大学生体育锻炼意愿和失眠与抑郁症状的关联

尹文龙; 柴业宏; 程天豹; 蒋治华; 孙小龙; 张一; 万宇辉

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025234

大学生体育锻炼意愿和失眠与抑郁症状的关联

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025234

1.
合肥工业大学体育部, 安徽 230009
2.
安徽医科大学公共卫生学院

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目 82073576

详细信息

作者简介:
尹文龙(1996-), 男, 安徽合肥人, 硕士, 讲师, 主要研究方向为青少年体力活动与心理健康

通讯作者:
万宇辉, E-mail: wyhayd@163.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R179 G806 B844.2 R256.23
计量
- 文章访问数: 16
- HTML全文浏览量: 6
- PDF下载量: 2
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-12-03
- 修回日期: 2025-02-26
- 网络出版日期: 2025-08-30
- 刊出日期: 2025-08-25

Association of physical exercise willingness and insomnia with depressive symptoms among college students

1.
Department of Physical Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui Province, China

摘要

摘要: 目的了解大学生体育锻炼意愿和失眠与抑郁症状的关联, 为改善大学生抑郁症状提供参考。方法 2022年10月至2023年4月, 采用整群抽样方法选取安徽省4所高校11 101名大学生为研究对象, 通过问卷调查大学生的体育锻炼意愿、失眠情况、抑郁症状等信息, 采用多因素Logistic回归模型分析大学生体育锻炼意愿、失眠和抑郁症状之间的关联。结果大学生抑郁症状检出率为9.24%。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示, 与主动参加体育锻炼或无失眠的大学生相比, 被动参加及不参加体育锻炼(OR值分别为1.84, 2.07)或有失眠(OR=4.02)的大学生抑郁症状风险均增加; 与"主动参加体育锻炼+无失眠组相比, 大学生被动参加/不参加体育锻炼+失眠"的联合作用会增加抑郁症状的发生风险(OR=1.87~8.39)(P值均＜0.01)。性别分层分析发现, 大学生被动参加/不参加体育锻炼和失眠的联合作用均会增加男生(OR=1.81~9.87)和女生(OR=1.67~7.39)抑郁症状的发生风险(P值均＜0.05)。结论大学生体育锻炼意愿和失眠均与抑郁症状相关。为改善大学生抑郁症状, 应提高大学生体育锻炼积极性、增强睡眠健康意识教育的培养。
- 身体锻炼 /
- 睡眠 /
- 抑郁 /
- 精神卫生 /
- 回归分析 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective To understand the association of physical exercise willingness and insomnia with depressive symptoms among college students, so as to provide reference for improving depressive symptoms of college students. Methods From October 2022 to April 2023, cluster sampling was used to recruit 11 101 college students from four colleges in Anhui Province. The questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate the willingness to engage in physical exercise, insomnia and depressive symptoms of college students. The multivariate Logistic regression model was used to analyze the association of physical exercise willingness and insomnia with depressive symptoms of college students. Results The prevalence of depressive symptoms among college students was 9.24%. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that college students who were passive participants/non-participants in physical activity, or who experienced insomnia, had a higher likelihood of depressive symptoms compared to those who were active participants or did not experience insomnia (OR=1.84, 2.07, 4.02, all P < 0.01). College students who were passive participants or non-participants in physical activity and concurrently experienced insomnia had a higher risk of depressive symptoms compared with those who were active participants or did not experience insomnia (OR=1.87-8.39, all P < 0.01). Gender stratified analysis showed that the combined effect of passive physical exercise and insomnia increased the risk of depressive symptoms in both male (OR=1.81-9.87) and female college students (OR=1.67-7.39) (all P < 0.05). Conclusions Both physical exercise willingness and insomnia are associated with depressive symptoms in college students. In order to improve the depressive symptoms of college students, it is necessary to improve the enthusiasm of physical exercise and strengthen the education of sleep health awareness.
- Exercise movement techniques /
- Sleep /
- Depression /
- Mental health /
- Regression analysis /
- Students
注释:

1) 利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。

HTML全文

表 1 不同组别大学生抑郁症状检出率比较

Table 1. Comparison of detection rates of depressive symptoms among different groups of college students

组别	选项	人数	抑郁症状	χ²值	P值
性别	男	4 303	379(8.81)	1.58	0.21
	女	6 798	647(9.52)
家庭居住地	农村	6 361	606(9.53)	2.79	0.25
	乡镇	2 127	200(9.40)
	城市	2 613	220(8.42)
父亲文化程度	初中及以下	8 047	755(9.38)	1.04	0.59
	高中或中专	1 863	170(9.13)
	大专及以上	1 191	101(8.48)
母亲文化程度	初中及以下	8 770	827(9.43)	1.82	0.40
	高中或中专	1 467	127(8.66)
	大专及以上	864	72(8.33)
家庭经济状况	差	1 022	167(16.34)	129.88	＜0.01
	较差	2 828	337(11.92)
	中等	6 746	480(7.12)
	较好	443	31(7.00)
	好	62	11(17.74)
亲密伙伴数/个	0	457	114(24.95)	193.25	＜0.01
	1~2	4 376	482(11.01)
	3~5	4 510	313(6.94)
	≥6	1 758	117(6.66)
吸烟/d	0	10 369	908(8.76)	55.15	＜0.01
	1~9	263	30(11.41)
	10~19	113	22(19.47)
	≥20	356	66(18.54)
饮酒/d	0	9 855	825(8.37)	90.90	＜0.01
	1~9	903	150(16.61)
	10~19	119	26(21.85)
	≥20	224	25(11.16)
注：()内数字为检出率/%。

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 大学生体育锻炼意愿、失眠与抑郁症状关联的Logistic回归分析

Table 2. Logistic regression analysis of association between physical exercise intention, insomnia and depressive symptoms among college students

自变量	选项	男生抑郁症状					女生抑郁症状					总体抑郁症状
自变量	选项	人数	检出人数	检出率/%	OR值(95%CI)	P值	人数	检出人数	检出率/%	OR值(95%CI)	P值	人数	检出人数	检出率/%	OR值(95%CI)	P值
体育锻炼意愿	主动参加	2 722	194	7.13	1.00		3 228	209	6.47	1.00		5 950	403	6.77	1.00
体育锻炼意愿	被动参加	1 010	106	10.50	1.53(1.19~1.97)	＜0.01	2 490	298	11.97	1.95(1.61~2.35)	＜0.01	3 500	404	11.54	1.84(1.59~2.13)	＜0.01
	不参加	571	79	13.84	2.04(1.53~2.71)	＜0.01	1 080	140	12.96	2.07(1.64~2.60)	＜0.01	1 651	219	13.26	2.07(1.74~2.48)	＜0.01
失眠	无	2 372	96	4.05	1.00		2 975	112	3.76	1.00		5 347	208	3.89	1.00
	有	1 931	283	14.66	3.84(3.02~4.89)	＜0.01	3 823	535	13.99	4.00(3.24~4.94)	＜0.01	5 754	818	14.22	4.02(3.43~4.71)	＜0.01

下载: 导出CSV

表 3 大学生体育锻炼意愿和失眠的联合作用与抑郁症状的关联及性别差异

Table 3. Association of the combined effect of physical exercise intention and sleep quality with depressive symptoms and gender differences in college students

体育锻炼意愿与失眠	男生(n=4 303)		女生(n=6 798)		合计(n=11 101)
体育锻炼意愿与失眠	模型1	模型2	模型1	模型2	模型1	模型2
主动参加+无失眠	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
被动参加+无失眠	2.34(1.48~3.69)^**	2.35(1.49~3.73)^**	1.69(1.10~5.59)^*	1.67(1.09~2.57)^*	1.90(1.39~2.59)^**	1.94(1.42~2.65)^**
不参加+无失眠	1.90(1.07~3.36)^*	1.81(1.02~3.22)^*	1.96(1.17~3.27)^*	1.91(1.14~3.21)^*	1.92(1.31~2.81)^**	1.87(1.28~2.74)^**
主动参加+有失眠	4.79(3.40~6.75)^**	4.50(3.19~6.35)^**	3.80(2.69~5.38)^**	3.67(2.59~5.19)^**	4.19(3.29~5.34)^**	4.09(3.20~5.22)^**
被动参加+有失眠	5.68(3.86~8.37)^**	5.36(3.63~7.92)^**	7.17(5.12~10.02)^**	6.88(4.91~9.64)^**	6.68(5.23~8.52)^**	6.71(5.25~8.58)^**
不参加+有失眠	10.62(7.03~16.03)^**	9.87(6.51~14.97)^**	8.01(5.55~11.56)^**	7.39(5.10~10.71)^**	8.65(6.61~11.32)^**	8.39(6.39~11.01)^**
注：模型1未控制混杂因素，模型2控制家庭居住地、父母文化程度、家庭经济状况、吸烟、饮酒等混杂因素；^P＜0.05，^*P＜0.01。

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(28)

[1]	ZHANG Y, LI S, XU H, et al. Gender-based differences in interaction effects between childhood maltreatment and problematic mobile phone use on college students' depression and anxiety symptoms[J]. BMC Psychiatry, 2023, 23(1): 286. doi: 10.1186/s12888-023-04777-x
[2]	PENG M, ZHANG L, WU Q, et al. The effects of childhood trauma on nonsuicidal self-injury and depressive severity among adolescents with major depressive disorder: the different mediating roles of positive and negative coping styles[J]. J Affect Disord, 2024, 361: 508-514. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.06.037
[3]	GUAN J, SUN Y, FAN Y, et al. Effects and neural mechanisms of different physical activity on major depressive disorder based on cerebral multimodality monitoring: a narrative review[J]. Front Hum Neurosci, 2024, 18: 1406670. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2024.1406670
[4]	PEARCE M, GARCIA L, ABBAS A, et al. Association between physical activity and risk of depression: a systematic review and Meta-analysis[J]. JAMA Psychiatry, 2022, 79(6): 550-559. doi: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2022.0609
[5]	QUE J, CHEN S, CHAN N Y, et al. Associations of evening-type and insomnia symptoms with depressive symptoms among youths[J]. Sleep Med, 2024, 118: 81-87. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2024.04.009
[6]	ZHANG Y, FAN Y, MA Z, et al. Associations of social jetlag and insomnia symptoms with depressive symptoms among Chinese adolescents: a large population-based study[J]. Sleep Med, 2023, 104: 98-104. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2023.02.024
[7]	VELAZQUEZ B, PETRESCO S, PEREIRA R, et al. Physical activity and depressive symptoms among adolescents in a school-based sample[J]. Braz J Psychiatry, 2022, 44(3): 313-316. doi: 10.1590/1516-4446-2021-2235
[8]	MIRCHANDANEY R, BARETE R, ASARNOW L D. Moderators of cognitive behavioral treatment for insomnia on depression and anxiety outcomes[J]. Curr Psychiatry Rep, 2022, 24(2): 121-128. doi: 10.1007/s11920-022-01326-3
[9]	金正格. 大学生体力活动水平和体育锻炼意愿及情境与负性情绪症状的关联[D]. 合肥: 安徽医科大学, 2023. JIN Z G. Association of physical activity level, physical exercise willingness and context with negative emotional symptoms among college students[D]. Hefei: Anhui Medical University, 2023. (in Chinese)
[10]	LEE Y J, CHO S J, CHO I H, et al. Insufficient sleep and suicidality in adolescents[J]. Sleep, 2012, 35(4): 455-460. doi: 10.5665/sleep.1722
[11]	KROENKE K, SPITZER R L, WILLIAMS J B. The PHQ-9: validity of a brief depression severity measure[J]. J Gen Intern Med, 2001, 16(9): 606-613. doi: 10.1046/j.1525-1497.2001.016009606.x
[12]	LEVIS B, BENEDETTI A, THOMBS B D. Accuracy of Patient Health Questionnaire-9(PHQ-9) for screening to detect major depression: individual participant data Meta-analysis[J]. BMJ, 2019, 365: l1781.
[13]	何婷婷, 荣璠, 李书琴, 等. 医学生健康危险行为与抑郁症状的关联: 一项潜在转变分析[J]. 心理发展与教育, 2025, 41(5): 730-739. HE T T, RONG F, LI S Q, et al. Association between health-risk behaviors and depressive symptoms in medical students: a latent transition analysis[J]. Psychol Dev Educ, 2025, 41(5): 730-739. (in Chinese)
[14]	袁潇潇, 张磊, 吴明洋, 等. 生活方式与大学生抑郁症状的关联[J]. 现代预防医学, 2024, 51(12): 2221-2227, 2247. YUAN X X, ZHANG L, WU M Y, et al. Associations between lifestyle and depression symptoms among college students[J]. Mod Prev Med, 2024, 51(12): 2221-2227, 2247. (in Chinese)
[15]	YUAN Y, JIANG S, YAN S, et al. The relationship between depression and social avoidance of college students: a moderated mediation model[J]. J Affect Disord, 2022, 300: 249-254. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.12.119
[16]	CHEN B, WANG W, YANG S. The relationship between academic stress and depression among college students during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study from China[J]. BMC Psychiatry, 2024, 24(1): 46. doi: 10.1186/s12888-024-05506-8
[17]	LIU D, HE J, LI H. The relationship between adolescents' physical activity, circadian rhythms, and sleep[J]. Front Psychiatry, 2024, 15: 1415985. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1415985
[18]	BRIÈRE F N, YALE-SOULIÈRE G, GONZALEZ-SICILIA D, et al. Prospective associations between sport participation and psychological adjustment in adolescents[J]. J Epidemiol Commun Health, 2018, 72(7): 575-581. doi: 10.1136/jech-2017-209656
[19]	CHI G, WANG L. The association of sports participation with depressive symptoms and anxiety disorder in adolescents[J]. Front Public Health, 2022, 10: 860994. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.860994
[20]	XIAO X, RUI Y, JIN Y, et al. Relationship of sleep disorder with neurodegenerative and psychiatric diseases: an updated review[J]. Neurochem Res, 2024, 49(3): 568-582. doi: 10.1007/s11064-023-04086-5
[21]	WANG S, ROSSHEIM M E, NANDY R R, et al. Interaction between sleep duration and trouble sleeping on depressive symptoms among U.S. adults, NHANES 2015-2018[J]. J Affect Disord, 2024, 351: 285-292. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.260
[22]	JOYNT K E, WHELLAN D J, O'CONNOR C M. Depression and cardiovascular disease: mechanisms of interaction[J]. Biol Psychiatry, 2003, 54(3): 248-261. doi: 10.1016/S0006-3223(03)00568-7
[23]	DIFRANCESCO S, PENNINX B W J H, RIESE H, et al. The role of depressive symptoms and symptom dimensions in actigraphy-assessed sleep, circadian rhythm, and physical activity[J]. Psychol Med, 2022, 52(13): 2760-2766. doi: 10.1017/S0033291720004870
[24]	COOPER R, DI B M, BEI B, et al. Associations of changes in sleep and emotional and behavioral problems from late childhood to early adolescence[J]. JAMA Psychiatry, 2023, 80(6): 585-596. doi: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2023.0379
[25]	ZHANG G, FENG W, ZHAO L, et al. The association between physical activity, self-efficacy, stress self-management and mental health among adolescents[J]. Sci Rep, 2024, 14(1): 5488. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-56149-4
[26]	ALNAWWAR M A, ALRADDADI M I, ALGETHMI R A, et al. The effect of physical activity on sleep quality and sleep disorder: a systematic review[J]. Cureus, 2023, 15(8): e43595.
[27]	KANDOLA A, ASHDOWN-FRANKS G, HENDRIKSE J, et al. Physical activity and depression: towards understanding the antidepressant mechanisms of physical activity[J]. Neurosci Biobehav Rev, 2019, 107: 525-539. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.09.040
[28]	陈艳林, 徐琳, 徐盛嘉. 身体活动对海马体可塑性和认知功能的影响[J]. 中国组织工程研究, 2020, 24(5): 773-779. CHEN Y L, XU L, XU S J. Effect of physical activity on hippocampal plasticity and cognition[J]. Chin J Tissue Engin Res, 2020, 24(5): 773-779. (in Chinese)