非公安专业大学新生筛查性近视与体能指数的关系

许树艳; 明秀峰; 雷志军; 苏献军; 刘鹏飞; 韦红妮; 刘平; 廖倩; 张翅; 陈千英

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025068

非公安专业大学新生筛查性近视与体能指数的关系

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025068

1.
广西警察学院公共基础教研部, 南宁 530000
2.
广西警察学院学工部
3.
广西警察学院侦查学院
4.
广西警察学院公共体育教研部
5.
广西医科大学附属肿瘤医院肿瘤内科

基金项目:

2022年度广西高等教育本科教学改革工程项目 2022JGB418

详细信息

作者简介:
许树艳(1974-)，女，湖北潜江人，硕士，副教授，主要研究方向为健康教育与健康促进

通讯作者:
陈千英，E-mail: 3882515163@qq.com

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R179 R778.1⁺¹ G804.49
计量
- 文章访问数: 39
- HTML全文浏览量: 30
- PDF下载量: 4
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-07-27
- 修回日期: 2025-01-06
- 网络出版日期: 2025-04-03
- 刊出日期: 2025-03-25

Relationship between screening myopia and physical fitness index in college freshmen without majoring in public safety administration

1.
Department of Public Basic Teaching and Research, Guangxi Police College, Nanning (530000), Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China

摘要

摘要: 目的探索非公安专业大学新生视力与体能的关系，为大学新生的近视防控提供参考。方法于2022年10—11月，采用分层整群随机抽样方法选择2022年广西警察学院非公安专业大学新生2 160名为研究对象，根据新生入学视力检测结果与体能成绩，采用体能测试成绩Z分数评价体能指数，采用Logistic回归模型分析体能指数等级与筛查性近视的关联强度。结果 2 160名非公安专业大学新生中，筛查性近视人数为917名(42.5%)，其中高度近视66名(3.1%)、中度近视383名(17.7%)、低度近视468名(21.7%)。不同体能指数、体质量指数、性别的学生视力检测分布情况差异均有统计学意义(Z/H值分别为54.50，49.53，15.51，P值均 < 0.01)。学生低等级和中低等级体能指数与筛查性近视相关[OR值(95%CI)分别为2.81(1.93~4.08)，1.87(1.38~2.54)]，低等级体能指数与高度近视相关[OR值(95%CI)=7.22(2.33~22.32)](P值均 < 0.01)。结论非公安专业大学新生筛查性近视与体能相关，低等级和中低等级体能指数是筛查性近视的风险因素，提高体能水平可能对预防近视有效。
- 近视 /
- 体育运动 /
- 人体质量指数 /
- 回归分析 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective To explore the relationship between visual acuity and physical fitness of university freshmen, so as to provide reference for myopia prevention and control for freshmen. Methods From October to November 2022, 2 160 college freshman without majoring in public safety administration, selected from Guangxi Police College in 2022 by using the stratified cluster random sampling method, were reviewed for the results of visual acuity test and physical fitness scores. The physical fitness indices were evaluated by using the Z-scores of physical fitness test scores, and the strength of association between the level of physical fitness index and myopia was analyzed by using Logistic regression model. Results Among 2 160 college freshman without majoring in public safety administration, 917 (42.5%) students were diagnosed screening myopia, including 66 (3.1%) cases of high myopia, 383 (17.7%) cases of moderate myopia and 468 (21.7%) cases of mild myopia. The differences in the distribution of visual acuity tests among students with different physical fitness indices, body mass index, and gender were statistically significant (Z/H=54.50, 49.53, 15.51, P < 0.01). Low-level and low-middle-level physical fitness indices were associated with screening myopia among freshmen[OR(95%CI)=2.81(1.93-4.08), 1.87(1.38-2.54)], and low-level physical fitness indexes were associated with high myopia [OR(95%CI)=7.22(2.33-22.32)] (P < 0.01). Conclusions Screening myopia among college freshman without majoring in public safety administration is related to physical fitness, and low-level and low-middle-level physical fitness index are risk factors for myopia. Improving the level of physical fitness might be effective in preventing myopia.
- Myopia /
- Sports /
- Body mass index /
- Regression analysis /
- Students
注释:

1) 利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。

HTML全文

表 1 不同组别大学新生视力检测结果分布比较

Table 1. Comparison of distribution of visual acuity tests among different groups of college freshmen

组别	选项	人数	高度近视	中度近视	低度近视	正常	Z/H值
体能指数	低	274	19(6.9)	70(25.5)	66(24.1)	119(43.5)	54.50^**
	中低	768	21(2.7)	153(19.9)	184(24.0)	410(53.4)
	中	838	22(2.6)	128(15.3)	160(19.1)	528(63.0)
	高	280	4(1.4)	32(11.5)	58(20.7)	186(66.4)
BMI	低体重	166	8(4.8)	48(28.9)	56(33.8)	54(32.5)	49.53^**
	超重	302	12(4.0)	46(15.2)	47(15.6)	197(65.2)
	肥胖	51	4(7.8)	14(27.5)	7(13.7)	26(51.0)
	正常	1 641	42(2.6)	275(16.8)	358(21.8)	966(58.8)
民族	壮族	601	17(2.8)	105(17.5)	133(22.1)	346(57.6)	2.93
	汉族	1 415	48(3.4)	252(17.8)	311(22.0)	804(56.8)
	其他	144	1(0.7)	26(18.1)	24(16.6)	93(64.6)
性别	女	747	37(5.0)	217(29.0)	233(31.2)	260(34.8)	15.51^**
	男	1 413	29(2.1)	166(11.7)	235(16.6)	983(69.6)
注： ()内数字为构成比/%；近视指筛查性近视；^**P < 0.01。

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 大学新生筛查性近视与体能指数的Logistic回归分析(n=2 160)

Table 2. Logistic regression analysis of screening and physical fitness index in college freshman (n=2 160)

体能指数分类	高度近视		中度近视		低度近视		总体筛查性近视
体能指数分类	β值	OR值(95%CI)	β值	OR值(95%CI)	β值	OR值(95%CI)	β值	OR值(95%CI)
低	1.99	7.22(2.33~22.32)^**	1.30	3.66(2.21~6.07)^**	0.72	2.05(1.31~3.18)^**	1.04	2.81(1.93~4.08)^**
中低	0.89	2.44(0.82~7.31)	0.86	2.35(1.52~3.64)^**	0.46	1.59(1.11~2.27)^*	0.63	1.87(1.38~2.54)^**
中	0.70	2.04(0.69~6.04)	0.40	1.49(0.96~2.31)	0.03	1.03(0.72~1.47)	0.20	1.22(0.90~1.66)
注：体能指数分类以高为参照组；^* P < 0.05，^**P < 0.01。

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(32)

[1]	ORTEGA F B, RUIZ J R, CASTILLO M J, et al. Physical fitness in childhood and adolescence: a powerful marker of health[J]. Int J Obes, 2008, 32(1): 1-11. doi: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0803774
[2]	LI D L, YIN Z J, P C W, et al. Identification of high-risk patterns of myopia in Chinese students based on four major behavioral risk factors: a latent class analysis[J]. BMC Public Health, 2023, 23(1): 1378-1385. doi: 10.1186/s12889-023-15963-7
[3]	LI Y, XU C, GAO L, et al. Effects of physical activity patterns on myopia among children and adolescents: a latent class analysis[J]. Child Care Health Dev, 2024, 50(4): e13296. doi: 10.1111/cch.13296
[4]	HARRINGTON S, KEARNEY J, O'DWYER V. Visual factors associated with physical activity in school children[J]. Clin Exp Optom, 2023, 106(6): 645-655. doi: 10.1080/08164622.2022.2106780
[5]	GUO Y, LIU L J, JONAS J B. Outdoor jogging and myopia progression in school children from rural Beijing: the Beijing children eye study[J]. Transl Vis Sci Techn, 2019, 8(3): 2. doi: 10.1167/tvst.8.3.2
[6]	中华人民共和国教育部等八部门关于印发《综合防控儿童青少年近视实施方案》的通知[EB/OL].(2018-08-31)[2022-10-22].http://www.moe.gov.cn/srcsite/A17/moe_943/s3285/201808/t20180830_346672.html .
[7]	中华医学会眼科学分会眼视光学组, 中国医师协会眼科医师分会眼视光专业委员会, 中国非公立医疗机构协会眼科专业委员会视光学组, 等. 高度近视防控专家共识(2023)[J]. 中华眼视光学与视觉科学杂志, 2023, 25(6): 401-407. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115909-20230509-00147 Chinese Optometric Association, Chinese Ophthalmological Society, Ophthalmology and Optometry Committee, Ophthalmologists Association, Chinese Doctor Association, Ophthalmology and Optometry Group, Ophthalmologic Committee, Chinese Non-government Medical Institutions Association, et al. Expert consensus on prevention and control of high myopia(2023)[J]. Chin J Optom Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2023, 25(6): 401-407. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115909-20230509-00147
[8]	ALSAIF B A, ALJINDAN M Y, ALRAMMAH H M, et al. Refractive errors among Saudi college students and associated risk factors[J]. Clin Ophthalmol, 2019, 13: 437-443. doi: 10.2147/OPTH.S193213
[9]	HÖNEKOPP A, TOMMES L M, WEIGELT S, et al. Myopia prevalence, refractive status and uncorrected myopia among primary and secondary school students in Germany[J]. Front Med, 2024, 11: 1483069. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1483069
[10]	TRUCKENBROD C, MEIGEN C, BRANDT M, et al. Longitudinal analysis of axial length growth in a German cohort of healthy children and adolescents[J]. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt, 2021, 41: 532-540. doi: 10.1111/opo.12817
[11]	中华人民共和国教育部关于印发《国家学生体质健康标准(2014年修订)》的通知[EB/OL].(2014-07-08)[2022-10-22].http://www.moe.gov.cn/s78/A17/twys_left/moe_938/moe_792/s3273/201407/t20140708_171692.html .
[12]	赵玉秋, 王法艳, 朱鹏, 等. 体重指数与儿童青少年体能指数关联性研究[J]. 中华流行病学杂志, 2012, 33(3): 265-268. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2012.03.004 ZHAO Y Q, WANG F Y, ZHU P, et al. Study on the association between body mass index and physical fitness index of children and adolescents[J]. Chin J Epidemiol, 2012, 33(3): 265-268. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2012.03.004
[13]	李圣琦, 甘娜. 2 394名高校新生近视与体质健康相关因素分析[J]. 中国校医, 2018, 32(11): 801-802, 818. LI S Q, GAN N. Correlation between myopia and physical health of 2 394 freshmen college[J]. Chin J School Doctor, 2018, 32(11): 801-802, 818. (in Chinese)
[14]	OLIVER M D, MORTON A L, DATTA S. A pilot study exploring the relationship between wellness and physical fitness: an examination into autonomic health[J]. J Am Coll Health, 2020, 68(7): 712-719. doi: 10.1080/07448481.2019.1596919
[15]	CHEN Z H, CHI G J, WANG L, et al. The combinations of physical activity, screen time, and sleep, and their associations with self-reported physical fitness in children and adolescents[J]. Int J Env Res Public Health, 2022, 19(10): 5783-5794.
[16]	GUO M M, ZHU Y M, WANG X Z. Physical activity and recreational screen time among Chinese children and adolescents: a national cross-sectional study[J]. Front Public Health, 2024, 12: 1376330.
[17]	XIN W, HAO L, WEN W, et al. Temporal trends in physical fitness among Chinese children and adolescents from 2000 to 2019 and analysis of social-ecological factors[J]. J Sport Sci, 2023, 41(9): 884-894.
[18]	IMHOF K, ZAHNER L, SCHMIDT-TRUCKSASS A, et al. Influence of physical fitness and activity behavior on retinal vessel diameters in primary school children[J]. Scand J Med Sci Sports, 2016, 26(7): 731-738.
[19]	钟维琪, 谷志明, 兰长骏, 等. 脉络膜与近视相关研究进展[J]. 眼科新进展, 2022, 42(7): 577-580. ZHONG W Q, GU Z M, LAN C J, et al. Research progress on choroid and myopia[J]. Rec Adv Ophthalmol, 2022, 42(7): 577-580. (in Chinese)
[20]	WYLEGALA A. The effects of physical exercises on ocular physiology: a review[J]. J Glaucoma, 2016, 25(10): E843-E849.
[21]	DREŽNJAK F, MUSA I, MERDŽO I, et al. The effect of physical activity and fitness level on retinal microcirculation[J]. Acta Med Croatic, 2022, 76(4): 241-246.
[22]	ZHANG Q X, JIANG Y X, WANG J M, et al. Effects and potential mechanisms of exercise and physical activity on eye health and ocular diseases[J]. Front Med(Lausanne), 2024, 11: 1353624.
[23]	陶芳标. 构建面向健康中国2030青少年健康促进体系[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2023, 44(1): 1-5. TAO F B. Constructing an adolescent health promotion system for Healthy China 2030[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2023, 44(1): 1-5. (in Chinese)
[24]	王蒙, 陶舒曼, 万宇辉, 等. 中学生用眼行为与自我报告近视的关联[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2023, 44(5): 696-700, 705. WANG M, TAO S M, WAN Y H, et al. Association between eye behavior and self-reported myopia among secondary school students[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2023, 44(5): 696-700, 705. (in Chinese)
[25]	王丽蒙, 王向东, 徐文燕, 等. 2016—2021年上海市静安区中小学生视力不良及其影响因素分析[J]. 中国健康教育, 2024, 40(8): 691-696, 702. WANG L M, WANG X D, XU W Y, et al. Analysis of poor vision and its influencing factors among primary and secondary school students in Jing'an District, Shanghai from 2016 to 2021[J]. Chin J Health Educ, 2024, 40(8): 691-696, 702. (in Chinese)
[26]	李国峰, 张秀红, 杨田, 等. 2019—2021年内蒙古自治区中小学生视力不良状况及影响因素分析[J]. 中国健康教育, 2024, 40(4): 291-296, 325. LI G F, ZHANG X H, YANG T, et al. Analysis of poor vision status and influencing factors among primary and secondary school students in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from 2019 to 2021[J]. Chin J Health Educ, 2024, 40(4): 291-296, 325. (in Chinese)
[27]	WANG H, LI L S, XU L D, et al. Simulations to assess the performance of multifactor risk scores for predicting myopia prevalence in children and adolescents in China[J]. Front Genet, 2022, 13. DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.861164.
[28]	许凤鸣, 王丽茹, 李凤娟, 等. 河南省中小学生视力状况与户外活动相关分析[J]. 中国健康教育, 2023, 39(7): 601-604. XU F M, WANG L R, LI F J, et al. Correlation analysis between visual status and outdoor activities of primary and secondary school students in Henan Province[J]. Chin J Health Educ, 2023, 39(7): 601-604. (in Chinese)
[29]	ZHANG Y J, TIAN S, PAN C W. Screen time and health issues in Chinese school-aged children and adolescents: a systematic review and Meta-analysis[J]. BMC Public Health, 2022, 22(1): 810.
[30]	ZHAO H H, WU N, GAO Y. Association between meeting 24-h movement guidelines and health in children and adolescents aged 5-17 years: a systematic review and Meta-analysis[J]. Front Public Health, 2024, 12: 1351972.
[31]	陶芳标. 关注新型环境行为风险因素对青少年健康的影响[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2024, 45(4): 457-460, 464. doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024118 TAO F B. Pay attention to the impact of new environmental behavior risk factors on adolescent health[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2024, 45(4): 457-460, 464. (in Chinese) doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2024118
[32]	陶舒曼, 伍晓艳, 陶芳标. 《学生常见病多病共防技术指南》专题解读[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2024, 45(10): 1372-1377. TAO S M, WU X Y, TAO F B. Special interpretation of Technical Guidelines for Common Diseases and Multi Disease Prevention in Students[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2024, 45(10): 1372-1377. (in Chinese)