母亲为适龄女生接种人乳头瘤病毒疫苗意愿影响因素分析

邱晓菲; 康晓; 庄文文; 高日月; 张德磊; 邵燕燕; 李雪丹; 杨峰

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025097

母亲为适龄女生接种人乳头瘤病毒疫苗意愿影响因素分析

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025097

邱晓菲¹,
康晓¹,
庄文文²,
高日月³,
张德磊⁴,
邵燕燕⁵,
李雪丹^6, ,,
杨峰^1, ,

1.
青岛市疾病预防控制中心，山东 266000
2.
胶州市疾病预防控制中心
3.
莱西市疾病预防控制中心
4.
青岛西海岸新区疾病预防控制中心
5.
莱西市妇幼保健计划生育服务中心
6.
青岛市崂山区疾病预防控制中心

基金项目:

山东省医药卫生科技项目 202312030958

详细信息

作者简介:
邱晓菲(1991-)，女，山东青岛人，硕士，主管医师，主要从事免疫规划工作

通讯作者:
李雪丹，E-mail: 19771228@qq.com

杨峰，E-mail: 361868056@qq.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R179 R186 R373.9
计量
- 文章访问数: 9
- HTML全文浏览量: 5
- PDF下载量: 2
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2025-01-02
- 修回日期: 2025-02-12
- 网络出版日期: 2025-05-08
- 刊出日期: 2025-04-25

Analysis of influencing factors for maternal intentions to vaccinate age-appropriate girls against human papillomavirus

1.
^*Qingdao Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao (266000), Shandong Province, China

摘要

摘要: 目的了解青岛市母亲为适龄女生接种人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)的意愿及影响因素，为开展有针对性的健康教育提供理论基础。方法采用多阶段随机抽样方法，于2023年3—12月选取青岛市2 244名12~14岁初中女生的母亲开展横断面研究。采用Mann-Whitney U检验比较组间差异以及Logistic回归分析母亲为适龄女儿接种HPV疫苗意愿影响因素。结果愿意为女儿接种HPV疫苗的母亲有2 002名(89.22%)，自身已全程接种或准备全程接种的母亲1 539名(68.58%)，愿意为女儿接种的母亲认知得分为10(8，11)分。多因素Logistic回归分析显示，>45岁(OR=0.19)、家庭年总收入(6~<15)万元(OR=0.65)、(15~<30)万元(OR=0.58)、(30~50)万元(OR=0.22)、认知得分越高(OR=0.90)的母亲更愿意为女儿接种；学历为大专或本科(OR=1.66)、从不进行HPV筛查或偶尔筛查(OR=1.58)、不愿意接种、不准备全程接种或超龄未接种(OR=7.13)、不担心女儿感染(OR=2.54)、女儿处于非青春期(OR=1.93)的母亲更不愿意为女儿接种(P值均<0.05)。不愿意接种的主要原因是担心疫苗安全(65.06%)，其次为母亲认为“孩子年龄太小，长大后再接种”(13.25%)。结论青岛市适龄女生母亲为女儿接种HPV疫苗意愿较高，意愿受母亲自身接种情况、认知水平、女儿发育时期等因素影响。建议加强针对性健康教育，提高母亲认知水平和接受程度，提升HPV疫苗接种率。
- 母亲 /
- 乳头状瘤病毒疫苗 /
- 态度 /
- 回归分析 /
- 学生 /
- 女(雌)性
Abstract: Objective To investigate the intentions of mothers of age-appropriate girls in Qingdao to vaccinate their daughters against human papillomavirus (HPV), so as to provide theoretical guidance for targeted health education in the future. Methods A multi-stage random sampling method was adopted to conduct a cross-sectional study among 2 244 mothers of girls aged 12-14 years in Qingdao from March to December 2023. The Mann-Whitney U test was used for group comparisons, and Logistic regression was performed to analyze the factors that influenced maternal intention to vaccinate their age-appropriate daughters against HPV. Results Among the surveyed mothers, 89.22% (n=2 002) intended to vaccinate their daughters against HPV, and 68.58% (n=1 539) had fully vaccinated or had plans to complete it for themselves. The knowledge score of mothers intended to vaccinate their daughters was 10 (8, 11). The multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that mothers aged >45 years (OR=0.19), those with an annual family income of 60 000- < 150 000 yuan (OR=0.65), 150 000-<300 000 yuan (OR=0.58), 300 000-500 000 yuan (OR=0.22), and those with higher knowledge scores (OR=0.90) were more likely to vaccinate their daughters (P<0.05). Mothers with a junior college or undergraduate degree (OR=1.66), those who never or occasionally screened for HPV (OR=1.58), those who were intended to be vaccinated, not planning to complete the full-course vaccination, or over-aged and unvaccinated (OR=7.13), those who were not concerned about their daughters' HPV infection (OR=2.54), and those whose daughters were not in adolescence (OR=1.93) were less intended to vaccinate their daughters (P<0.05). The primary reasons for vaccine hesitancy were vaccine safety concerns (65.06%), followed by the belief of mothers that "the children is to young, and can be vaccinated when they are older" (13.25%). Conclusions Mothers of eligible girls in Qingdao have relatively higher intentions to vaccinate their daughters against HPV, and willingness is influenced by factors such as the mother's vaccination status, knowledge level, and daughter's development stage. It is recommended to strengthen targeted health education, improve the cognitive level and acceptance of mother, and increase the vaccination rate of HPV vaccines.
- Mothers /
- Papillomavirus vaccines /
- Attitude /
- Regression analysis /
- Students /
- Female
注释:

1) 利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。

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表 1 母亲为女儿接种HPV疫苗意愿的单因素分析(n=2 244)

Table 1. Univariate analysis of mothers' intentions to vaccinate their daughters against HPV(n=2 244)

组别	选项	人数	有意愿人数	报告率/%	OR值(95%CI)	P值
年龄/岁	≤45	1 869	1 659	88.76	1.00
	>45	375	343	91.47	0.74(0.49~1.07)	0.13
民族	汉族	2 195	1 960	89.29	1.00
	其他	49	42	85.71	1.39(0.57~2.94)	0.43
文化程度	中学及以下	1 469	1 310	89.18	1.00
	大专或本科	709	632	89.14	1.00(0.75~1.34)	0.98
	硕士及以上	66	60	90.91	0.82(0.31~1.79)	0.66
职业	服务业人员	247	228	92.31	1.00
	自由职业者	116	108	93.10	0.89(0.36~2.03)	0.79
	工厂工人	167	145	86.83	1.82(0.95~3.51)	0.07
	公司职员	565	510	90.27	1.29(0.76~2.28)	0.35
	商人或公司负责人	173	158	91.33	1.14(0.55~2.30)	0.72
	事业单位/公务员/政府人员	89	77	86.52	1.87(0.85~3.99)	0.11
	医务人员	75	67	89.33	1.43(0.57~3.32)	0.42
	教师	92	85	92.39	0.99(0.38~2.34)	0.98
	家庭主妇	306	266	86.93	1.81(1.03~3.27)	0.04
	其他	414	358	86.47	1.88(1.11~3.32)	0.02
婚姻状况	已婚	2 127	1 901	89.37	1.00
	离异或丧偶	117	101	86.32	1.33(0.75~2.24)	0.30
家庭年总收入/万元	< 6	600	504	84.00	1.00
	6~ < 15	902	813	90.13	0.58(0.42~0.78)	< 0.01
	15~ < 30	511	468	91.59	0.48(0.33~0.70)	< 0.01
	30~50	151	145	96.03	0.22(0.08~0.47)	< 0.01
	>50	80	72	90.00	0.58(0.25~1.18)	0.17
家庭居住地类型	城市	1 645	1 478	89.85	1.00
	农村	599	524	87.48	1.27(0.94~1.69)	0.11
女儿发育时期	青春期	1 994	1 796	90.07	1.00
	非青春期	250	206	82.40	1.94(1.34~2.75)	< 0.01
宫颈癌家族史	有	37	35	94.59	1.00
	无	2 207	1 967	89.13	2.14(0.65~13.20)	0.30
HPV筛查频率	定期筛查	625	581	92.96	1.00
	从不筛查或偶尔筛查	1 619	1 421	87.77	1.84(1.32~2.62)	< 0.01
HPV感染情况	感染过或正在感染	50	45	90.00	1.00
	未感染或不清楚	2 194	1 957	89.20	1.09(0.47~3.17)	0.86
母亲疫苗接种情况	已全程接种或准备全程接种	1 539	1 447	94.02	1.00
	不愿意接种、不准备全程接种或超龄未接种	705	555	78.72	4.25(3.23~5.63)	< 0.01
是否担心女儿感染	担心	1 925	1 758	91.32	1.00
	不担心	319	244	76.49	3.24(2.38~4.37)	< 0.01

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 母亲为女儿接种HPV疫苗意愿的多因素分析(n=2 244)

Table 2. Multivariate analysis of mothers' intentions to vaccinate their daughters against HPV(n=2 244)

自变量	选项	β值	标准误	Wald χ²值	OR值(95%CI)	P值
年龄/岁	≤45				1.00
	>45	-1.67	0.23	53.91	0.19(0.12~0.29)	< 0.01
文化程度	中学及以下				1.00
	大专或本科	0.51	0.20	6.52	1.66(1.12~2.46)	0.01
	硕士及以上	0.32	0.55	0.33	1.37(0.43~3.77)	0.56
家庭年总收入/万元	<6				1.00
	6~<15	-0.44	0.18	5.92	0.65(0.45~0.92)	0.02
	15~<30	-0.55	0.24	5.49	0.58(0.36~0.91)	0.02
	30~50	-1.53	0.47	10.45	0.22(0.08~0.51)	<0.01
	>50	-0.61	0.49	1.59	0.54(0.20~1.34)	0.21
女儿发育时期	青春期				1.00
	非青春期	0.66	0.21	10.25	1.93(1.28~2.86)	<0.01
HPV筛查频率	定期筛查				1.00
	从不筛查或偶尔筛查	0.46	0.21	4.93	1.58(1.06~2.39)	0.03
母亲疫苗接种情况	已全程接种或准备全程接种				1.00
	不愿意接种、不准备全程接种或超龄未接种	1.96	0.17	137.90	7.13(5.14~9.91)	<0.01
是否担心女儿感染	担心				1.00
	不担心	0.93	0.18	27.81	2.54(1.79~3.59)	<0.01
认知得分		-0.11	0.03	13.55	0.90(0.84~0.95)	<0.01

下载: 导出CSV

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