成都市2021—2023年中小学生视力不良的时空分析

谢雨桓; 王梓彤; 陈曦; 岳琳; 潘杰

doi:10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025028

成都市2021—2023年中小学生视力不良的时空分析

doi: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2025028

谢雨桓¹,
王梓彤^{1, 2, 3},
陈曦¹,
岳琳^1, ,,
潘杰^{1, 3}

1.
四川大学华西公共卫生学院/四川大学华西第四医院，成都 610041
2.
新加坡国立大学杨潞龄医学院
3.
四川大学健康城市发展研究中心/西部农村卫生发展研究中心

基金项目:

四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院健康新质生产力研究所课题项目 HN240302B

详细信息

作者简介:
谢雨桓(2003-)，女，重庆市人，在读本科；王梓彤(2001-)，男，山东胶县人，在读硕士，主要研究方向为卫生政策。谢雨桓和王梓彤为并列第一作者

通讯作者:
岳琳，E-mail：yuelin998@scu.edu.cn

利益冲突声明 所有作者声明无利益冲突。
中图分类号: R179 R778.1⁺⁵ R188.2
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-11-22
- 修回日期: 2024-12-14
- 网络出版日期: 2025-01-25
- 刊出日期: 2025-01-25

Space-time analysis of poor vision among primary and secondary school students in Chengdu from 2021 to 2023

XIE Yuhuan¹,
WANG Zitong^{1, 2, 3},
CHEN Xi¹,
YUE Lin^{1
, ,},
PAN Jie^{1, 3}

1.
West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu (610041), Sichuan Province, China

摘要

摘要: 目的分析成都市中小学生视力不良的时空特征，为学生近视防控政策制定提供参考。方法以四川省学生体质健康大数据中心2021—2023年成都市中小学生的视力不良数据为研究资料，将成都市各区县划分为主城区、近郊区县和远郊区县三个圈层，采用χ²检验进行组间比较，采用Cochran-Armitage检验分析变化趋势，采用全局及局部Moran's I值分析空间聚集性。结果 2021—2023年成都市中小学生视力不良检出率分别为62.47%，61.61%和60.78%，呈下降趋势(Z=-32.01，P < 0.01)。各年度间，学段越高的学生视力不良检出率越高，差异均有统计学意义(χ²值分别为161 549.47，173 471.87，233 459.09)；从成都市中心区县到四周区县，中小学生视力不良检出率逐渐降低，差异均有统计学意义(χ²值分别为299.20，776.22，633.16)(P值均 < 0.01)。空间自相关分析显示，成都市域第一圈层以高-高聚类(P < 0.01)为主，其中武侯区2023年小学生视力不良率出现低-高异常；第三圈层以低-低聚类(P < 0.01)为主；第二圈层空间聚集性均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05)。结论成都市近视防控工作取得初步成效；应继续巩固现有成果，并根据区域特点实施针对性的近视防控措施。
- 视力，低 /
- 时空聚类分析 /
- 学生
Abstract: Objective To analyze the space-time characteristics of poor vision among primary and secondary school students in Chengdu, in order to provide the reference for formulating myopia prevention and control policies for students. Methods The data relating to poor vision among primary and secondary school students in Chengdu from 2021 to 2023 were sourced from the Sichuan Students' Physical Health Big Data Center. The districts and counties of Chengdu were divided into three circles, including the main urban area, suburban districts and counties, and suburban districts and counties. The Chi-square test was used for inter group comparison, and the Cochran-Armitage test was used to analyze the trend of changes. Global and local Moran's I were used to analyze spatial clustering. Results The detection rates of poor vision among primary and secondary school students in Chengdu from 2021 to 2023 were 62.47%, 61.61% and 60.78%, respectively, showing a decreasing trend (Z=-32.01, P < 0.01). For each year, the higher detection rate of poor vision among students was detected in the higher level of education, and differences were statistically significant (χ²=161 549.47, 173 471.87, 233 459.09, P < 0.01). The rate of poor vision among primary and secondary school students gradually decreased from the central districts and counties of Chengdu to the surrounding districts and counties for each year, and the differences were statistically significant (χ²=299.20, 776.22, 633.16, P < 0.01). The spatial autocorrelation analysis showed that the first circle of Chengdu City was mainly characterized by high-high agglomeration (P < 0.01), with the rate of poor vision among primary school students in Wuhou District in 2023 exhibiting a low-high anomaly. The third circle was mainly characterized by low-low aggregation (P < 0.01), while the spatial clusterings of the second circle was not significant (P>0.05). Conclusions The myopia prevention and control work in Chengdu has achieved preliminary results. It should continue to consolidate existing achievements and implement targeted myopia prevention and control measures based on regional characteristics.
- Vision, low /
- Space-time clustering /
- Students
注释:

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图 1 成都市2021—2023年各区县中小学生视力不良检出率及变化幅度

Figure 1. Detection rates and magnitude of changes in poor vision in various districts and counties among primary and secondary school students in Chengdu from 2021 to 2023

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 成都市2021-2023年各区县中小学生视力不良变化率

Figure 2. Rates of changes in poor vision in various districts and counties among primary and secondary school students in Chengdu from 2021 to 2023

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 成都市不同组别中小学生2021—2023年视力不良检出率比较

Table 1. Comparision of detection rates of poor vision among primary and secondary school students in Chengdu from 2021 to 2023

组别	选项	统计值	2021年		2022年		2023年		Z值^a	P值
组别	选项	统计值	人数	视力不良人数	人数	视力不良人数	人数	视力不良人数	Z值^a	P值
学段	小学		928 673	459 091(49.44)	896 950	429 043(47.83)	1 058 931	488 252(46.11)	-46.92	< 0.01
	初中		375 855	295 654(78.66)	357 131	280 165(78.45)	405 252	322 760(79.64)	10.83	< 0.01
	高中		296 043	245 140(82.81)	290 563	242 518(83.46)	337 828	284 249(84.14)	14.30	< 0.01
		χ²值		161 549.47		173 471.87		233 459.09
		P值		< 0.01		< 0.01		< 0.01
圈层	第一		495 185	314 139(63.44)	496 724	313 741(63.16)	574 953	354 448(61.65)	-19.43	< 0.01
	第二		603 020	374 991(62.19)	589 766	360 515(61.13)	676 386	403 208(59.61)	-29.89	< 0.01
	第三		502 366	310 755(61.86)	458 154	277 470(60.56)	550 672	337 605(61.31)	-5.49	< 0.01
		χ²值		299.20		776.22		633.16
		P值		< 0.01		< 0.01		< 0.01
合计			1 600 571	999 885(62.47)	1 544 644	951 726(61.61)	1 802 011	1 095 261(60.78)	-32.01	< 0.01
注： ^a Cochram-Armitage检验用于年份趋势分析；()内数字为检出率/%。

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表 2 成都市不同学段学生按圈层分类2021—2023年视力不良检出率比较

Table 2. Comparision of detection rates of poor vision among students in different grades in Chengdu classified by circle

学段	圈层	统计值	2021年		2022年		2023年		Z值^a	P值
学段	圈层	统计值	人数	视力不良人数	人数	视力不良人数	人数	视力不良人数	Z值^a	P值
小学	第一		313 256	164 148(52.40)	311 093	159 671(51.33)	362 115	178 316(49.24)	-26.10	< 0.01
	第二		352 061	172 488(48.99)	347 450	165 663(47.68)	406 548	183 405(45.11)	-34.05	< 0.01
	第三		263 356	122 455(46.50)	238 407	103 709(43.50)	290 268	126 531(43.59)	-34.05	< 0.01
		χ²值		2 038.42		3 317.34		2 334.24
		P值		< 0.01		< 0.01		< 0.01
初中	第一		109 524	89 767(81.96)	112 767	91 841(81.44)	125 969	102 962(81.74)	-34.05	< 0.01
	第二		136 375	108 618(79.65)	129 846	101 487(78.16)	144 135	115 577(80.19)	3.74	< 0.01
	第三		129 956	97 269(74.85)	114 518	86 837(75.83)	135 148	104 221(77.11)	13.67	< 0.01
		χ²值		1 915.39		1 069.62		898.89
		P值		< 0.01		< 0.01		< 0.01
高中	第一		72 405	60 224(83.18)	72 864	62 229(85.40)	86 869	73 170(84.23)	5.23	< 0.01
	第二		114 584	93 885(81.94)	112 470	93 365(83.01)	125 703	104 226(82.91)	6.22	< 0.01
	第三		109 054	91 031(83.47)	105 229	86 924(82.60)	125 256	106 853(85.31)	12.56	< 0.01
		χ²值		102.07		271.64		269.99
		P值		< 0.01		< 0.01		< 0.01
注： ^a Cochram-Armitage检验用于年份趋势分析；()内数字为检出率/%。

下载: 导出CSV

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