新疆农牧区青少年肌肉质量指数及其与心血管危险因素的关联

赵亚莉; 刘玮琛; 刘圣泽; 阿力木江

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025105

新疆农牧区青少年肌肉质量指数及其与心血管危险因素的关联

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025105

1.
喀什大学体育学院, 新疆 844000
2.
新疆职业大学公共教学部(体育教学部)
3.
新疆师范大学体育学院
4.
新疆伊犁州儿童医院保健科

详细信息

作者简介:
赵亚莉(1991- )，女，陕西省人，硕士，讲师，主要研究方向为体育教学与健康促进。

通讯作者:
刘玮琛，E-mail：weihe88yi@sina.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R179 R714.252 G804.49
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-10-22
- 修回日期: 2025-02-07
- 网络出版日期: 2025-05-08
- 刊出日期: 2025-04-25

Exploration of muscle mass index and its association with cardiovascular risk factors among adolescents in Xinjiang's agricultural and pastoral areas

1.
College of Physical Education, Kashi University, Kashi (844000), Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China

摘要

摘要: 目的探究新疆农牧区青少年肌肉质量指数(MMI)及其与心血管危险因素之间存在的关联，为农牧区青少年心血管疾病的预防和干预提供参考和依据。方法 2023年3—7月，采用分层整群随机抽样方法选取新疆伊犁农牧区4所中学1 842名13~18岁中学生，进行肌肉质量、体格指标、调查问卷和血液样本的检测与分析。采用单因素方差分析、Kruskal-Wallis H检验、Mann-Whitney U检验及Logistic回归进行统计学分析。结果新疆农牧区MMI严重不足、不足、良好、充足的青少年体重、体质量指数(BMI)、腰围、肌肉质量、收缩压、舒张压、总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、空腹血糖组间差异均有统计学意义(F值分别为326.78，634.76，261.67，134.56，80.14，16.78，5.84，21.67，3.42，P值均＜0.01)。Logisitc回归分析结果显示，调整年龄、BMI因素后，总体上MMI良好(OR=0.55~0.62)和充足(OR=0.52~0.57)青少年发生心血管危险因素聚集的风险均低于MMI不足的青少年(P值均＜0.05)；按性别分层后，男生MMI良好(OR=0.48~0.62)和女生MMI良好(OR=0.61)青少年发生心血管危险因素聚集的风险也均低于MMI不足的青少年(P值均＜0.05)。结论新疆农牧区青少年MMI与心血管健康呈正相关。应注重农牧区青少年肌肉力量锻炼，提高MMI对促进青少年心血管健康具有积极作用。
- 肌肉质量指数 /
- 心血管疾病 /
- 回归分析 /
- 青少年 /
- 少数民族
Abstract: Objective To explore the muscle mass index (MMI) among adolescents in Xinjiang's agricultural and pastoral areas and its association with cardiovascular risk factors, providing references and basis for the prevention and intervention of cardiovascular diseases among adolescents in these regions. Methods From March to July 2023, a total of 1 842 students aged 13-18 years from four middle schools in Yili agricultural and pastoral areas of Xinjiang were selected using cluster random sampling. Measurements of muscle mass, physical indicators, questionnaires, and blood samples were conducted and analyzed. Statistical analyses were performed using one-way analysis of variance, Kruskal-Wallis H test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Logistic regression analysis. Results There were significant differences in weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, muscle mass, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and fasting blood glucose among adolescents with severe, insufficient, good, and sufficient MMI in Xinjiang's agricultural and pastoral areas(F=326.78, 634.76, 261.67, 134.56, 80.14, 16.78, 5.84, 21.67, 3.42, P < 0.01). Logistic regression analysis showed that, after adjusting age and BMI, the risk of cardiovascular risk factors aggregation in adolescents with good (OR=0.55-0.62) and adequate (OR=0.52-0.57) MMI were lower than that in adolescents with insufficient MMI (P < 0.05). After gender stratification, the risk of cardiovascular risk factors aggregation in adolescents with good MMI for boys (OR=0.48-0.62) and with good MMI for girls (OR=0.61) were also lower than that in adolescents with insufficient MMI (P < 0.05). Conclusions MMI in adolescents from agricultural and pastoral areas of Xinjiang are positively correlated with cardiovascular health. Future efforts should focus on muscle strength training for adolescents in these areas, as improving MMI can play a positive role in promoting cardiovascular health in adolescents.
- Muscle mass index /
- Cardiovascular diseases /
- Regression analysis /
- Adolescent /
- Minority groups
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表 1 新疆农牧区不同年龄段青少年MMI分布

Table 1. MMI distribution among adolescents of different age groups in agricultural and pastoral areas of Xinjiang

性别	年龄/岁	人数	严重不足	不足	良好	充足
男	13~15	329	12(3.65)	61(18.54)	142(43.16)	114(34.65)
	16~18	806	44(5.46)	259(32.13)	358(44.42)	145(17.99)
女	13~15	316	6(1.90)	57(18.04)	151(47.78)	102(32.28)
	16~18	391	18(4.60)	90(23.02)	160(40.92)	123(31.46)
注： ( )内数字为构成比/%。

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表 2 新疆农牧区不同MMI青少年各指标比较(x ±s)

Table 2. Comparison of each index in adolescents with different muscle mass indices in agricultural and pastoral areas of Xinjiang (x ±s)

MMI分组	人数	年龄/岁	身高/cm	体重/kg	BMI/(kg·m^-2)	腰围/cm	收缩压/mmHg	舒张压/mmHg	TC/(mmol·L^-1)	HDL-C/(mmol·L^-1)	LDL-C/(mmol·L^-1)	FPG/(mmol·L^-1)	TG/(mmol·L^-1)^a
严重不足	80	16.03±1.12	167.03±8.81	46.12±5.32	17.24±1.23	67.82±4.76	107.82±9.12	70.12±8.56	4.06±1.02	1.54±0.47	2.16±0.83	5.02±0.78	1.02(0.94，1.11)
不足	467	16.05±1.14	168.02±8.51	51.21±6.51	18.16±1.87	69.37±5.03	108.67±11.27	68.56±7.89	4.11±0.94	1.55±0.42	2.21±0.79	4.86±0.82	0.97(0.91，1.02)
良好	811	16.04±1.12	168.08±8.49	56.08±9.27	21.42±2.35	73.67±7.42	112.56±11.23	67.35±7.56	3.95±0.92	1.42±0.37	2.11±0.84	4.76±0.76	0.98(0.92，1.03)
充足	484	16.03±1.15	168.05±8.43	70.16±9.32	25.68±2.89	84.37±10.32	119.52±11.87	68.72±8.56	3.96±0.97	1.36±0.36	2.24±0.85	4.81±0.61	1.19(1.09，1.25)
F/H值		17.12	1.57	326.78	634.76	261.67	80.14	16.78	5.84	21.67	2.49	3.42	25.47
P值		＜0.01	0.19	＜0.01	＜0.01	＜0.01	＜0.01	＜0.01	＜0.01	＜0.01	0.06	0.02	＜0.01
注： ^a采用M(P₂₅，P₇₅)描述；1 mmHg=0.133 kPa。

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表 3 新疆农牧区青少年MMI与心血管聚集危险因素Logistic回归分析[OR值(95%CI)]

Table 3. Logistic regression analysis of MMI and cardiovascular aggregation risk factors in adolescents in agricultural and pastoral areas of Xinjiang [OR(95%CI)]

模型	自变量	心血管危险因素个数1~2	心血管危险因素个数≥3
模型1	MMI	1.39(1.23~1.55)^**	1.59(1.38~1.83)^**
模型2	MMI	0.75(0.64~0.91)^**	0.86(0.69~1.09)
模型3	正常体重和低MMI	1.00	1.00
	正常体重和高MMI	0.91(0.72~1.18)	0.87(0.61~1.24)
	超重肥胖和低MMI	6.77(0.74~58.86)	5.58(0.86~35.07)
	超重肥胖和高MMI	2.92(2.14~3.94)^**	3.08(2.13~4.39)^**
注：^** P＜0.01；模型3排除2名消瘦青少年。

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表 4 新疆农牧区不同性别青少年MMI与心血管危险因素聚集关联[OR值(95%CI)]

Table 4. Association between MMI and cardiovascular aggregation risk factors in adolescents of different genders in agricultural and pastoral areas of Xinjiang[OR(95%CI)]

性别	MMI分组	人数	心血管危险因素个数1~2	心血管危险因素个数≥3
男	不足	376	1.00	1.00
	良好	500	0.62(0.44~0.85)^**	0.48(0.31~0.82)^**
	充足	259	0.57(0.34~0.97)^*	0.57(0.29~1.19)
女	不足	171	1.00	1.00
	良好	311	0.61(0.39~0.92)^*	0.63(0.36~1.13)
	充足	225	0.59(0.32~1.08)	0.47(0.22~1.04)
合计	不足	547	1.00	1.00
	良好	811	0.62(0.47~0.81)^**	0.55(0.38~0.81)^**
	充足	484	0.57(0.38~0.86)^**	0.52(0.31~0.88)^*
注：^* P＜0.05，^** P＜0.01。

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