累积生态风险与初中生体育锻炼行为的关系

杜文哲; 黄凯; 吴翠平

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025107

累积生态风险与初中生体育锻炼行为的关系

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025107

1.
郑州大学公共卫生学院，河南 455001
2.
中山大学公共卫生学院

基金项目:

河南省大学生创新创业训练计划项目 202210459160

河南省科技攻关项目 222102310268

详细信息

作者简介:
杜文哲(2000-)，男，河南安阳人，在读硕士，主要研究方向为公共卫生

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R179 G806 G479
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-10-31
- 修回日期: 2025-02-27
- 网络出版日期: 2025-05-08
- 刊出日期: 2025-04-25

Relationship of the cumulative ecological risk and physical activity behaviors among junior high school students

1.
^*College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou (455001), Henan Province, China

摘要

摘要: 目的分析累积生态风险与初中生体育锻炼情况的关系，为推动初中生身心健康发展提供理论支撑。方法 2023年3—4月，采用多阶段随机整群抽样方法，并使用体育活动等级量表和累积生态风险量表对河南省3 502名初中生进行线上调查。运用χ²检验和多元Logistic回归分析不同初中生群体体育锻炼情况及相关因素。结果轻微运动在初中生体育锻炼强度的占比最高(48.5%)，80.4%的初中生为小运动量；其中16.8%的初中生能每天锻炼≥1次，锻炼频率多为每周1~2次(44.1%)。性别、家庭居住地、父母学历、朋友支持与初中生运动量均相关(χ²值分别为122.53，6.49，7.49，10.17，P值均 < 0.05)。多元Logistic回归分析显示，随着累积生态风险指数的升高，初中生选择小运动量(相对于大运动量)的可能性增加(OR=1.12，95%CI=1.02~1.23，P<0.05)，但与中运动量的相关性无统计学意义(OR=1.08，95%CI=0.97~1.21，P>0.05)。结论河南省初中生普遍存在体育锻炼不足的现象，累积生态风险能负向预测初中生体育锻炼行为。
- 累积生态风险 /
- 身体锻炼 /
- 行为 /
- 回归分析 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective To analyze the relationship between cumulative ecological risks and physical activity behaviors of junior high school students, so as to provide theoretical support for promoting the physical and mental health development of junior high school students. Methods From March to April 2023, a multi-stage random cluster sampling method was used to conduct an online survey of 3 502 middle school students in Henan Province. Physical activity levels and cumulative ecological risk were measured using the Physical Activity Rating Scale-3 and the Cumulative Ecological Risk Scale. Chi-square test and multiple Logistic regression were employed to examine the distribution and influencing factors of physical exercise behaviors among different student groups. Results light physical exercise had the highest proportion of physical activity in tensity among junior high school students (48.5%), with 80.4% engaging in low levels of physical activity. Only 16.8% of students exercised ≥1 time daily, and the most common frequency was 1-2 times per week (44.1%). Gender, residential area, parental education, and peer support were all significantly associated with physical activity levels among junior high school students (χ²=122.53, 6.49, 7.49, 10.17, P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that higher cumulative ecological risk scores were associated with a greater likelihood of engaging in low levels of physical activity compared to high levels (OR=1.12, 95%CI=1.02-1.23, P < 0.05), but no significant association was found for moderate physical activity (OR=1.08, 95%CI=0.97-1.21, P>0.05). Conclusions Junior high school students in Henan Province generally engage in insufficient physical exercise. Cumulative ecological risk negatively predicts their physical activity behaviors.
- Cumulative ecological risk /
- Exercise movement techniques /
- Behavior /
- Regression analysis /
- Students
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表 1 不同性别初中生体育锻炼行为分布

Table 1. Physical exercise behavior of junior high school students by different genders

性别	人数	体育锻炼强度					每天体育锻炼时间/min					体育锻炼频率
性别	人数	轻微运动	小强度	中等强度	大强度但不持久	大强度且持久	≤10	11~20	21~30	31~59	≥60	＜1次/月	2~3次/月	1~2次/周	3~5次/周	≥1次/d
男	1 741	685(39.4)	274(15.7)	441(25.3)	284(16.3)	57(3.3)	207(11.9)	586(33.7)	559(32.1)	221(12.7)	168(9.6)	103(5.9)	287(16.5)	789(45.3)	302(17.4)	260(14.9)
女	1 761	1 013(57.5)	265(15.0)	359(20.5)	91(5.2)	33(1.9)	264(15.0)	706(40.1)	603(34.2)	142(8.1)	46(2.6)	112(6.4)	290(16.5)	756(42.9)	273(15.5)	330(18.7)
合计	3 502	1 698(48.5)	539(15.4)	800(22.8)	375(10.7)	90(2.6)	471(13.4)	1 292(36.9)	1 162(33.2)	363(10.4)	214(6.1)	215(6.1)	577(16.5)	1 545(44.1)	575(16.4)	590(16.9)
注：()内数字为构成比/%。

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表 2 初中生体育活动等级的单因素分析

Table 2. Univariate analysis of physical activity levels among junior high school students

因素	选项	人数	小运动量	中运动量	大运动量	χ²值	P值
性别	男	1 741	1 281(73.6)	302(17.3)	158(9.1)	122.53	< 0.01
	女	1 761	1 533(87.1)	191(10.8)	37(2.1)
年级	初一	1 838	1 483(80.7)	265(14.4)	90(4.9)	3.62	0.46
	初二	1 508	1 205(79.9)	207(13.7)	96(6.4)
	初三	156	126(80.8)	21(13.5)	9(5.7)
家庭居住地	城市	2 361	1 877(79.5)	337(14.3)	147(6.2)	6.49	0.04
	农村	1 141	937(82.1)	156(13.7)	48(4.2)
住宿生	是	671	540(80.5)	101(15.1)	30(4.4)	2.36	0.31
	否	2 831	2 274(80.3)	392(13.8)	165(5.9)
父母学历	无风险	1 823	1 438(78.9)	267(14.6)	118(6.5)	7.49	0.24
	有风险	1 679	1 376(81.9)	226(13.5)	77(4.6)
家庭结构	无风险	3 381	2 724(80.6)	472(14.0)	185(5.4)	3.15	0.21
	有风险	121	90(74.4)	21(17.4)	10(8.2)
家庭经济	无风险	3 296	2 648(80.3)	465(14.1)	183(5.6)	0.06	0.97
条件	有风险	206	166(80.6)	28(13.6)	12(5.8)
家庭支持	无风险	2 639	2 113(80.1)	373(14.1)	153(5.8)	1.15	0.56
	有风险	863	701(81.2)	120(13.9)	42(4.9)
朋友支持	无风险	2 670	2 117(79.3)	389(14.6)	164(6.1)	10.17	0.01
	有风险	832	697(83.8)	104(12.5)	31(3.7)
师生关系	无风险	2 900	2 318(79.9)	411(14.2)	171(5.9)	3.75	0.15
	有风险	602	496(82.4)	82(13.6)	24(4.0)
同学关系	无风险	2 934	2 347(80.0)	415(14.1)	172(5.9)	3.17	0.21
	有风险	568	467(82.2)	78(13.7)	23(4.1)
学校联结	无风险	2 873	2 295(79.9)	412(14.3)	166(5.8)	2.49	0.29
	有风险	629	519(82.5)	81(12.9)	29(4.6)
不良同伴	无风险	2 799	2 255(80.6)	392(14.0)	152(5.4)	0.60	0.74
交往	有风险	703	559(79.5)	101(14.4)	43(6.1)
注：()内数字为构成比/%。

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