太原市中学生视屏时间与焦虑抑郁症状及其共存的关联性

李通通; 崔倩倩; 张馨扬; 谢雅温; 赵丹鹤; 郭婷宇; 奥益云; 陈晋; 王莉

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025209

太原市中学生视屏时间与焦虑抑郁症状及其共存的关联性

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025209

李通通¹,
崔倩倩¹,
张馨扬¹,
谢雅温¹,
赵丹鹤^{1, 2},
郭婷宇¹,
奥益云³,
陈晋³,
王莉^1, ,

1.
山西医科大学公共卫生学院儿少卫生教研室, 太原 030001
2.
山西医科大学汾阳学院
3.
太原市中小学学生卫生保健所

基金项目: 中国青少年行为健康新型风险因素监测与队列研究(横向合作项目)

详细信息

作者简介:
李通通(2000-), 男, 山西介休人, 在读硕士, 主要研究方向为儿童青少年健康促进

通讯作者:
王莉, E-mail: wangli_1@sxmu.edu.cn

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R179 G444 C913.5
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-03-25
- 修回日期: 2025-06-03
- 网络出版日期: 2025-08-02
- 刊出日期: 2025-07-25

Association between screen time and anxiety-depression symptoms and their comorbidity

1.
Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China

摘要

摘要: 目的了解中学生在可自由支配时间中视屏时间(ST)及焦虑抑郁症状的现况及关联，为制定相关干预措施提供依据。方法 2023年11—12月，采用分层整群随机抽样方法从太原市初、高中学校抽取2 542名学生，采用自编问卷、广泛性焦虑障碍量表(GAD-7)、患者健康问卷(PHQ-9)调查中学生ST和焦虑/抑郁症状。采用Logistic回归模型探究中学生ST与焦虑/抑郁症状及共存的关联性。结果中学生焦虑症状、抑郁症状和共存的检出率分别为13.69%，15.77%，10.11%。中学生周平均ST为2.00(2.38)h/d，学习日为0.33(1.67)h/d，休息日为5.00(5.50)h/d。Logistic回归分析结果显示，与焦虑症状、抑郁症状和共存均呈正相关的因素包括：休息日手机ST(OR值分别为1.07，1.10，1.11)，一周手机平均ST(OR值分别为1.20，1.22，1.29)，休息日所有屏幕类型总ST(OR值分别为1.04，1.04，1.05)和一周所有屏幕类型平均ST(OR值分别为1.08，1.09，1.21)(P值均 < 0.01)。结论太原市中学生焦虑/抑郁症状及共存的发生风险与ST存在正相关，特别是手机ST和休息日ST。应采取措施减少中学生非必要的ST，尤其是手机使用时间，以减少焦虑抑郁症状的发生。
- 注视, 眼 /
- 焦虑 /
- 抑郁 /
- 共病现象 /
- 精神卫生 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective To investigate the association between screen time (ST) during leisure time and anxiety-depression symptoms among middle school students, so as to provide a basis for formulating relevant intervention measures. Methods From November to December 2023, a stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select 2 542 students from junior and senior high school in Taiyuan City. A self-designed questionnaire, the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7), and the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) were used to investigate ST and anxiety/depression symptoms among middle school students. The Logistic regression model was used to explore the association of ST with symptoms of anxiety and depression, as well as with anxiety and depression comorbiditles (CAD). Results The detection rates of anxiety symptoms, depression symptoms, and CAD were 13.69%, 15.77%, and 10.11%, respectively. The median ST was 2.00 h/d [interquartile range (IQR=2.38) for weekly averages], with 0.33 h/d (IQR=1.67) on work days and 5.00 h/d (IQR=5.50) on rest days. Logistic regression analysis indicated that the total ST of mobile phones during rest days (OR=1.07, 1.10, 1.11) and the averages ST of mobile phones over a week (OR=1.20, 1.22, 1.29), as well as the total ST of all screen types during rest days (OR=1.04, 1.04, 1.05) and the averages ST of all screen types over a week (OR=1.08, 1.09, 1.21) were positively correlated with anxiety symptoms, depression symptoms, and CAD (all P < 0.01). Conclusions Among middle school students in Taiyuan City, screen time is positively correlated with symptoms of anxiety or depression and the comorbidity of anxiety and depression, especially smartphone screen time and weekend screen use. Therefore, measures should be implemented to reduce unnecessary screen time among middle school students, especially the use of mobile phones, in order to mitigate the occurrence of anxiety and depression.
- Fixation, acular /
- Anxiety /
- Depression /
- Comorbidity /
- Mental health /
- Students
注释:

1) 利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。

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表 1 不同组别中学生焦虑抑郁症状检出率比较

Table 1. Comparison of prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms among students in different groups

组别	选项	人数	焦虑症状			抑郁症状			焦虑与抑郁症状共存
组别	选项	人数	检出人数	χ²值	P值	检出人数	χ²值	P值	检出人数	χ²值	P值
学校所在地	城市	1 321	197(14.91)	3.48	0.06	219(16.58)	1.34	0.25	136(10.30)	0.10	0.75
	农村	1 221	151(12.37)			182(14.91)			121(9.91)
学段	初中	1 203	145(12.05)	5.18	0.02	165(13.72)	7.29	0.01	102(8.48)	6.69	0.01
	高中	1 339	203(15.16)			236(17.63)			155(11.58)
性别^*	男	1 306	148(11.33)	13.32	< 0.01	187(14.32)	4.51	0.03	114(8.73)	5.94	0.02
	女	1 218	199(16.34)			212(17.41)			142(11.66)
家庭居住地^*	农村	175	17(9.71)	5.70	0.06	28(16.00)	3.54	0.17	14(8.00)	2.19	0.33
	乡镇	544	65(11.95)			73(13.42)			50(9.19)
	城市	1 713	255(14.89)			288(16.81)			185(10.80)
独生子女^*	是	962	132(13.72)	0.11	0.76	144(14.97)	0.37	0.54	88(9.15)	0.85	0.36
	否	1 442	192(13.31)			230(15.95)			149(10.33)
自评家庭经济状况^*	差或较差	292	48(16.44)	5.31	0.07	67(22.95)	14.12	< 0.01	40(13.70)	6.86	0.03
	中等	1 736	219(12.62)			249(14.34)			158(9.10)
	较好或好	496	78(15.73)			81(16.33)			56(11.29)
朋友数量/个^*	≤2	750	148(19.73)	38.91	< 0.01	172(22.93)	52.78	< 0.01	109(14.53)	30.40	< 0.01
	3~5	1 140	144(12.63)			121(10.61)			110(9.65)
	≥6	637	54(8.48)			56(8.79)			36(5.65)
自评学习负担^*	很轻或轻	130	10(7.69)	85.34	< 0.01	18(13.85)	77.12	< 0.01	9(6.92)	79.15	< 0.01
	一般	1 402	122(8.70)			146(10.41)			80(5.71)
	重或很重	993	214(21.55)			235(23.67)			166(16.71)
留守经历^*	是	245	51(20.82)	11.78	< 0.01	65(26.53)	23.75	< 0.01	41(16.73)	13.32	< 0.01
	否	2 288	295(12.89)			334(14.60)			214(9.35)
注：()内数字为检出率/%；^*表示数据有缺失。

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表 2 是否焦虑抑郁症状及共存中学生视屏时间比较[M(IQR), h/d]

Table 2. Comparison of ST among middle school students with or without anxiety and depression symptoms and comorbidities[M(IQR), h/d]

焦虑与抑郁症状	组别	人数	统计值	手机			平板电脑			总视屏
焦虑与抑郁症状	组别	人数	统计值	学习日	休息日	周平均	学习日	休息日	周平均	学习日	休息日	周平均
焦虑症状	是	348		0.00(1.00)	3.67(4.00)	1.43(1.71)	0.00(0.00)	0.00(1.00)	0.00(0.29)	0.33(2.00)	6.00(7.13)	2.29(2.57)
	否	2 194		0.00(1.00)	3.00(4.00)	1.14(1.43)	0.00(0.00)	0.00(1.00)	0.00(0.29)	0.33(1.50)	5.00(5.17)	2.00(2.29)
			Z值	-0.65	-5.00	-5.11	-1.52	-0.32	-0.08	-0.56	-4.52	-3.80
			P值	0.52	< 0.01	< 0.01	0.13	0.75	0.94	0.58	< 0.01	< 0.01
抑郁症状	是	501		0.00(1.00)	4.00(4.50)	1.43(1.59)	0.00(0.00)	0.00(0.83)	0.00(0.29)	0.00(2.00)	6.50(6.50)	2.50(2.57)
	否	2 041		0.00(1.00)	3.00(3.67)	1.14(1.43)	0.00(0.00)	0.00(1.00)	0.00(0.29)	0.33(1.50)	5.00(5.00)	1.95(2.29)
			Z值	-0.40	-7.56	-6.70	-2.53	-0.73	-1.23	-0.45	-6.37	-5.04
			P值	0.70	< 0.01	< 0.01	0.01	0.46	0.22	0.65	< 0.01	< 0.01
焦虑与抑郁症状共存	是	257		0.00(1.00)	4.00(5.00)	1.57(1.88)	0.00(0.00)	0.00(1.00)	0.00(0.29)	0.33(2.00)	7.00(7.50)	2.71(2.89)
	否	2 285		0.00(1.00)	3.00(4.00)	1.14(1.43)	0.00(0.00)	0.00(1.00)	0.00(0.29)	0.33(1.50)	5.00(5.09)	2.00(2.29)
			Z值	-0.18	-6.31	-6.07	-1.94	-0.21	-0.19	-0.29	-5.85	-4.98
			P值	0.86	< 0.01	< 0.01	0.05	0.83	0.85	0.77	< 0.01	< 0.01

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表 3 中学生不同类型视屏时间与焦虑抑郁症状及共存关联性分析(n=2 542)

Table 3. Correlation analysis of ST and anxiety and depression symptoms and comorbidity among middle school students (n=2 542)

屏幕类型	时期	焦虑症状			抑郁症状			焦虑与抑郁症状共存
屏幕类型	时期	手机	休息日	0.07	1.07(1.04~1.11)	< 0.01		0.10	1.10(1.07~1.14)	< 0.01	0.11	1.11(1.07~1.15)	< 0.01
	周平均	0.18	1.20(1.11~1.29)	< 0.01	0.20	1.22(1.13~1.30)	< 0.01	0.25	1.29(1.18~1.38)	< 0.01
总体	休息日	0.03	1.04(1.02~1.06)	< 0.01	0.04	1.04(1.02~1.06)	< 0.01	0.05	1.05(1.03~1.07)	< 0.01
	周平均	0.08	1.08(1.04~1.14)	< 0.01	0.08	1.09(1.05~1.14)	< 0.01	0.12	1.12(1.07~1.17)	< 0.01

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