泸州市特殊教育学校性教育现况及对策分析

韩淑珍; 危慧慧; 杨文杰; 王一茹; 汤洺瑶; 肖明霞; 黄鑫; 巨蓉; 张容

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025188

泸州市特殊教育学校性教育现况及对策分析

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025188

1.
西南医科大学国有资产管理处，四川泸州 646000
2.
西南医科大学儿科系
3.
西南医科大学公共卫生学院

基金项目:

四川特殊教育发展研究中心一般项目 SCTJ-2023-B-11

2022年省级大学生创新创业训练计划项目 S202210632227

2022年校级青年课题一般项目 00160329/51

2023年省级大学生创新创业训练计划项目 S202310632230

详细信息

作者简介:
韩淑珍(1990-)，女，甘肃白银人，硕士，研究员，主要研究方向为智能信息化教育、信息技术与特殊教育融合

通讯作者:
张容，E-mail: zhangrong@swmu.edu.cn

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: G478 R167 R193
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- 文章访问数: 8
- HTML全文浏览量: 6
- PDF下载量: 1
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-12-18
- 修回日期: 2025-04-23
- 网络出版日期: 2025-07-04
- 刊出日期: 2025-06-25

Analysis of current situation and countermeasures of sex education in special education schools in Luzhou

1.
Department of State-owned Assets Management, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou (646000), Sichuan Province, China

摘要

摘要: 目的分析特殊教育学校性教育的实施现况及所面临的挑战，为制定有效的促进策略提供科学依据。方法 2023年11月至2024年1月，采用普查的方式对泸州市7所特殊教育学校120名在职教师进行问卷调查，内容包括学校开展性教育现状、教师对开展性教育的态度和知识了解情况、教师对学生不良性行为的应对方式。结果 77.5%的教师报告为学生开展过性教育，但93.2%表示缺乏特殊儿童专门的性教育教材，90.4%表示无专职性教育教师，且性教育方法较单一(50.0%以讲授法为主)；95.8%的教师对性教育持有良好态度，98.3%支持开展性教育；仅有26.7%的教师性知识掌握良好，掌握较好的知识是“隐私部位认识与保护”(21.6%)；在处理学生不良性行为时，教师积极应对率为23.9%，其中积极应对率最高的不良性行为是“故意拥抱或亲吻异性(39.7%)”。结论泸州市特殊教育学校缺乏完善的性教育课程、教材及专职教师，教师性教育知识匮乏，对学生不良性行为应对不够积极。应加强对特殊儿童性教育的重视，为特殊儿童提供全面优质性教育服务。
- 残疾儿童 /
- 性教育 /
- 健康促进 /
- 态度
Abstract: Objective To analyze the implementation status and challenges of sex education in special education schools, so as to provide a scientific basis for formulating effective promotion strategies. Methods From November 2023 to January 2024, a census survey was conducted among 120 in-service teachers from 7 special education schools in Luzhou. The questionnaire covered the current status of sex education in schools, teachers' attitudes and knowledge toward sex education, and their coping methods for students' inappropriate sexual behaviors. Results About 77.5% of teachers reported having provided sex education to students, but 93.2% indicated a lack of specialized sex education textbooks for special children, 90.4% reported no full-time teachers for sex education, and the methods of sex education were relatively limited (50.0% mainly based on lecture method). Nearly 95.8% of teachers held a positive attitude toward sex education, with 98.3% supporting its implementation. Only 26.7% of teachers demonstrated a good grasp of sex education knowledge, with the best-understood topic being "recognition and protection of private parts" (21.6%). When dealing with students' inappropriate sexual behaviors, the active response rate of teachers was 23.9%, with the highest active response rate observed for "intentionally hugging or kissing the opposite sex" (39.7%). Conclusions The special education schools in Luzhou lack comprehensive sex education curricula, teaching materials and full-time teachers, sufficient knowledge among teachers, and adequate proactive responses to students' inappropriate sexual behaviors. Greater emphasis should be placed on sex education for special children, including the training of dedicated teachers, to provide comprehensive and high-quality sex education services for special children.
- Disabled children /
- Sex education /
- Health promotion /
- Attitude
注释:

1) 利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。

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表 1 特殊教育学校教师开展性教育现况分布

Table 1. Distribution of current status of sex education implementation by teachers in special education schools

性教育开展情况	选项	报告人数
有无系统开设性教育	否	85(71.4)
课程^*	是	24(20.2)
	不知道	10(8.4)
有无专门的性教育教材^*	没有	110(93.2)
	有	8(6.8)
有无专职的性教育教师^*	没有	104(90.4)
	不知道	7(6.1)
	有	4(3.5)
自己是否开展过性教育^*	开展过	86(77.5)
	未开展	25(22.5)
开展性教育的内容^a	隐私部位认识与保护	70(22.7)
	青春期性卫生与保健	69(22.3)
	预防性侵害的方法与措施	69(22.3)
	预防艾滋病等性传染病	52(16.8)
	生命的诞生	36(11.7)
	婚姻与家庭的权利与义务	13(4.2)
开展性教育的方法^a	讲授法	104(50.0)
	讨论法	29(13.9)
	角色扮演法	28(13.5)
	行为训练法	22(10.6)
	示范法	21(10.1)
	其他	4(1.9)
开展性教育困难程度	困难	60(54.5)
	很困难	35(31.8)
	不困难	15(13.6)
	一点也不困难	0
性教育开展困难的	缺乏性教育相关教材	76(29.0)
原因^a	学生配合难度大	74(28.2)
	教师缺乏相关专业知识	62(23.7)
	家长不理解或不同意	28(10.7)
	其他	6(2.3)
注：()内数字为构成比/%；^*数据有缺失值，^a多项选择题。

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