母子关系与学龄前儿童睡眠质量和执行功能的关联

崔晓晨; 何海燕; 朱敏; 李若瑜; 吴峻; 万宇辉

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025256

母子关系与学龄前儿童睡眠质量和执行功能的关联

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025256

1.
安徽省芜湖市妇幼保健院儿童保健所，241000
2.
安徽医科大学公共卫生学院

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 82273652

安徽省自然科学基金优青项目 2208085Y23

详细信息

作者简介:
崔晓晨(1987-)，女，安徽芜湖人，硕士，副主任医师，主要研究方向为儿童保健

通讯作者:
万宇辉，E-mail：wyhayd@163.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R179 Q428 Q427 B844.1
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- 文章访问数: 17
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- PDF下载量: 2
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-02-20
- 修回日期: 2025-04-11
- 网络出版日期: 2025-08-30
- 刊出日期: 2025-08-25

Association of mother-child relationship with sleep quality and executive function among preschool children

1.
Department of Child Healthcare, Wuhu Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Wuhu 241000, Anhui Province, China

摘要

摘要: 目的探讨儿童睡眠质量在母子关系与学龄前儿童执行功能关联间的中介作用，为促进学龄前儿童执行功能发展提供参考。方法采用分层整群抽样方法，于2021年12月选取安徽省芜湖市12所幼儿园842名儿童为第1次随访对象，之后每半年随访一次，3次随访后最终有746名儿童纳入研究。采用Spearman相关分析母子关系与学龄前儿童睡眠质量及其执行功能的关联；通过自举(bootstrap)程序和PROCESS软件检验睡眠质量在母子关系与学龄前儿童执行功能间的中介效应。结果冲突性母子关系与学龄前儿童执行功能总分、抑制、转换、情绪控制、工作记忆和组织计划得分均呈正相关(r值分别为0.40，0.37，0.36，0.41，0.38，0.34)，依赖性母子关系与学龄前儿童执行功能总分、抑制、转换、情绪控制、工作记忆功能和组织计划得分均呈正相关(r值分别为0.23，0.20，0.21，0.22，0.22，0.19)，睡眠质量与总执行功能得分呈正相关(r=0.27)(P值均 < 0.01)。调整混杂因素后，睡眠质量在依赖性、冲突性母子关系和执行功能关联中起部分中介作用，中介效应分别为19.40%，11.22%。结论睡眠质量在母子关系和学龄前儿童执行功能关联中存在中介效应，改善早期睡眠质量可以促进学龄前儿童执行功能的发展。
- 亲子关系 /
- 睡眠 /
- 执行功能 /
- 精神卫生 /
- 儿童，学龄前
Abstract: Objective To investigate the mediating role of children's sleep quality in the association between mother-child relationship and the executive function of preschool children, providing a reference for promoting the development of the executive function of preschool children. Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 842 preschoolers from 12 kindergartens in Wuhu City, Anhui Province in December 2021 as the subjects of the first follow-up study with follow-up every six months thereafter. Finally, 746 children were included in the study after 3 follow-up. Spearman correlation analysis was used to explore the associations among mother-child relationship, sleep quality and executive function in preschool children. Bootstrap program and PROCESS software were applied to test the mediating effect of sleep quality in the association between mother-child relationship and the executive function of preschool children. Results Conflictual mother-child relationship was positively correlated with the total score of executive function, as well as scores of inhibitory, shifting, emotional control, working memory, and organizational planning (r=0.40, 0.37, 0.36, 0.41, 0.38, 0.34, all P < 0.05). Dependent mother-child relationship was positively correlated with the total score of executive function, as well as scores of inhibitory, shifting, emotional control, working memory, and organizational planning (r=0.23, 0.20, 0.21, 0.22, 0.22, 0.19, all P < 0.05). Sleep quality was positively correlated with the total executive function score (r=0.27, P < 0.01). After adjusting for confounding factors, sleep quality played a partial mediating role in the associations between dependent and conflictual mother-child relationships and executive function, the mediating effects were 19.40% and 11.22% respectively. Conclusions Sleep quality plays a mediating role in the association between mother-child relationship and the executive function of preschool children. Improving sleep quality in the early stage can promote the executive function of preschool children.
- Parent-child relations /
- Sleep /
- Executive function /
- Mental health /
- Child, preschool
注释:

1) 利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。

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表 1 亲子关系、睡眠质量及儿童执行功能的相关分析(r值，n=746)

Table 1. Correlations analysis of parent-child relationship, preschoolers' sleep quality and executive function(r, n=746)

变量	亲密性	冲突性	依赖性	睡眠质量	总执行功能	抑制	转换	情绪控制	工作记忆
冲突性	-0.05
依赖性	0.17^**	0.56^**
睡眠质量	-0.06	0.32^**	0.20^**
总执行功能	-0.08^*	0.40^**	0.23^**	0.27^**
抑制	-0.08^*	0.37^**	0.20^**	0.25^**	0.94^**
转换	-0.06	0.36^**	0.21^**	0.21^**	0.86^**	0.74^**
情绪控制	-0.06	0.41^**	0.22^**	0.27^**	0.86^**	0.77^**	0.80^**
工作记忆	-0.09^*	0.38^**	0.22^**	0.26^**	0.95^**	0.88^**	0.75^**	0.74^**
组织计划	-0.06	0.34^**	0.19^**	0.25^**	0.91^**	0.83^**	0.75^**	0.72^**	0.86^**
注：^P < 0.05，^*P < 0.01。

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表 2 睡眠质量在冲突性亲子关系和儿童执行功能关联中的中介效应分析(n=746)

Table 2. Analysis of mediating effects of sleep quality in the relationship between conflictual parent-child relationship and children's executive function(n=746)

路径	模型1		模型2
路径	间接效应值(95%CI)	中介效应占比/%	间接效应值(95%CI)	中介效应占比/%
冲突性亲子关系→睡眠质量→总执行功能	0.105(0.049~0.165)	11.70	0.102(0.043~0.167)	11.22
冲突性亲子关系→睡眠质量→抑制	0.026(0.010~0.043)	11.25	0.025(0.009~0.042)	10.65
冲突性亲子关系→睡眠质量→转换	0.012(0.003~0.022)	8.95	0.011(0.002~0.022)	8.35
冲突性亲子关系→睡眠质量→情绪控制	0.017(0.008~0.028)	11.40	0.017(0.008~0.028)	11.01
冲突性亲子关系→睡眠质量→工作记忆	0.044(0.019~0.071)	17.45	0.029(0.012~0.049)	11.74
冲突性亲子关系→睡眠质量→组织计划	0.020(0.010~0.031)	14.81	0.019(0.010~0.030)	14.36
注：模型1为单因素分析，模型2控制儿童性别、年龄、是否早产、是否独生子女、父母文化程度、家庭人均月收入、家庭结构。

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表 3 睡眠质量在依赖性亲子关系和儿童执行功能关联间的中介效应分析(n=746)

Table 3. Analysis of mediating effects of sleep quality in the relationship between dependent parent-child relationship and children's executive function(n=746)

路径	模型1		模型2
路径	间接效应值(95%CI)	中介效应占比/%	间接效应值(95%CI)	中介效应占比/%
依赖性亲子关系→睡眠质量→总执行功能	0.279(0.158~0.422)	20.10	0.274(0.150~0.425)	19.40
依赖性亲子关系→睡眠质量→抑制	0.070(0.037~0.110)	20.54	0.068(0.035~0.108)	19.73
依赖性亲子关系→睡眠质量→转换	0.032(0.015~0.052)	15.29	0.034(0.015~0.057)	15.48
依赖性亲子关系→睡眠质量→情绪控制	0.047(0.026~0.072)	21.69	0.047(0.026~0.072)	20.99
依赖性亲子关系→睡眠质量→工作记忆	0.079(0.043~0.121)	19.06	0.077(0.041~0.121)	18.58
依赖性亲子关系→睡眠质量→组织计划	0.043(0.025~0.065)	20.96	0.048(0.026~0.073)	22.93
注：模型1为单因素分析，模型2控制儿童性别、年龄、是否早产、是否独生子女、父母文化程度、家庭人均月收入、家庭结构。

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