云南省学生2005—2023年梅毒流行趋势分析

谭敏; 常利涛; 张琬悦; 黄达峰; 刘春艳; 张丽芳; 杨彦玲

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025134

云南省学生2005—2023年梅毒流行趋势分析

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025134

1.
云南省疾病预防控制中心学校卫生所，昆明 650500
2.
云南省疾病预防控制中心质量管理部
3.
云南省疾病预防控制中心营养与食品卫生所

详细信息

作者简介:
谭敏(1981-)，女，云南姚安人，大学本科，副主任医师，主要从事学校卫生相关工作

通讯作者:
张丽芳，E-mail: 20827732@qq.com

杨彦玲，E-mail: 19085703@qq.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R179 R759.1 R181.3⁺²
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-10-23
- 修回日期: 2024-12-16
- 网络出版日期: 2025-06-07
- 刊出日期: 2025-05-25

Epidemiological trends analysis of syphilis among students in Yunnan Province from 2005 to 2023

1.
School Health Section, Yunnan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming (650500), Yunnan Province, China

摘要

摘要: 目的分析2005—2023年云南省学校学生梅毒流行趋势与变化特征，为学校梅毒综合防控工作提供依据。方法从中国疾病预防控制信息系统中获得2005—2023年云南省学生梅毒病例资料，采用Joinpoint回归模型对梅毒报告发病率进行时间趋势分析。结果 2005—2023年云南省累计报告学生梅毒病例3 191例(男生1 248例，女生1 943例)，报告发病率由2005年的0.17/10万上升至2023年的8.26/10万，AAPC为24.89%(Z=13.18, P < 0.01)。女生报告发病率高于男生(χ²=229.48)；小学、初中、高中、高等教育阶段发病率分别为0.21/10万、2.42/10万、4.45/10万、6.29/10万，差异有统计学意义(χ²=3 432.84)，初中阶段发病率平均每年增长幅度最大(AAPC=30.68%，Z=7.57)，高中阶段次之(AAPC=24.28%，Z=5.70)；一、二期梅毒报告发病率由2005年的0.12/10万上升到2023年的2.06/10万，AAPC为16.86%(Z=4.57)(P值均 < 0.05)。结论云南省学生梅毒报告发病率总体呈持续上升趋势，初中阶段报告发病率平均每年增长幅度最大。学校需重视梅毒宣教，扩大宣教覆盖面，遏制校园梅毒的发生与传播。
- 梅毒 /
- 流行病学研究 /
- 回归分析 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective To analyze epidemiological trends and changing characteristics of syphilis among students in Yunnan Province from 2005 to 2023, so as to provide evidence for the comprehensive prevention and control of syphilis in schools. Methods The case data of syphilis among students in Yunnan Province from 2005 to 2023 were obtained from the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention. The Joinpoint regression model was used to conduct a time trend analysis of the reported incidence rate of syphilis. Results From 2005 to 2023, a cumulative total of 3 191 cases of syphilis were reported in schools in Yunnan Province(1 248 male cases and 1 943 female cases). The reported incidence rate rose continuously from 0.17/100 000 in 2005 to 8.26/100 000 in 2023, with an average annual percent change (AAPC) of 24.89%(Z=13.18, P < 0.01). The reported incidence rate was higher in female students than in male students (χ²=229.48, P < 0.05). The incidence rates in the primary school, junior high school, senior high school and higher education were 0.21/100 000, 2.42/100 000, 4.45/100 000 and 6.29/100 000 respectively, and the difference was statistically significant(χ²=3 432.84, P < 0.05). The average annual growth rate was the highest in the junior high school stage(AAPC=30.68%, Z=7.57, P < 0.05), followed by the senior high school stage (AAPC=24.28%, Z=5.70, P < 0.05).The reported incidence rate of primary and secondary syphilis increased from 0.12/100 000 in 2005 to 2.06/100 000 in 2023, with an AAPC of 16.86% (Z=4.57, P < 0.05). Conclusions The overall reported incidence rate of syphilis among students in schools in Yunnan Province shows a sustained upward trend, with the most rapid annual increase observed in junior high schools. Schools should prioritize syphilis education and expand awareness campaigns to curb transmission.
- Syphilis /
- Epidemiologic studies /
- Regression analysis /
- Students
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表 1 云南省2005—2023年学生梅毒报告病例数及发病率

Table 1. The syphilis cases reported and incidence among school students in Yunnan Province from 2005 to 2023

年份	病例数	性别		学段
年份	病例数	男生	女生	小学	初中	高中	高等教育
2005	13(0.17)	7(0.18)	6(0.17)	0	0	4(0.51)	9(2.25)
2006	21(0.27)	10(0.24)	11(0.30)	2(0.04)	4(0.21)	5(0.57)	10(2.16)
2007	12(0.15)	9(0.21)	3(0.08)	3(0.07)	1(0.05)	3(0.30)	5(1.03)
2008	23(0.28)	7(0.16)	16(0.41)	2(0.04)	4(0.20)	5(0.46)	12(2.26)
2009	20(0.24)	9(0.21)	11(0.28)	6(0.14)	5(0.24)	5(0.46)	4(0.68)
2010	26(0.32)	16(0.38)	10(0.25)	12(0.27)	3(0.15)	2(0.18)	9(1.52)
2011	24(0.29)	12(0.28)	12(0.31)	9(0.21)	4(0.19)	3(0.22)	8(1.58)
2012	38(0.47)	24(0.56)	14(0.36)	6(0.15)	3(0.15)	11(0.80)	18(2.48)
2013	41(0.52)	23(0.55)	18(0.48)	5(0.13)	6(0.32)	9(0.68)	21(2.71)
2014	60(0.76)	36(0.87)	24(0.64)	5(0.13)	10(0.53)	13(0.96)	32(3.94)
2015	67(0.84)	40(0.96)	27(0.72)	15(0.40)	15(0.79)	11(0.80)	26(3.03)
2016	83(1.04)	47(1.12)	36(0.95)	7(0.19)	11(0.59)	25(1.76)	40(4.46)
2017	110(1.35)	58(1.36)	52(1.34)	20(0.52)	19(1.01)	32(2.18)	39(4.13)
2018	148(1.80)	65(1.50)	83(2.12)	7(0.18)	40(2.15)	50(3.30)	51(4.92)
2019	268(3.16)	112(2.52)	156(3.88)	15(0.39)	77(4.17)	105(6.67)	71(6.14)
2020	379(4.32)	149(3.23)	230(5.52)	8(0.21)	107(5.87)	147(8.49)	117(9.11)
2021	525(5.95)	193(4.16)	332(7.92)	8(0.21)	146(7.96)	192(11.05)	179(13.20)
2022	611(7.02)	214(4.68)	397(9.62)	15(0.40)	200(10.73)	245(15.93)	151(10.39)
2023	722(8.26)	217(4.72)	505(12.16)	18(0.47)	226(11.98)	251(17.25)	227(15.19)
合计	3 191(2.05)	1 248(1.53)	1 943(2.63)	163(0.21)	881(2.42)	1 118(4.45)	1 029(6.29)
注：()内数字为发病率/10^-5。

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表 2 云南省不同性别不同学段学生梅毒感染途径分布

Table 2. Distribution of syphilis infection routes among students of different genders and school stages in Yunnan Province

性别与学段		人数	性传播		母婴传播	血液传播	其他方式	不详	信息缺失
性别与学段		人数	异性	同性	母婴传播	血液传播	其他方式	不详	信息缺失
性别	男	1 248	736(58.97)	121(9.70)	9(0.72)	1(0.08)	13(1.04)	200(16.03)	168(13.46)
	女	1 943	1 368(70.41)	0	15(0.77)	1(0.05)	15(0.77)	316(16.26)	228(11.74)
学段	小学	163	27(16.56)	0	17(10.43)	1(0.62)	7(4.29)	73(44.79)	38(23.31)
	初中	881	613(69.58)	1(0.11)	5(0.57)	1(0.11)	14(1.59)	135(15.33)	112(12.71)
	高中	1 118	802(71.74)	25(2.24)	2(0.18)	0	4(0.36)	152(13.59)	133(11.89)
	高等教育	1 029	662(64.33)	95(9.24)	0	0	3(0.29)	156(15.16)	113(10.98)
注：()内数字为构成比/%。

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