重庆市中学生健康素养与超重肥胖的关联

王宏; 杨思维; 罗宇; 陈根; 王周艳

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025109

重庆市中学生健康素养与超重肥胖的关联

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025109

重庆医科大学公共卫生学院/医学与社会发展研究中心, 重庆

基金项目:

重庆市教委人文社会科学研究项目 18SKGH016

教育部人文社会科学研究项目 22YJA840010

详细信息

作者简介:
王宏(1968-), 男, 四川眉山人, 硕士, 教授, 主要研究方向为儿童青少年卫生与健康

利益冲突声明所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R179 R723.14 G479
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- 文章访问数: 11
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-09-27
- 修回日期: 2024-11-17
- 网络出版日期: 2025-05-08
- 刊出日期: 2025-04-25

Association of health literacy with overweight and obesity among middle school students in Chongqing

School of Public Health/Center for Medical and Social Development Research, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing (401331), China

摘要

摘要: 目的探讨重庆市中学生健康素养与超重肥胖的关联, 为中学生肥胖防控提供参考依据。方法于2019年11—12月, 采用分层整群抽样方法, 抽取重庆市4个区县8所完全中学7 851名中学生进行健康素养问卷调查和营养状况评定。采用χ²检验和多因素Logistic回归进行统计学分析。结果重庆市中学生超重肥胖检出率为12.95%, 总健康素养和功能性、互动性、批判性3个维度健康素养具备率分别为62.01%, 66.02%, 50.07%, 72.42%。不同区县、城乡、性别、学段、是否为独生子女的中学生超重肥胖检出率差异均有统计学意义(χ²值分别为25.93, 3.86, 80.55, 8.80, 6.43, P值均<0.05)。控制相关混杂因素后, 多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示, 具备总健康素养(OR=0.86, 95%CI=0.75~0.99)、互动性健康素养(OR=0.85, 95%CI=0.74~0.97)和批判性健康素养(OR=0.84, 95%CI=0.73~0.98)的中学生超重肥胖发生风险均较低(P值均<0.05)。结论中学生健康素养与超重肥胖的发生呈负相关。加强学生健康教育, 提升互动性、批判性健康素养水平可为控制和预防超重肥胖创造有利条件。
- 健康教育 /
- 超重 /
- 肥胖症 /
- 回归分析 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective To explore the association of health literacy with overweight and obesity among middle school students in Chongqing, so as to provide evidence for obesity prevention and control strategies. Methods From November to December 2019, a stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 7 851 middle school students from 8 complete middle schools across 4 districts/counties in Chongqing. Participants completed the Adolescent Health Literacy Questionnaire and underwent nutritional status assessments. Chi-square tests and multivariate Logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate associations. Results The prevalence of overweight and obesity among adolescents was 12.95%. The overall health literacy rate and rates for functional, interactive, and critical health literacy dimensions were 62.01%, 66.02%, 50.07%, and 72.42%, respectively. Significant differences in overweight and obesity prevalence were observed across districts/counties, urban/rural areas, sex, school stages, and only-child status (χ²=25.93, 3.86, 80.55, 8.80, 6.43, P<0.05). After adjusting for confounding factors, multivariate Logistic regression revealed that middle school students with overall health literacy (OR=0.86, 95%CI=0.75-0.99), interactive health literacy (OR=0.85, 95%CI=0.74-0.97), and critical health literacy (OR=0.84, 95%CI=0.73-0.98) had a lower risk of overweight and obesity (P<0.05). Conclusions Health literacy is inversely associated with overweight and obesity among middle school students. Strengthening health education and improving interactive and critical health literacy may create favorable conditions for adolescent overweight and obesity prevention and control.
- Health education /
- Overweight /
- Obesity /
- Regression analysis /
- Students
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表 1 不同组别中学生超重肥胖检出率比较

Table 1. Comparison of overweight and obesity detection rates among middle school students of different groups

组别	选项	人数	检出人数	χ²值	P值
性别	男	3 726	616(16.53)	80.55	<0.01
	女	4 125	401(9.72)
区县	A县	2 116	318(15.03)	25.93	<0.01
	B区	1 973	286(14.50)
	C区	1 953	206(10.55)
	D区	1 809	207(11.44)
城乡	农村	3 606	438(12.15)	3.86	<0.05
	城镇	4 245	579(13.64)
学段	初中	3 728	527(14.14)	8.80	<0.01
	高中	4 123	490(11.88)
是否独生子女	是	2 545	365(14.34)	6.43	0.01
	否	5 306	652(12.29)
父亲文化程度	小学及以下	1 316	175(13.30)	3.57	0.47
	初中	3 622	443(12.23)
	高中或中专	1 676	227(13.54)
	大专或以上	569	82(14.41)
	其他	668	90(13.47)
母亲文化程度	小学及以下	2 041	253(12.40)	5.76	0.22
	初中	3 266	406(12.43)
	高中或中专	1 390	197(14.17)
	大专或以上	431	67(15.55)
	其他	723	94(13.00)
父亲教养方式	民主型	5 740	734(12.79)	2.26	0.52
	专制型	1 100	152(13.82)
	溺爱型	355	40(11.27)
	冷漠型	655	91(13.89)
母亲教养方式	民主型	5 839	747(12.79)	1.03	0.79
	专制型	1 037	143(13.79)
	溺爱型	579	78(13.47)
	冷漠型	396	49(12.37)
家庭经济情况	差	1 063	129(12.14)	3.23	0.20
	中等	5 637	721(12.79)
	好	1 151	167(14.51)
学习压力	大	4 181	542(12.96)	1.21	0.55
	一般	3 348	427(12.75)
	小	322	48(14.91)
睡眠时间/(h·d^-1)	<8	5 233	664(12.69)	4.45	0.11
	8~<9	2 309	301(13.04)
	≥9	309	52(16.83)
健康教育课频率	每周0节	3 645	475(13.03)	3.73	0.29
	每2周1节	388	43(11.08)
	每周1节	2 172	300(13.81)
	每周≥2节	1 646	199(12.08)
注：()内数字为检出率/%。

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表 2 重庆市中学生健康素养与超重肥胖多因素Logistic回归分析(n=7 851)

Table 2. Association between health literacy and overweight and obesity among middle school students in Chongqing(n=7 851)

自变量	β值	标准误	Wald χ²值	P值	OR值(95%CI)
总健康素养	-0.15	0.07	4.69	0.03	0.86(0.75~0.99)
功能性健康素养	0.00	0.07	0.00	0.97	1.00(0.87~1.16)
互动性健康素养	-0.17	0.07	5.75	0.02	0.85(0.74~0.97)
批判性健康素养	-0.17	0.08	5.14	0.02	0.84(0.73~0.98)

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