A cross-lagged study on body dissatisfaction, weight bias internalization, and eating disorders among junior high school students
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摘要:
目的 探讨初中生身体不满、体重偏见内化和饮食失调之间的动态关联及性别差异，为合理开展相关干预活动提供参考。 方法 2023年6—12月，采用整群抽样方法在福州市某中学抽取698名初中学生进行为期6个月的3次追踪调查(T1：2023年6月，T2：2023年9月，T3：2023年12月)，采用进食障碍量表-身体不满意亚量表(EDI-BD)、中国儿童和青少年体重偏见内化量表(C-WBIS)、中文版饮食失调简短版问卷(C-EDE-QS)进行调查。采用方差分析、t检验、Pearson相关分析和交叉滞后分析进行统计分析。 结果 T1时不同年级和是否有留守经历初中生身体不满评分差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为-3.25，2.12)，不同性别、年级和是否有留守经历初中生的体重偏见内化与饮食失调评分比较，差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为-3.03，-2.43，2.43；-4.64，-2.04，2.63，P值均 < 0.05)。交叉滞后分析显示，身体不满是初中生体重偏见内化(βT1-T2=0.22，βT2-T3=0.12)和饮食失调(βT1-T2=0.09，βT2-T3=0.17)的预测因素，饮食失调可以预测身体不满(βT1-T2=0.15，βT2-T3=0.13)和体重偏见内化(βT1-T2=0.14，βT2-T3=0.23)，差异均有统计学意义(P值均 < 0.01)。身体不满、体重偏见内化和饮食失调三者的相互预测作用因性别而异，女生T2体重偏见内化对T3身体不满有预测作用(β=0.11)，女生T1、T2饮食失调对T2、T3体重偏见内化有预测作用(βT1-T2=0.26，βT2-T3=0.21)(P值均 < 0.01)。 结论 初中生身体不满、体重偏见内化与饮食失调之间相互影响，存在一定的双向关联和性别差异。 Abstract:Objective To explore the dynamic association and gender difference among body dissatisfaction, weight bias internalization and eating disorders in junior high school students, so as to provide the reference for the rational implementation of relevant intervention activitites. Methods From June to December 2023, a cluster sampling method was used to select 698 students from a middle school in Fuzhou for three follow-up surveys for a period of 6 months (T1:June 2023, T2:September 2023, T3:December 2023). The Eating Disorders Inventory-Body Dissatisfaction (EDI-BD), the Chinese Version of the Weight Bias Internalization Scale for Mainland Chinese Children and Adolescents (C-WBIS), and the Chinese Version of the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (C-EDE-QS) were used for investigation. Analysis of variance, t test, Pearson correlation analysis and cross-lagged analysis were used for statistical analysis. Results T1 there were statistically significant differences in body dissatisfaction scores among junior high school students of different grades and with or without left-behind experience (t=-3.25, 2.12, P < 0.05). There were statistically significant differences in weight bias internalization (t=-3.03, -2.43, 2.43) and eating disorders (t=-4.64, -2.04, 2.63) among junior high school students of different genders, grades and with or without left-behind experience (P < 0.05). Cross-lagged analysis showed that body dissatisfaction was a predictor of weight bias internalization (βT1-T2=0.22, βT2-T3=0.12) and eating disorders (βT1-T2=0.09, βT2-T3=0.17, P < 0.01). Eating disorders could predict body dissatisfaction (βT1-T2=0.15, βT2-T3=0.13) and weight bias internalization (βT1-T2=0.14, βT2-T3=0.23, P < 0.01). The mutual predictive effect of body dissatisfaction, weight bias internalization and eating disorders varied with gender. T2 weight bias internalization in girls had a predictive effect on T3 body dissatisfaction (β=0.11). T1 and T2 eating disorders in girls had a predictive effect on T2 and T3 weight bias internalization (βT1-T2=0.26, βT2-T3=0.21) (P < 0.01). Conclusions Body dissatisfaction, weight bias internalization, and eating disorders of the junior high school students are interconnected. And there is a certain two-way correlation and gender difference between body dissatisfaction, weight bias internalization and eating disorders in junior high school students. -
Key words:
- Prejudice /
- Body weight /
- Food habits /
- Mental health /
- Gross-lagged analysis /
- Students
1) 利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。 -
图 1 初中生身体不满、体重偏见内化和饮食失调的交叉滞后分析
Figure 1. Cross-lag analysis of body dissatisfaction, weight bias internalization and disordered eating among middle school students
图 2 女生身体不满、体重偏见内化和饮食失调的交叉滞后分析
Figure 2. Cross-lag analysis of body dissatisfaction, weight bias internalization and disordered eating in girls groups
图 3 男生身体不满、体重偏见内化和饮食失调的交叉滞后分析
Figure 3. Cross-lag analysis of body dissatisfaction, weight bias internalization and disordered eating in boys groups
表 1 不同人口学特征初中生T1时身体不满、体重偏见内化与饮食失调得分比较($\bar{x} \pm s$)
Table 1. Comparative of scores of body dissatisfaction, weight bias internalization and disordered eating at T1 time point among middle school students with different demographic characteristics($\bar{x} \pm s$)
人口学变量 人数 身体不满 体重偏见内化 饮食失调 $\bar{x} \pm s$ t值 $\bar{x} \pm s$ t值 $\bar{x} \pm s$ t值 性别 男 364 29.16±8.99 -0.40 16.49±8.60 -3.03** 3.29±4.44 -4.64** 女 334 29.44±9.61 18.64±10.03 5.04±5.38 年级 初一 330 28.10±8.51 -3.25** 16.62±8.39 -2.43* 3.72±4.70 -2.04* 初二 368 30.36±9.83 18.33±10.11 4.49±5.21 留守经历 是 65 31.62±9.22 2.12* 20.20±9.60 2.43* 5.80±5.42 2.63* 否 633 29.06±9.27 17.25±9.31 3.96±4.91 注：*P < 0.05，**P < 0.01。 
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表 2 初中生身体不满、体重偏见内化与饮食失调的相关分析(r值)
Table 2. Correlation analysis among body dissatisfaction, weight bias internalization, and disordered eating among middle school students(r)
性别 变量 T1身
体不满T2身
体不满T3身
体不满T1体重
偏见内化T2体重
偏见内化T3体重
偏见内化T1饮
食失调T2饮
食失调总体 T2身体不满 0.73 (n=698) T3身体不满 0.67 0.75 T1体重偏见内化 0.55 0.47 0.48 T2体重偏见内化 0.51 0.58 0.49 0.60 T3体重偏见内化 0.49 0.53 0.60 0.57 0.69 T1饮食失调 0.52 0.50 0.50 0.57 0.48 0.52 T2饮食失调 0.46 0.52 0.49 0.48 0.55 0.56 0.74 T3饮食失调 0.46 0.46 0.55 0.43 0.43 0.55 0.69 0.69 男生 T2身体不满 0.69 (n=364) T3身体不满 0.65 0.73 T1体重偏见内化 0.46 0.39 0.43 T2体重偏见内化 0.44 0.52 0.41 0.52 T3体重偏见内化 0.43 0.45 0.55 0.52 0.59 T1饮食失调 0.44 0.40 0.46 0.49 0.32 0.39 T2饮食失调 0.41 0.46 0.48 0.39 0.44 0.44 0.65 T3饮食失调 0.41 0.40 0.52 0.35 0.33 0.44 0.59 0.61 女生 T2身体不满 0.76 (n=334) T3身体不满 0.70 0.77 T1体重偏见内化 0.64 0.54 0.52 T2体重偏见内化 0.58 0.64 0.57 0.66 T3体重偏见内化 0.55 0.59 0.63 0.61 0.77 T1饮食失调 0.60 0.58 0.54 0.62 0.61 0.60 T2饮食失调 0.51 0.56 0.50 0.53 0.64 0.64 0.79 T3饮食失调 0.50 0.52 0.57 0.49 0.52 0.63 0.76 0.74 注：P值均 < 0.01。
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表 3 初中生不同时间点身体不满、体重偏见内化和饮食失调得分比较(n=698，$\bar{x} \pm s$)
Table 3. Comparison of body dissatisfaction, weight bias internalization, and disordered eating at different time points among middle school students(n=698, $\bar{x} \pm s$)
时间点 身体不满 体重偏见内化 饮食失调 T1 29.29±9.29 17.52±9.37 4.13±4.99 T2 28.87±9.80 16.81±9.93 3.72±4.98 T3 28.05±9.67 16.24±9.75 3.19±4.43 F值 10.75 8.11 22.70 注：P值均 < 0.01。
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