青少年抑郁症状特征与睡眠质量和心理韧性的关系

魏嘉霖; 马珠江; 布威佐热姆·艾力

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025176

青少年抑郁症状特征与睡眠质量和心理韧性的关系

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025176

1.
石河子大学师范学院心理学系，新疆 832003
2.
脑动极光脑研院

基金项目:

2024年度石河子大学高层次人才科研启动项目 RCSK202435

2023年度石河子大学自主资助支持校级科研项目 ZZZC2023076

2024年新疆自治区天池英才青年博士项目 CZ002203

详细信息

作者简介:
魏嘉霖(2004-)，女，重庆市开州人，在读本科，主要研究方向为儿童青少年心理健康与促进

通讯作者:
布威佐热姆·艾力，E-mail: ail@shzu.edu.cn

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R179 B844.2 Q428
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-02-25
- 修回日期: 2025-04-11
- 网络出版日期: 2025-07-04
- 刊出日期: 2025-06-25

Association of depressive symptom characteristics with sleep quality and psychological resilience in adolescents

1.
Department of Psychology, Normal College, Shihezi University, Shihezi (832003), Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China

摘要

摘要: 目的探讨青少年抑郁症状潜在类别特征及其与睡眠质量和心理韧性的关联，为识别抑郁症状高风险群体及制定分级干预方案提供参考。方法于2024年3—5月，采用方便抽样方法选取新疆石河子市和昌吉市5所中小学3 155名五至九年级学生，使用简版流调中心用抑郁量表(CES-D-10)、简版心理韧性量表(CD-RISC-10)和匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)进行匿名自填式问卷调查。对青少年抑郁症状进行潜在剖面分析，采用多元Logistic回归模型分析青少年抑郁症状潜在类别特征与睡眠质量和心理韧性的关联性。结果青少年CES-D-10得分为7.0(4.0，12.0)分，PSQI得分为5.0(3.0, 7.0)分。潜在剖面分析显示，青少年抑郁症状可分为低抑郁症状组(57.7%)、中度抑郁-典型症状组(15.2%)、中度抑郁-功能保留组(16.6%)和高抑郁症状组(10.5%)4个亚组。Logistic回归分析结果显示，相比低抑郁症状组，中度抑郁-典型症状组、中度抑郁-功能保留组和高抑郁症状组均表现出更差的睡眠质量(OR值分别为1.54，1.51，1.77)和更低的心理韧性(OR值分别为0.94，0.96，0.92)(P值均 < 0.05)。结论睡眠质量差和心理韧性不足是青少年抑郁的普遍风险因素，且年龄越小风险越大。
- 抑郁 /
- 睡眠 /
- 精神卫生 /
- 回归分析 /
- 青少年
Abstract: Objective To explore the latent class characteristics of depressive symptoms in adolescents and their association with sleep quality and psychological resilience, so as to provide references for identifying high-risk groups and developing tiered intervention strategies. Methods From March to May 2024, 3 155 students from grade 5-9 of five primary and secondary schools in Shihezi and Changji, Xinjiang, were selected via convenience sampling. Anonymous self-report questionnaires were administered using 10-item Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D-10), 10-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC-10), and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Latent profile analysis (LPA) was conducted for depressive symptoms, and multivariate Logistic regression models were used to examine associations of latent classes with sleep quality and psychological resilience of adolescents. Results The CES-D-10 score of adolescents was 7.0 (4.0, 12.0), and the PSQI score was 5.0 (3.0, 7.0). LPA identified four subgroups: low depressive symptom group (57.7%), moderate depressive-typical symptom group (15.2%), moderate depressive-functional retention group (16.6%) and high depressive symptom group (10.5%). Logistic regression revealed that compared to the low-symptom group, moderate depressive-typical symptom group, moderate depressive-functional retention group and high depressive symptom group exhibited poorer sleep quality (OR=1.54, 1.51, 1.77) and lower psychological resilience (OR=0.94, 0.96, 0.92) (P < 0.05). Conclusion Poor sleep quality and insufficient psychological resilience are universal risk factors for adolescent depression, with younger age associated with higher vulnerability.
- Depression /
- Sleep /
- Mental health /
- Regression analysis /
- Adolescent
注释:

1) 利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。

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图 1 青少年抑郁症状潜在类别CES-D-10得分

Figure 1. CES-D-10 scores for potential categories of adolescent depressive symptoms

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表 1 青少年抑郁症状潜在剖面分析拟合指数(n=3 155)

Table 1. Fit indices for latent profile analysis of adolescent depressive symptoms (n=3 155)

模型	AIC值	BIC值	aBIC值	Entropy值	P_LMRT值	P_BLRT值	类别概率/%
C1	86 852.87	86 974.00	86 910.46	—	—	—	100.0
C2	78 526.76	78 714.52	78 616.02	0.91	＜0.01	＜0.01	27.3/72.7
C3	76 312.14	76 566.53	75 310.55	0.92	＜0.01	＜0.01	10.3/26.4/63.2
C4	73 714.79	74 035.79	73 867.39	0.95	＜0.01	＜0.01	57.7/15.2/16.6/10.5
C5	72 952.26	73 339.90	73 136.54	0.94	＜0.01	＜0.01	6.5/8.7/10.5/17.3/57.0
注：LMRT(Lo-Mendell-Rubin Likelihood Ratio Test)为校正似然比检验；BLRT(Bootstrapping Likelihood Ratio Test)为自助似然比检验。

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表 2 青少年抑郁症状潜在类别的人口学分布特征

Table 2. Demographic distribution characteristics of different potential categories of adolescent depressive symptoms

潜在类别	人数	性别		寄宿
潜在类别	人数	女	男	住校	走读
低抑郁症状组	1 822	878 (48.19)	944(51.81)	509(27.94)	1 313(72.06)
中度抑郁-典型症状组	480	278 (57.92)	202(42.08)	154(32.08)	326(67.92)
中度抑郁-功能保留组	523	272(52.01)	251(47.99)	199(38.05)	324(61.95)
高抑郁症状组	330	192(58.18)	138(41.82)	104(31.52)	226(68.48)
χ²值		21.83		20.38
P值		＜0.01		＜0.01
注：( )内数字为构成比/%。

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表 3 青少年抑郁症状潜在类别相关因素多元Logistic回归分析(n=3 155)

Table 3. Multiple Logistic regression analysis of related factors for the latent categories of adolescent depressive symptoms (n=3 155)

因变量	自变量	B值	标准误	Z值	Wald χ²值	P值	OR值(95%CI)
C2	性别	-0.25	0.12	-2.20	4.83	0.03	0.78(0.62~0.97)
	年龄	0.02	0.04	0.43	0.19	0.67	1.02(0.94~1.09)
	寄宿类型	0.17	0.12	1.37	1.87	0.17	1.19(0.93~1.51)
	PSQI得分	0.43	0.02	18.32	335.52	＜0.01	1.54(1.47~1.61)
	CD-RISC-10得分	-0.06	0.01	-9.24	85.33	＜0.01	0.94(0.93~0.95)
C3	性别	-0.05	0.11	-0.46	0.21	0.64	0.95(0.77~1.18)
	年龄	0.07	0.04	1.91	3.64	0.06	1.07(1.00~1.15)
	寄宿类型	-0.08	0.12	-0.72	0.52	0.47	0.92(0.73~1.16)
	PSQI得分	0.41	0.02	17.89	320.03	＜0.01	1.51(1.44~1.57)
	CD-RISC-10得分	-0.05	0.01	-7.09	50.19	＜0.01	0.96(0.94~0.97)
C4	性别	-0.17	0.14	-1.19	1.41	0.24	0.85(0.64~1.11)
	年龄	-0.15	0.05	-3.26	10.64	＜0.01	0.86(0.78~0.94)
	寄宿类型	0.17	0.15	1.09	1.19	0.28	1.18(0.88~1.59)
	PSQI得分	0.57	0.03	21.30	453.51	＜0.01	1.77(1.68~1.87)
	CD-RISC-10得分	-0.08	0.01	-10.26	105.22	＜0.01	0.92(0.91~0.94)
注：因变量以C1类别为参照；自变量年龄、PSQI和CD-RISC-10得分为连续型变量，性别和寄宿类型分别以女性、住校为参照。

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