid hormone (PTH) of children in Guangzhou,providing early indicators for vitamin D deficiency.Methods Physical examination and laboratory tests were carried out among children in Guangzhou in a cross-sectional survey.Chemiluminescence was used to detect the levels of serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D 25(OH)D and PTH.Results The average serum 25(OH)D concentration was (90.67±36.55) nmol/L,there was no significant difference on serum 25 (OH) D concentration between boys and girls (P>0.05).The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency was 11.37% and 25.31%,respectively,no significant differences were found between boys and girls(P> 0.05).The serum 25(OH) D concentration related with age.With increase of age,the serum 25(OH) D concentration decreased(P <0.05),the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency increased (P<0.05).The average serum PHT concentration was (2.38± 1.29) pmol/L.The serum PTH concentration in vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency was higher than that in vitamin D sufficiency (P<0.05),negative correlation was found between 25 (OH) D and PTH (P<0.01).Conclusion The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency is high in children aged 3-16 years old in Guangzhou,serum 25(OH)D concentration negatively correlates with PTH.Comprehensive measures should be taken to improve the status of vitamin D of children.

Awareness and associated factors of HIV/AIDS related knowledge among secondary school students in Guangzhou

CHEN Xiaobin, CHENG Weibin, XU Huifang, JIN Shanshan, JIANG Hongbo, BU Kai, WANG Lu, CAI Yanshan, YANG Yi

2017, 38(3): 361-363. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2017.03.013

Abstract(268) PDF(10)

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Objective To understand the awareness and associated factors of the HIV/AIDS related knowledge among secondary school students in Guangzhou under the new situation of AIDS epidemic,and to provide evidence for HIV/AIDS prevention and control in school.Methods Multi-stage cluster sampling method was employed to select a total of 4 096 middle school students recruited from 25 secondary schools (including junior high school and high school) from September to December in 2015.And the new modified HIV/AIDS knowledge questionnaire was used to collect the information of HIV/AIDS related knowledge.Results The overall awareness rate of HIV/AIDS related knowledge among secondary school students in Guangzhou was 58.69%(2 404/ 4 096).About 48.12% (1 971/4 096) of students had received publicity and education of HIV/AIDS prevention in the past year,and the main source was the education prescription(63.48%),billboards and posters(60.63%) and the experts lecture(43.75%).Muhivariate Logistic analysis showed that male(OR =1.19,95% CI =1.04-1.36),school providing HIV/AIDS prevention knowledge education(OR=1.84,95%CI=1.56-2.17) and receiving publicity and education of HIV/AIDS prevention in the past year (OR=2.54,95%CI=2.21-2.9) were the promoting factors of the HIV/AIDS related knowledge(P<0.05).Conclusion The secondary school students in Guangzhou have little knowledge about AIDS,especially about AIDS epedemic trend,the main route of transmission and new narcotics harm.Schools should strengthen AIDS prevention and control publicity and education for the new epidemic situation of HIV/AIDS.

Study on the relationship of body satisfaction and the intention of weight loss among college students

SUN Liping, SUN Xu, MA Lingyi, ZHANG Jiahui, CHAI Jingxin, MEI Songli

2017, 38(3): 364-366. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2017.03.014

Abstract(228) PDF(7)

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Objective To explore the relationship among the body satisfaction,the degree of conformity and the intention of weight loss among college students,and to provide theoretical basis for their weight loss in a healthy way.Methods The stratified cluster sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire among 888 students from a university in Changchun City.Results The intention of weight loss of girls (3.09±1.14) was higher than that of boys (2.49±1.30)(t=-7.16,P=0.00).The intention of weight loss of students majoring in liberal arts was higher than that of the students' in other majors(F=5.13,P=0.00).The intention of weight loss of freshmen was higher than that of sophomore and junior students(F=3.14,P=0.01).The intention of weight loss of rural students was lower than that of urban students(t =-2.45,P=0.02).Multiple regression analysis showed that their intention of weight loss was negatively correlated to the satisfaction rate of limbs,trunk and the whole body(r=-0.21,-0.23,-0.19,P<0.01).The correlation between the intention of weight loss and the facial satisfaction had no statistical significance(r=-0.03,P =0.26).And the intention of weight loss was positivly related to the degree of conformity(r=0.51,P=0.02).Conclusion College students who have higher body satisfaction have lower intention of weight loss and the ones who have higher degree of conformity have higher intention of weight loss.The corresponding interventional measures should be taken out by families,schools and the society to instruct students to lose weight healthily.

Associated factors of subjective feeling on backpacks among primary students

YU Dandan, ZHANG Yaning, WANG Lihua, CHENG Wei, ZHANG Lingling, YAN Fei

2017, 38(3): 367-370. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2017.03.015

Abstract(245) PDF(5)

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Objective To explore associated factors of subjective feeling on backpacks from students and parents.Methods Five primary schools were randomly cluster selected and all the students in one class were selected from each grade in all schools.Subjective feeling included general sense of fatigue and musculoskeletal disorder (neck,shoulder,back,and waist).Self-designed questionnaires were carried out.Results The risk of general sense of fatigue and musculoskeletal discomfort among students who reported heavy backpacks was 3 times higher than the students who did not.The risk of neck,shoulder and back discomfort among students with long backpack straps was 1.5 times higher than students with moderate backpack straps.Among children with parents who seldom guided their kids to adjust backpack weight,the risk of general sense of fatigue and musculoskeletal discomfort was about 1.5 times higher than those whose parents often gave advises.The risk of general fatigue was more common among students with parents of poor knowledge.Conclusion Results suggest that reducing schoolbag weight,improving parent's awareness,strengthening supervision and guidance on backpack usage would be beneficial for student's general health.

Home-based quarantine knowledge among parents of chicken pox students in Panyu District of Guangzhou

DU Yanyan, CHEN Junhu, KONG Minling, CHEN Guangyan

2017, 38(3): 371-373,377. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2017.03.016

Abstract(268) PDF(5)

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Objective To analyze the awareness of home-based quarantine knowledge among parents of chicken pox students in Panyu District of Guangzhou,and to provide evidence for chicken pox prevention and control.Methods Using stratified cluster random sampling method,2 407 patients with chicken pox reported to the Chinese Disease Control and Prevention Information System from Panyu District were selected.Telephone interviews were carried out.Results In general,796 cases aged 3-16 years old were isolated at home with varicella acquisition.Respondent rate among parents of patients was 82.04%.About 95.35% of the patients received home quarantine treatment;Awareness rate on "patients with chicken pox should receive home quarantine" was 89.07%,and the percentage of parents who knew the home quarantine should be between 15 and 21 days was 20.23%.There were significant differences among parents of children in nursery and kindergarten group,primary and middle school regarding the awareness of rehabilitation certificates for school return (P<0.05);75.13% of the respondents primarily received home-based quarantine knowledge from doctors;87.69% of the respondents knew that home-based quarantine could effectively prevent the spread of varicelia disease;52.64% of the patients reported having been outside during the isolation,among them 79.71% for further consultation.There were significant differences in proportion of patients who have been outside for academic reasons in different school stages(P

Relationship between narcissism and aggression among Macau and mainland college students

YANG Songda, ZHU Qizhen, ZHU Huiming, MO Qingmin, TAO Jianfei, GUO Li

2017, 38(3): 374-377. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2017.03.017

Abstract(389) PDF(6)

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Objective To compare the differences in narcissism and aggression among mainland and Macau college students and associated factors.Methods A total of 2 195 students from Macau University of Science and Technology and Guangzhou University were investigated with questionnaire.Results Mainland students in Macau have higher scores in superiority,selfadmiration and overt narcissism score(F=22.129,14.687,10.241,P<0.05).No significant difference in aggression between mainland students in Macau and Guangzhou students.Among Macau mainland students,a significant correlation between hostility,aggression toward self and vulnerability and covert narcissism score was found(P<0.05).Vulnerability and entitlement can predict each dimensions of aggression in Macau mainland students(P<0.05).Conclusion Vulnerability and entitlement associates with aggression in mainland students in Macau,which requires guidance from teachers reducing the occurrence of aggressive behavior.

Behavioral problems among preschool children of migrant workers in Fujian Province

LIU Liwei, ZHENG Biqun, CHEN Jinxia

2017, 38(3): 378-380,384. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2017.03.018

Abstract(265) PDF(4)

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Objective To understand behavioral problems among preschool children of migrant workers from 4 cities in Fujian Province.Methods Questionnaire survey was implemented among 456 preschool children of migrant workers from 4 cities in Fujian.Strength and Difficulty Questionnaire (SDQ) parent edition was used to assess behavioral problems.Statistical analysis included t-test,x2 test and regression analysis.Results The prevalence of behavioral problems was significantly higher in preschool children of migrant workers (22.6%) than in that of control children (15.7%) (x2=41.943,P<0.05).Inattention-hyperactivity behaviors and prosocial behaviors were lower in migrant workers more than that in control group(P<0.05).Behavioral problems were more common in boys and children aged 5-6 years old from migrant worker families.Parent-child relation,parenting attitude,discipline from father and household monthly average income predict children's behavior problems(P<0.05).Conclusion Behavioral problems among preschool children of migrant workers should not be neglected.Family parenting closely relates with children's behavioral problems.Results suggest education intervention aiming at parenting attitude improvement,optimizing the management and education concept of private kindergarten could play an important role in child behavioral problem prevention among migrant worker family.

Mediational role of core self-evaluations in the relation between perceived social support and mental health among college students with migrant or left-behind experience

XIE Qili

2017, 38(3): 381-384. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2017.03.019

Abstract(345) PDF(5)

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Objective To explore possible role of core self-evaluations in the association of perceived social support and mental health among college students with migrant or left-behind experience.Methods A total of 524 college students with left-behind experience,223 with migrant experience,182 with both left-behind and migrant experience,as well as 1 161 without migrant or left-behind experience were investigated with questionnaires on mental health,core self-evaluations and perceived social support.Results Mental health,core self-evaluations and perceived social support showed no significant differences among students with and without migrant experience (P>0.05);Mental health,core self-evaluations and perceived social support among students with left-behind experience and both left-behind and migrant experience were lower than students with migrant experience and control students (P<0.05).Mental health score,core self-evaluations and perceived social support significantly correlated with each other (P<0.01).Core self-evaluations played a mediational role in the relationship between perceived social support and mental health in all students.Conclusion Childhood left-behind experience negatively impact psychological wellbeing during early young adulthood,while no significant effects of childhood migrant experience are found in this survey.

Structured group counseling intervention on interpersonal problems among freshmen with different attachment styles

ZHOU Chunxiu, SUN Xiaofei, ZHANG Xiaoxia, HUANG Li

2017, 38(3): 385-388,392. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2017.03.020

Abstract(263) PDF(6)

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Objective To explore effects of structured group counseling intervention on interpersonal problems among college freshman with different attachment styles.Methods Nighty-five freshmen were randomly assigned to intervention group (49 subjects) and control group (46 subjects).All of the participants completed the Relationship Questionnaire(QR) and the Inventory of Interpersonal Problems-32(IIP-32) before intervention.After intervention,all the participants completed the Inventory of Interpersonal Problems-32 (IIP-32) and Group Therapy Factor Questionnaire (GTFQ).Results There were significant differences in interpersonal problems among freshmen with different attachment styles(F=6.185,P<0.01).After 10-week intervention,significant decreases in interpersonal problems were observed in the intervention group of dismissed attachment style(t =2.942,P<0.05),but not in the control group(t=0.975,P>0.05).Among intervention students,there were significant differences in interpersonal problems improvement among different attachment style individuals(F =4.742,P < 0.01),students with disorganized attachment style significandy improved compared with other attachment styles(P<0.05).Conclusion These findings suggest that structured group counseling intervention is effective to improve the interpersonal problems of freshmen with disorganized attachment style.

Analysis on death status and life lost in children in Wuxi, 2008-2015

YANG Jianbo

2017, 38(3): 389-392. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2017.03.021

Abstract(298) PDF(6)

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Objective To analyze mortality and epidemiological characteristics of children in Wuxi in order to provide scientific basis for carrying out prevention.Methods The children death data in Wuxi from 2008 to 2015 were analyzed to calculate mortality,annual percent change (APC) and potential years of life lost.Results The average mortality of children from 2008 to 2015 was 37.89/105(standardized mortality 40.43/105),boys' mortality was significant higher than girls'(u=7.315,P<0.01).There was no significant trend in mortality during 8 years (APC=1.01%,95%CI=-4.76-7.11,P>0.05).The proportion of children's death in the whole population decreased 40.40%.The first three leading causes of mortality were injury and poisoning,certain conditions originating in the perinatal period,congenital malformations deformations and chromosomal abnormalities.The major death cause in 0-1 years old was certain conditions during the perinatal period,in 1-17 years old was injury and poisoning.The total PYLL was 67 368.5 person years,PYLL‰ was 12.63‰,AYLL was 61.41 year.The three leading causes of PYLL were injury and poisoning,neoplasms,congenital malformations deformations and chromosomal abnormalities.Conclusion Injury and poisoning,certain conditions during the perinatal period,congenital malformations deformations and chromosomal abnormalities are the leading causes of death in children in Wuxi.Comprehensive prevention and control measures should be carried out to reduce child mortality.

Mediating effects of coping efficacy on freshmen's psychological stress and adjustment: the evidence from longitude study

MA Aimin, CHEN Huali, YAN Jun

2017, 38(3): 393-395,399. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2017.03.022

Abstract(308) PDF(9)

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Objective To explore the intermediary effect of freshmen's coping efficacy between psychological stress and adjustment.Methods Using China College Student Psychological Stress Scale,China College Student Adjustment Scale and Coping Efficacy Questionnaire to evaluate 277 freshmen's psychological stress,adjustment and coping efficacy.Besides,using subjects longitudinal research design to track and measure 1 semester (18 weeks),every 8 weeks measured 1 time,three times measured totally,structural equation model was used to evaluate the data.Results During the tracking period,the time effectiveness of college freshmen's psychological stress and adjustment was significant(F=4.80,3.13,P<0.01),but the time effectiveness of coping efficacy was not significant(F=0.09,P>0.05);the levels of college freshmen's psychological stress was rising,at the middle of the semester,it reached the peak and continues until the end of the semester(t=-4.28,-3.51,P<0.01);Freshmen's adjustment was presented the "V" trend,there were significant differences between the first,middle and posterior(t =4.88,2.86,-2.51,P<0.05);There was no significant difference in coping efficacy of freshmen(t=-0.41,0.13,0.56,P>0.05),but it was significantly lower than that of Chinese college students' norms(t=-11.86,-11.90,-12.26,P<0.01).During the tracking period,psychological stress and adjustment showed significant negative correlation(r=-0.32,-0.31,-0.32,P<0.05);Coping efficacy and adjustment showed significant positive correlation(r=0.46,0.41,0.45,P<0.01);Psychological stress and coping efficacy showed significant negative correlation(r=-0.33,-0.31,-0.33,P<0.05).Coping efficacy played a partial mediating effect between psychological stress and adjustment,the confidence and cognition of freshmen played an important role in the mediation model.Conclusion Coping efficacy plays a moderating role between psychological stress and adjustment,it can effectively alleviate or counteract the adverse effects of psychological stress on the adjustment.

Association between five common diseases and academic performance among middle school students

QIU Yuanying, YU Xiaoming, WANG Lu, GAO Aiyu, JIA Fuqi, SHI Xiaoyan, YU Jinlong, LIU Bin, PEI Lianjun

2017, 38(3): 396-399. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2017.03.023

Abstract(343) PDF(10)

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Objective To explore the relationship between five common diseases and academic performance,and to provide evidence and recommendations for students health control and prevention.Methods A total of 480 students from 2 middle schools across Dongcheng,Shunyi District in Beijing were chosen as subjects (grade 7 and grade 8).Health surveillance and academic performance were collected.Results The prevalence of five common diseases among middle school students were:myopia (74.6%),overweight/obesity (38.3%),dental caries (19.2%),anemia (2.5%) and malnutrition (3.3%),with an overall prevalence being 90.6%.Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that the rate of average academic grades above 60 points was higher among students with myopia (OR =1.823,P =0.012),while it was the opposite among overweight/obesity students (OR =0.675,P=0.002).After controlling for confounding factors,the association between overweight/obesity and academic achievements persisted.Conclusion Myopia and overweight/obesity is highly prevalent among middle school students and closely associates with academic performance.The prevention and control of student's common diseases need to be strengthened both for the sake of health and academic achievement.

Changes of body mass index distribution for 7-18 years old children and adolescents in Shanghai from 2000 to 2014

WANG Xiangjun, YANG Yang, WU Yanqiang, YANG Can, JIAO Jiaxin, PENG Ningning

2017, 38(3): 400-403. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2017.03.024

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Objective To examine the change in body mass index (BMI) among school aged children and adolescents in Shanghai.Methods National Student Health and Physical Fitness Survey in China of 2000,2005,2010 and 2014 were analyzed.LMS method was used to assess changes of BMI for 7-18 years old children and adolescents.Results During the past 14 years,the difference of BMI in the 85th percentile was relatively small among younger children,slightly increasing with age and decreasing after puberty.Average growth rate was 2.1% and 1.3% among boys and girls,respectively.BMI growth rate was highest among middle to high percentile,especially among boys aged 7-11 years old and 12-15 year old,growth rate of BMI in the 95th percentile was 2.0% and 3.2%,respectively.Among 12-year-old boys,BMI in the 95th percentile increased from 23.4 kg/m2 to 26.8 kg/m2,while it was from 24.0 kg/m2 to 25.9 kg/m2 among 14-year-old girls.Compared with the WGOC standard,the 85th,95th percentile BMI curves of boys were higher than the overweight curves of WGOC,while the 85th curves of girls younger than l0-year-old higher than the overweight curves of WGOC.Overweight and obesity rate was 15.4% and 9.1%,respectively,which increased by 6.4 and 5.2 percentage points,respectively.Conclusion Significant changes are found in BMI at high percentiles among children and adolescents in Shanghai.Studies that characterize population change should examine pattern of change across the entire distribution and not just average trends or single indicators.

Cardiovascular disease among college students in western Guangdong area

CHEN Guangying, CHEN Lijuan, LI Jingdong

2017, 38(3): 404-406. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2017.03.025

Abstract(229) PDF(3)

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Objective This study is aimed to understand the epidemiological characteristics of cardiovascular disease among college students.Methods By using standardized questionnaire of Student Health Assessment from Chinese Ministry of Health,a random sample of 45 160 college students (school year 2013-2015) from three universities in the western Guangdong area were implemented.Cardiovascular disease screening,review and confirmation and cardiovascular classification were conducted.Results There were 553 cases of cardiovascular disease detected in the whole sample,which was 1.22% in prevalence.No significant gender difference was found (male:1.55%;female:1.02%) (x2 =24.830,P<0.05).The prevalence rate of cardiovascular disease among rural students (1.31%) was significantly higher than that of urban students (1.05%) (x2 =5.373,P<0.05).Among all the cases,160(0.35%) were classified as organic heart disease;192(0.43%) arrhyhmia and 201(0.45%) hypertension.Significant gender differences were found in arrhyhmia (x2 =9.503,P<0.05) and hypertension (x2 =151.969,P<0.05).Conclusion Cardiovascular disease is quite common and harmful to college students,especially for those from rural areas.Results suggest that efforts need to be made to raise awareness about cardiovascular disease among young people.Future educational intervention must address common misconceptions about cardiovascular disease risk.

Tuberculosis infection among primary and secondary school students in Luquan district of Shijiazhuang during 2011-2015

YANG Ling, HUANG Jianbin, CUI Xiaoyong

2017, 38(3): 407-409. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2017.03.026

Abstract(303) PDF(12)

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Objective To understand tuberculosis infection situation among primary and secondary school students in Luquan district of Shijiazhuang,Hebei Province.Methods Purified protein derivative (PPD) skin test was performed in 51 528 students in primary and secondary schools in Luquan district of Shijiazhuang,tuberculosis infection was investigated at the same period.Results Significant differences were found in positive rate and strong positive rate between bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG)-PPD and TB-PPD group.Different grade students differed in PPD positive rate and strong positive rate.Further examination was implemented among 691/818(84.47%) strong positive students.Four high school students and two junior school students were detected to be active tuberculosis patients.Prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis was 0.73%.There were 61.31% (420) students reported using Mycobacterium vaccae (MV) in prevention of tuberculosis.Conclusion Middle school students are vulnerable population for mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.Tuberculosis screening and education should be included in the institutionalized management of the school.

Utilization of AIDS voluntary counseling and testing among MSM college students in Guangxi

WEI Suosu, WEI Huide, HUANG Xiaohong, PAN Hongping, LIU Jinghong, LYU Wenjuan, WEI Ying, LAN Siqi, LIU Hui, WU Tengyan

2017, 38(3): 410-412,415. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2017.03.027

Abstract(396) PDF(4)

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Objective To investigate the utilization of AIDS voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) among men who have sex with men (MSM) college students in Guangxi,China.Methods A total of 295 MSM college students were mainly recruited by snow-balling methods and network from September 2014 to February 2016.Questionnaires were self-administered and using face to face interview to collect VCT related information.Determinants of VCT utilization were analyzed by logistic analysis.Results More than half (55.3%) had never received VCT services.Logistic analysis showed that living in the school(OR =2.438),aware of AIDS (OR=2.346),had free AIDS counseling(OR=6.146),ever participated in AIDS peer education(OR =2.556),ever had sexually transmitted diseases(0R=3.621) increased VCT utilization.Conclusion The VCT utilization is low among MSM college students.HIV/AIDS education to MSM college students through peer education might help to increase VCT utilization.

Relationship between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and the various elements in hair among Mongolian children in Baotou

GAO Lei, BAO Yan, MA Haoran, LI Yuanyuan, QIN Youting

2017, 38(3): 413-415. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2017.03.028

Abstract(245) PDF(5)

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Objective To explore possible relation between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder with multiple elements in hair among Mongolian students from Inner Mongolia.Methods A total of 1 000 students (460 boys and 540 girls) from three Mongolian primary schools were investigated.The Conners Child Behavior Checklist (teacher report version) was used to assess attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Revised Edition (DSMⅣ).Control healthy students were selected from the same grade,same sex.Hair copper,zinc,manganese,lead,cadmium,arsenic,mercury,selenium level was assessed.Results Prevalence of ADHD was 3.8%(n =38),with 30 boys.Significant differences were found by grades (grade 2 to grade 6:0.2%,0.3%,0.8%,1.3%,1.2%,x2=12.824,P<0.05).Hair copper and lead in children with ADHD was higher than healthy group(t =-2.814,-4.785,P<0.05),hair cadmium and copper zinc ratio was found higher in ADHD students(t=-3.627,-4.117,P<0.05).Hair zinc was lower than the healthy group(t =2.105,P<0.05).Conclusion Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is high among Mongolian boys and high grades in primary school.Hair copper,lead,cadmium and copper zinc ratio is higher among attention deficit hyperactivity disorder children.

Follow-up study on the incidence of tuberculosis among students in a college of Shijiazhuang

ZHOU Jikun, ZHAO Xiuqin, SHEN Rong, GUO Fu'an, GUO Morai, LIANG Xi, LIU Hongtian, JIAO Minge

2017, 38(3): 416-418,422. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2017.03.029

Abstract(230) PDF(6)

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Objective The incidence of tuberculosis and related factors were studied to provide the guidelines for TB prevention and control in school.Methods 2006-2009 four-year freshman of Hebei Economy Management School were divided into negative group,positive group and strong positive group,according to the PPD test results.All the students were observed for 3 years,and the incidence of tuberculosis was analyzed during the period.Results There were a total of 8 414 students,the positive rate and strong positive rate were significant differences between 4 grades,as following:2006 session 39.0%,12.1%;2007 session 33.6%,7.6%;2008 session 46.4%,11.2%;2009 session 50.4%,13.0%.Positive rate and strong positive rate were different in different gender,and the positive rate of female was higher than that of male.The positive rate of urban origin students was 47.2% higher than that of rural,and the strong positive rate of them both were 10.9%.The accumulation of 25 242 person years was observed in this subject.A total of 37 TB patients were found,and the incidence rate was 146.6/105.The incidence of negative group,positive group and strong positive group were significantly different,and the incidence rate was positively correlated with the strong positive rate (r=1,P<0.01).In addition,the study also found that the source of strong positive group in rural incidence rate was far higher than that in city (x2 =5.319,P=0.021).Conclusion Young students with high risk of tuberculosis infection,especially students with strong positive PPD test,should be as the focus of concern,given appropriate interventions to reduce the incidence of tuberculosis.

Analysis on monitoring results of illness-induced absenteeism among the preschool children in Bao'an District of Shenzhen City during 2014-2015 academic years

DANG Rubo, MA Zhichao, ZHOU Ruyi, CHEN Yixiong, TAN Wei, PENG Xiaofeng

2017, 38(3): 419-422. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2017.03.030

Abstract(231) PDF(6)

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Objective To realize the situation of illness-induced absenteeism among the preschool students in Bao'an District of Shenzhen City,and to provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of infectious disease targetedly prevention and control strategies.Methods Random sampling method was employed to 12 kindergartens with random sampling method for monitoring illness-induced absenteeism for 1 academic year,and the monitoring data was analyzed by the method of description describing and analyzing epidemiology and analyze epidemiological.Results A total of 9 516 children had been absent from kindergarten because of illness,with the absenteeism density of 183.96%,20 317.5 person day,and the absent rate of 2.06%.The rate of male children was 2.19%,which was significantly higher than female children(1.89%) (x2 =104.55,P<0.05).The absent rates of the small bottom class,the middle class and top class were 3.50%,1.74%,and 1.34%,respectively,with significant statistical difference(x2 =3 895.86,P<0.05).The months of high incidence were May,June and October.And the rate of absence was 2.74%,2.45% and 2.26% respectively.The main reasons for causing absenteeism was influenzacold.The main symptoms were respiratory symptom and having fever.Conclusion The children from the bottom small class should be as the focus.The seasonal transition between autumn and winter or between spring and summer are the key periods.The health monitoring work should be undertaken as soon as possible among the preschool children.

Consumption of high salty food among primary and middle school teachers in four cities of China and its influencing factors

SONG Chao, GONG Weiyan, ZHANG Yan, GUO Haijun, WU Xiaomin, LIU Weija, LUAN Dechun, LI Xiaohui, LIU Ailing

2017, 38(3): 423-426. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2017.03.031

Abstract(277) PDF(3)

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Objective To analyze the status of the consumption of high salty food among primary and middle school teachers in Shenyang,Wuhan,Chengdu and Guangzhou City,and then to provide basic data and scientific evidence for interventions of salt reduction.Methods With stratified random cluster sampling,a total of 2 518 primary and middle school teachers were selected from four cities of China to have questionnarie.Logistic regression model was used to explore the influences of factors,such as gender,educational level,cirriculum,family income,and the awareness of knowledge of high salty food,on high salty food consumption among school teachers.Results In the past three months,the proportion of school teachers who consumed potato chips,instant noodles,processed meat,salted nuts,and preserved fruits (over one times a week) was 11.2%,9.5%,18.0%,26.8%,13.4%.As shown in multivariate Logistic regression analysis,the OR(95%CI) of teachers over 40 years old,having higher family income,knowing salt reference intake,using nutrition labeling,consumption of high salty food among teachers in Guangzhou/ Chengdu/Wuhan were 0.687(0.577-0.819),2.988(1.786-4.999),0.760(0.635-0.910),0.720(0.578-0.896),0.500(0.393-0.636),0.689(0.538-0.883) and 0.561(0.442-0.711),respectively.All the facors greatly affected the consumption of high salty food among primary and secondary school teachers(P<0.05).Conclusion There still existed higher frequency of consumption of high salty food among school teachers.Nutrition interventions about salt and health should be conducted to reduce their salt intake,so as to prevent and control hypertension.

ACSI model-based empirical study on satisfaction toward public toilets in colleges of Henan Province

SHANG Meng, PENG Yulin

2017, 38(3): 427-429. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2017.03.032

Abstract(322) PDF(8)

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Objective To construct a framework suitable for assessment on quality of public toilets service in colleges.Methods Staffs and students from 20 colleges and universities of Henan province were invited to participate and 500 teachers and students agreed.Statistical analysis was carried out through SmartPLS 2.0.Results The path coefficient of teacher-student perceived quality to the teacher-student perceived value was 0.911 (t =19.919,P<0.01);the path coefficient of teacher-student perceived value to satisfaction degree was 0.112 (t =3.033,P<0.05),path coefficient of satisfaction to loyalty among staffs and students was 0.439 (t=7.360,P<0.01);path coefficient of satisfaction to complaint was 22 (t=33.714,P<0.01).All of the hypothesis were supported.Conclusion Environment and health department of colleges and universities should pay full attention to improve satisfaction towards public toilet quality by both staffs and students.

Microbial contamination of student meal in Chongqing

HE Yuan, WANG Hong, LIU Xiaopeng, WANG Wenzhen

2017, 38(3): 430-432. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2017.03.033

Abstract(225) PDF(5)

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Objective To further ensure food safety for students,this study aims to investigate microbial contamination of student meal in universities,middle schools,elementary schools and kindergartens in Chongqing.Methods Based on the Manual for China National Food contamination and Harmful Factors Risk Monitoring in 2014 (Chinese edition),food samples were detected for bacterial and food-borne pathogens.Results The unqualified rates of the total number of colonies and escherichia coli bacteria count were detected in 19.57% and 6.09% of all the samples.Salmonella detection of foodborne pathogenic bacteria completely qualified,the highest fraction defective is staphylococcus aureus count,at 1.74%.In different school types,middle and primary schools were found with highest contaminated rate (34.88% and 33.33%,respectively).Salad and baked fried food were the most common food contaminated (54.55% and 44.44%).Contamination rate was highest (31.25%) in summer season,compared with winter season (16.28%).Food microbial contamination in urban schools was 26.82%,slightly higher than that of rural schools.Breakfast (27.91%) was at higher risk of contamination compared with lunch(23.67%).Conclusion Food borne microbial contamination in Chongqing could constitute a potential risk to student health,which needs further supervision.

2017, 38(3): 433-435. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2017.03.034

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2017, 38(3): 439-441. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2017.03.036

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2017, 38(3): 441-442. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2017.03.037

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2017, 38(3): 443-445. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2017.03.038

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2017, 38(3): 445-448. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2017.03.039

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2017, 38(3): 449-451. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2017.03.040

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2017, 38(3): 452-454. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2017.03.041

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2017, 38(3): 455-457. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2017.03.042

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2017, 38(3): 458-460. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2017.03.043

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2017, 38(3): 460-462. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2017.03.044

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2017, 38(3): 463-465. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2017.03.045

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2017, 38(3): 465-468. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2017.03.046

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2017, 38(3): 469-470. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2017.03.047

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2017, 38(3): 471-473. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2017.03.048

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2017, 38(3): 473-474. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2017.03.049

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2017, 38(3): 475-477. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2017.03.050

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2017, 38(3): 478-480. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2017.03.051

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2017 Vol. 38, No. 3