初中生和父母感知的亲子关系与内化问题的关联

孙霁; 班永飞; 罗思亮

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025252

初中生和父母感知的亲子关系与内化问题的关联

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025252

孙霁^{1, 2},
班永飞^{1, 2},
罗思亮^{1, 2}

1.
安顺学院教育科学学院, 贵州 561000
2.
安顺学院特殊儿童发展与融合教育实验室

基金项目:

贵州省2024年高校人文社会科学研究项目 2024RW280

详细信息

作者简介:
孙霁(1985-), 女, 贵州遵义人, 博士, 副教授, 主要研究方向为未成年人心理健康

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R179 G78 G444
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-01-03
- 修回日期: 2025-03-02
- 网络出版日期: 2025-08-30
- 刊出日期: 2025-08-25

Association between parent-child relationship perceived by parents and students of junior high school and students' internalization problems

SUN Ji^{1, 2},
BAN Yongfei^{1, 2},
LUO Siliang^{1, 2}

1.
School of Educational Sciences, Anshun University, Anshun 561000, Guizhou Province, China

摘要

摘要: 目的探讨父母和初中生感知的亲子关系与初中生内化问题的关联, 为初中生内化问题的防控提供思路。方法 2023年6月, 采用方便整群抽样方法和初中生-父/母亲匹配方法选取贵州省3所初中965对学生及其父亲(或母亲), 通过中学生亲子关系问卷(学生版/父母版)评估父母与初中生感知的亲子关系、长处和困难问卷(学生版)评估初中生的内化问题。采用响应面分析方法分析父母与初中生感知的亲子关系与初中生内化问题的关联。结果标准化分数比较发现, 58.44%的父母和初中生存在亲子关系感知差异。控制初中生性别、年级和父母受教育水平因素后, 在父母-初中生亲子关系感知一致时, 初中生内化问题会随着亲子关系水平的下降而增加(a₁=-0.43, 95%CI=-0.62~-0.25);亲子关系感知不一致时, 父母感知的亲子关系水平高于初中生感知的亲子关系时, 初中生内化问题更多(a₃=-0.36, 95%CI=-0.51~-0.19)(P值均 < 0.05)。结论初中生内化问题与亲子关系感知密切相关。提升亲子关系质量、关注亲子关系感知差异有助于初中生内化问题的评估和干预。
- 精神卫生 /
- 亲子关系 /
- 回归分析 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective To explore the relationship between the parent-child relationship perceived by parents and students of junior high school and students' internalization problems, so as to provide a pathway for the prevention and control of students' internalization problems. Methods In June 2023, a convenience cluster sampling method and a matching method between students and their fathers/mothers were used to select 965 pairs of students and their fathers (or mothers) from three junior high schools in Guizhou Province, and the Middle School Student's Parent-Child Relationship Questionnaire (parent and student edition) and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (student edition) were used to measure the perception of parent-child relationship by parents and students and the internalization problems of students. The response surface analysis method was used to analyze the relationships between parents' and students' perceptions of parent-child relationship and students' internalization problems. Results The comparison of standardized scores revealed that 58.44% of parents and junior high school students had different perceptions of parent-child relationship. After controlling for students' gender, students' grade, and parents' education level, the results showed that when the parent-child relationship perceived by parents and students was congruent, the students' internalization problems increased with the decrease of parent-child relationship level (a₁=-0.43, 95%CI=-0.62 to -0.25, P < 0.05). When the parent-child relationship perceived by parents and students was incongruent, and the parent-child relationship perceived by parents was higher than that of students, students' internalization problems were more (a₃=-0.36, 95%CI=-0.51 to -0.19, P < 0.05). Conclusions Students' internalization problems are closely related to perceptions of parent-child relationship. Improving the quality of the parent-child relationship and paying attention to the differences in perception of the parent-child relationship are helpful for evaluating and intervening in the internalization problems of junior high school students.
- Mental health /
- Parent-child relations /
- Regression analysis /
- Students
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图 1 初中生PCRs与PCRp对IPs的响应面分析

Figure 1. Response surface analysis of PCRs and PCRp to IPs of junior high school students

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表 1 亲子关系对初中生内化问题的RSA回归结果(n=965)

Table 1. RSA regression results of parent-child relationship on internalization problems of junior high school students(n=965)

自变量	标准误	t值	β值(95%CI)	P值
PCRs	0.04	-9.83	-0.40(-0.48~-0.32)	＜0.01
PCRp	0.06	-0.64	-0.04(-0.16~0.08)	0.52
PCRs²	0.02	2.70	0.05(0.02~0.09)	0.01
PCRs×PCRp	0.04	-1.02	-0.04(-0.12~0.04)	0.31
PCRp²	0.03	0.47	0.02(-0.05~0.08)	0.64
初中生年级	0.06	1.81	0.11(-0.01~0.23)	0.07
初中生性别	0.06	2.64	0.16(0.04~0.27)	0.01
父母受教育水平	0.03	-2.66	-0.09(-0.15~-0.02)	0.01
注：初中生性别赋值为1=男，2=女，初中生年级赋值为1=七年级、2=八年级，父母身份赋值为1=父亲、2=母亲，父母受教育水平赋值为1=小学及以下、2=初中、3=高中或中专、4=大专、5=大学及以上。

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